地表温度对颗粒跃移轨迹的影响

为了研究由地表温度变化引起的向上的垂向气流对沙粒跃移运动的影响,本文给出了考虑近地表温度变化和水平来流风场作用下的沙粒的跃移运动。在定量给出不同时刻的近地表温度和垂向风速的基础上,计算了由于太阳辐射所引起的近地表层垂向气流对沙粒跃移运动的影响,发现:垂向风速在午后可达到1.5m/s并使得沙粒跃移轨迹的最大高度和长度分别增加55.56%和73.68%;同时,与不考虑温度效应的情况不同的是,沙粒跃移轨道最大高度将随粒径变化。     

Modeling the Formation of Fluid Banks During Counter-Current Flow in Porous Media

Fluid banks sometimes form during gravity-driven counter-current flow in certain natural reservoir processes. Prediction of flow performance in such systems depends on our understanding of the bank-formation process. Traditional modeling methods using a single capillary pressure curve based on a final saturation distribution have successfully simulated counter-current flow without fluid banks. However, it has been difficult to simulate counter-current flow with fluid banks. In this paper, we describe the successful saturation-history-dependent modeling of counter-current flow experiments that result in fluid banks. The method used to simulate the experiments takes into account hysteresis in capillary pressure and relative permeabilities. Each spatial element in the model follows a distinct trajectory on the capillary pressure versus saturation map, which consists of the capillary hysteresis loop and the associated capillary pressure scanning curves. The new modeling method successfully captured the formation of the fluid banks observed in the experiments, including their development with time. Results show that bank formation is favored where the p_c-versus-saturation slope is low. Experiments documented in the literature that exhibited formation of fluid banks were also successfully simulated.     

Electronic quantum trajectories in a quantum dot

This article gives a quantum‐trajectory demonstration of the observed electric, magnetic, and thermal effects on a quantum dot with circular or elliptic shape. By applying quantum trajectory method to a quantum dot, we reveal the quantum‐mechanical meanings of the classical concepts of backscattering and commensurability, which were used in the literature to explain the peak locations of the magnetoresistance curve. Under the quantum commensurability condition, electronic quantum trajectories in a circular quantum dot are shown to be stationary like a standing wave, whose presence increases the electrical resistance. A hidden quantum effect called magnetic stagnation is discovered and shown to be the main cause of the observed jumps of the magnetoresistance curve. Quantum trajectories in an elliptic quantum dot are found to be chaotic and an index of chaos called Lyapunov exponent is proposed to measure the irregularity of the various quantum trajectories. It is shown that the response of the Lyapunov exponent to the applied magnetic field captures the main features of the experimental magnetoresistance curve. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Copper(I) d10···d10 Interactions and Diselenide(1–) Radical Anions in Mixed Valent Selenides Cu4–δBiSe4I

Melting reactions of copper, CuI, selenium, and Bi₂Se₃ yielded black, shiny needles of Cu₄BiSe₄I = Cu₄BiSe₂(Se₂)I. The compound decomposes peritectically above 635(5) K and crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with a = 960.1(1) pm, b = 413.16(3) pm, and c = 2274.7(2) pm (T = 293(2) K). In the crystal structure, strands ${1}\atop{{\infty}}$ [BiSeSe_2/2(Se₂)_2/2]^3– run along [010]. Therein, the bismuth(III) cation is coordinated by five selenium atoms, which form a square pyramid. The copper(I) cations are coordinated tetrahedrally by selenide, diselenide and iodide ions. Edge‐sharing of these tetrahedra results in zigzag chains of copper cations with short distances of 262.7(4) pm. Enhanced dispersion of the 3d bands, the Crystal Orbital Hamilton Populations (COHP), and disynaptic ELI‐D basins indicate weakly attractive d¹⁰···d¹⁰ interactions between the copper cations. The semiconducting properties and the calculated electronic band structure suggest an electron‐precise compound. In copper‐deficient Cu_3.824(8)BiSe₄I, the Cu···Cu distances are 5 pm shorter, and Raman spectroscopy indicates the presence of diselenide(1–) radical anions besides the diselenide(2–) groups. As a result, in Cu_3.824(8)BiSe₄I, selenium coexists in the oxidations states –II, –I, and –0.5.     

准经典轨线研究Li+HF(ν=0, j=0)→LiF+H反应动力学

基于Aguado等人拟合的APW势能面(PES), 运用准经典轨线(QCT)方法, 对反应Li+HF(ν=0, j=0)→LiF+H的动力学性质进行了计算. 主要研究了不同碰撞能条件下的反应截面、转动取向、产物散射角分布和竞争反应模式等. 结果表明, 该反应存在直接提取型和间接插入型两种反应模式, 在低能量下反应以间接插入反应模式为主, 能量大于200 meV时则以直接提取反应为主.     

低温等离子模型中的一个混合型方程的闭Dirichlet问题

描述理想的低温等离子体中电磁波传播的模型是一个椭圆双曲混合型方程.证明了该方程闭Dirichlet问题弱解的存在唯一性.该结果关于区域的几何结构要求较少.由于这里所讨论的方程的奇异性与Keldysh方程的奇异性有相似性质,而后者的奇异性比Tricomi方程更强,因此关于其正则性的研究是很有意义的.作者给出了一个内正则性结果.     

随机参数超空泡射弹弹道随机特性分析

超空泡射弹的发射装置及射弹在制造,安装过程中存在各种不确定性.本文采用最大熵法来分析这些不确定性对射弹弹道的影响.介绍了超空泡射弹的动力学模型,对射弹的受力特性和随机参数进行了分析.根据给出的理论编制了基于最大熵法的随机参数超空泡射弹弹道随机特性分析的仿真程序,并对一个模型弹仿真计算.计算表明,与发射装置有关的随机参数...     

Quantum monodromy and molecular spectroscopy

Monodromy (or once round) is a classical property of integrable dynamical systems in two or more degrees of freedom, which imposes a characteristic pattern on the quantum mechanical eigenvalue distribution. This article explains the connection by showing how the presence of an isolated critical point of the Hamiltonian leads to a classical action function that is multi-valued with respect to energy and angular momentum. Consequently, by the Bohr correspondence principle between actions and quantum numbers, there can be no uniquely defined global system of quantum numbers. Implications for the interpretation of highly excited molecular spectra are brought out by reference to quasi-linear molecules, which transfer one degree of freedom from rotational to vibrational motion during the excitation process. Emphasis is placed on the simplest examples, while a brief resumé of the wide scope of the quantum monodromy phenomenon is given in the final section.     

集合套范畴的研究

模糊集理论与 Topos理论有着密切的联系 ,借助于模糊集理论中的集合套理论 ,引入了两种新的范畴——集合套范畴 SEB1和 SEB2。首先证明了 SEB1满足卡氏积封闭性 (Cartesian Closed) ,但没有SC(子对象分类器 ) ,所以 SEB1不是 Topos.其次 ,得出 SEB2是一个 Topos     

运输问题悖论及其研究

提出了运输问题的奇特现象——运输问题的悖论,讨论了运输问题悖论出现的条件,最后指出了研究运输问题悖论的现实意义.