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101.
Dr. Ying-Jie Sun Wen-Da Chen Dr. Ji Liu Jun-Jin Li Yu Zhang Wei-Qi Cai Prof. Li Liu Xin-Jing Tang Jian Hou Prof. Ming Wang Prof. Liang Cheng 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(5):e202212413
The CRISPR/Cas system is one of the most powerful tools for gene editing. However, approaches for precise control of genome editing and regulatory events are still desirable. Here, we report the spatiotemporal and efficient control of CRISPR/Cas9- and Cas12a-mediated editing with conformationally restricted guide RNAs (gRNAs). This approach relied on only two or three pre-installed photo-labile substituents followed by an intramolecular cyclization, representing a robust synthetic method in comparison to the heavily modified linear gRNAs that often require extensive screening and time-consuming optimization. This tactic could direct the precise cleavage of the genes encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) protein within a predefined cutting region without notable editing leakage in live cells. We also achieved light-mediated myostatin (MSTN) gene editing in embryos, wherein a new bow-knot-type gRNA was constructed with excellent OFF/ON switch efficiency. Overall, our work provides a significant new strategy in CRISPR/Cas editing with modified circular gRNAs to precisely manipulate where and when genes are edited. 相似文献
102.
Youwen Rong Dr. Tianfu Liu Jiaqi Sang Dr. Rongtan Li Dr. Pengfei Wei Dr. Hefei Li Dr. Aiyi Dong Prof. Dr. Li Che Prof. Dr. Qiang Fu Prof. Dr. Dunfeng Gao Prof. Dr. Guoxiong Wang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(45):e202309893
Electrochemically converting CO2 to valuable chemicals holds great promise for closing the anthropogenic carbon cycle. Owing to complex reaction pathways and shared rate-determining steps, directing the selectivity of CO2/CO electrolysis to a specific multicarbon product is very challenging. We report here a strategy for highly selective production of acetate from CO electrolysis by constructing metal-organic interfaces. We demonstrate that the Cu-organic interfaces constructed by in situ reconstruction of Cu complexes show very impressive acetate selectivity, with a high Faradaic efficiency of 84.2 % and a carbon selectivity of 92.1 % for acetate production, in an alkaline membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer. The maximum acetate partial current density and acetate yield reach as high as 605 mA cm−2 and 63.4 %, respectively. Thorough structural characterizations, control experiments, operando Raman spectroscopy measurements, and density functional theory calculation results indicate that the Cu-organic interface creates a favorable reaction microenvironment that enhances *CO adsorption, lowers the energy barrier for C−C coupling, and facilitates the formation of CH3COOH over other multicarbon products, thus rationalizing the selective acetate production. 相似文献
103.
Xiang Chen Dr. Shuhui Guan Jianjiang Zhou Hengjun Shang Jingyuan Zhang Fujian Lv Prof. Han Yu Prof. Dr. Hexing Li Prof. Zhenfeng Bian 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(45):e202312734
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as crucial players in catalysis research, prompting extensive investigation and application. The precise control of metal atom nucleation and growth has garnered significant attention. In this study, we present a straightforward approach for preparing SACs utilizing a photocatalytic radical control strategy. Notably, we demonstrate for the first time that radicals generated during the photochemical process effectively hinder the aggregation of individual atoms. By leveraging the cooperative anchoring of nitrogen atoms and crystal lattice oxygen on the support, we successfully stabilize the single atom. Our Pd1/TiO2 catalysts exhibit remarkable catalytic activity and stability in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction, which was 43 times higher than Pd/C. Furthermore, we successfully depose Pd atoms onto various substrates, including TiO2, CeO2, and WO3. The photocatalytic radical control strategy can be extended to other single-atom catalysts, such as Ir, Pt, Rh, and Ru, underscoring its broad applicability. 相似文献
104.
Identification,control strategies,and analytical approaches for the determination of potential genotoxic impurities in pharmaceuticals: A comprehensive review 下载免费PDF全文
Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy Jafariah Jaafar Khalid Umar Zaiton Abdul Majid Azmi Bin Aris Juhaizah Talib Gajulapalle Madhavi 《Journal of separation science》2015,38(5):764-779
Potential genotoxic impurities in pharmaceuticals at trace levels are of increasing concern to both pharmaceutical industries and regulatory agencies due to their possibility for human carcinogenesis. Molecular functional groups that render starting materials and synthetic intermediates as reactive building blocks for small molecules may also be responsible for their genotoxicity. Determination of these genotoxic impurities at trace levels requires highly sensitive and selective analytical methodologies, which poses tremendous challenges on analytical communities in pharmaceutical research and development. Experimental guidance for the analytical determination of some important classes of genotoxic impurities is still unavailable in the literature. Therefore, the present review explores the structural alerts of commonly encountered potential genotoxic impurities, draft guidance of various regulatory authorities in order to control the level of impurities in drug substances and to assess their toxicity. This review also describes the analytical considerations for the determination of potential genotoxic impurities at trace levels and finally few case studies are also discussed for the determination of some important classes of potential genotoxic impurities. It is the authors’ intention to provide a complete strategy that helps analytical scientists for the analysis of such potential genotoxic impurities in pharmaceuticals. 相似文献
105.
由1,10-邻菲咯啉合成1,10-邻菲咯啉-5,6-二酮反应的副产物的形成与控制研究表明,1,10-邻菲咯啉在5,6位二酮化反应中的副反应产物及主产物分离时产生的副产物均为4,5-二氮杂芴-9-酮,二酮化反应条件(包括作为氧化剂的强混合酸H2SO4/HNO3的加入量、时间和温度)和主产物分离时体系的酸度对副产物的形成有重要影响,优化了二酮化反应条件和产物分离时的体系pH控制范围。在此优化条件下,可有效控制副产物的形成,使主产物1,10-邻菲咯啉-5,6-二酮的收率达到92%以上。 相似文献
106.
PurposeStatistical process control (SPC) has been shown to be a suitable tool for medical physicists to monitor quality and keep variability low and within specifications. We report our findings regarding ionisation chamber stability in our department when using a radioactive stability check device (RSCD) and we compare them with similar previously published records, including calibration results.MethodsWe retrospectively studied the stability of a PPC 40 parallel-plate chamber, and two Farmer chambers (FC65-G and FC65-P) by checking them with dedicated RSCDs. We analysed the data following SPC methodology which includes plotting I-MR control charts, monitoring out-of-control observations, calculating process capability ratios (Cp), and estimating conformance to specifications. We also estimated the Cp and adherence to specifications of previously published data.ResultsThe PPC40 chamber hardly went out of the control limits over the whole six-year period assessed. However, Farmer chamber verifications drifted in opposite directions in phase II, and the deviations observed did not agree with their calibration records, which only increased by a maximum of 0.5%. In phase I the most unstable chamber was the FC65-P with a Cp equal to 0.9 at a specification level of ±1%. The PPC40 chamber was stable to within a maximum Cp of 1.3. Several sets of analysed data, including ours and those from other authors, fitted well within these limits: within ±1.9% and ±1.5% for a Cp of 1.5 and 1.33 respectively.ConclusionsSPC with constant long-term RSCD checking gave us a meaningful plot of the instability of our ionisation chambers. Although a period of two years between calibrations should not be surpassed, in the interim this check can conform to specifications of ±1.5%. 相似文献
107.
Extracellular biosynthesis of monodispersed gold nanoparticles by a SAM capping route 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Li Wen Zhonghua Lin Pingying Gu Jianzhang Zhou Bingxing Yao Guoliang Chen Jinkun Fu 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2009,11(2):279-288
Monodispersed gold nanoparticles capped with a self-assembled monolayer of dodecanethiol were biosynthesized extracellularly
by an efficient, simple, and environmental friendly procedure, which involved the use of Bacillus megatherium D01 as the reducing agent and the use of dodecanethiol as the capping ligand at 26 °C. The kinetics of gold nanoparticle
formation was followed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy. It was shown that reaction time
was an important parameter in controlling the morphology of gold nanoparticles. The effect of thiol on the shape, size, and
dispersity of gold nanoparticles was also studied. The results showed that the presence of thiol during the biosynthesis could
induce the formation of small size gold nanoparticles (<2.5 nm), hold the shape of spherical nanoparticles, and promote the
monodispersity of nanoparticles. Through the modulation of reaction time and the use of thiol, monodispersed spherical gold
nanoparticles capped with thiol of 1.9 ± 0.8 nm size were formed by using Bacillus megatherium D01. 相似文献
108.
Modern lubricants often exhibit shear-thinning due to the presence of high molecular weight polymers as additives. Therefore the influence of such non-Newtonian effects on the performances of lubricating systems must be predicted. The corresponding fluid film flow is governed by a non-linear partial differential equation, which generalizes the classical Reynolds equation. Having prescribed adequate boundary conditions, this equation is solved by a finite element method with optimal control. The problem of the square slider bearing lubricated by the Rabinowitsch fluid is solved in order to test the accuracy of the numerical scheme. The pressure and velocity fields are given and compared with the corresponding ones obtained for the Newtonian fluid. 相似文献
109.
Karol?Horodecki Micha??HorodeckiEmail author Pawel?Horodecki Jonathan?Oppenheim 《Foundations of Physics》2005,35(12):2027-2040
There are aspects of privacy theory that are analogous to quantum theory. In particular one can define distillable key and
key cost in parallel to distillable entanglement and entanglement cost. We present here classical privacy theory as a particular
case of information theory with adversaries, where similar general laws hold as in entanglement theory. We place the result
of Renner and Wolf—that intrinsic information is lower bound for key cost—into this general formalism. Then we show that the
question of whether intrinsic information is equal to key cost is equivalent to the question of whether Alice and Bob can
create a distribution product with Eve using IM bits of secret key. We also propose a natural analogue of relative entropy of entanglement in privacy theory and show that
it is equal to the intrinsic information. We also provide a formula analogous to the entanglement of formation for classical
distributions.
It is our pleasure to dedicate this paper to Asher Peres on the occasion of his seventieth birthday. 相似文献
110.
Counterexamples are constructed for some plausible conjectures.
Typical of these: as the Maximum Principle ensures that positive boundary data
give a positive state at time T from 0 initial data, one might
(plausibly, but falsely) conjecture that all positive terminal states
should be approximately reachable in this way, i.e., subject to the
requirement that the boundary data stays nonnegative. 相似文献