能谱涨落统计特征分析在Logistic混沌序列上的应用

混沌现象普遍存在于现实生活中,混沌时间序列的分析是非线性系统研究的主要内容.基于Anderson 模型,提出了一种新的混沌序列的分析方法.通过对Logistic序列的分析,使用能谱涨落分析方法,发现能级斥力的大小能与最大lyapunov指数相对应.结果表明,该方法能较好的预测混沌序列,而且具有较强的抗噪声的能力,不受初值敏感性的影响.     

一种多通道混沌调相扩频方式及其在水声通信中的应用

直接序列扩频通信是一种低检测概率通信方式,在保密通信中得到了广泛的应用。但该通信方式仍存在缺陷,其采用伪随机序列作为扩频码,而伪随机序列具有周期性和二值性等较为明显的特征,在敌对环境下这些特征可能被利用,使得直扩信号重要的特征参数被估计出来,进而引发信息泄露。针对这个问题,本文提出采用混沌调相序列代替伪随机序列,混沌调相序列是恒包络的复数值序列,可用数量多,相关特性好,而且克服了伪随机序列周期性和二值性的不足,具有更高的保密性。为了提高通信速率,将混沌调相序列与多通道技术相结合,数值仿真结果显示了该通信方式优异的误码率性能,表明该通信方式在水声通信中应用的可行性。     

Chaotic itinerancy, temporal segmentation and spatio-temporal combinatorial codes

We study a deterministic dynamics with two time scales in a continuous state attractor network. To the usual (fast) relaxation dynamics towards point attractors (“patterns”) we add a slow coupling dynamics that makes the visited patterns lose stability, leading to an itinerant behavior in the form of punctuated equilibria. One finds that the transition frequency matrix for transitions between patterns shows non-trivial statistical properties in the chaotic itinerant regime. We show that mixture input patterns can be temporally segmented by the itinerant dynamics. The viability of a combinatorial spatio-temporal neural code is also demonstrated.     

高电荷态离子入射Al表面库仑势对靶原子特征谱线强度的影响

用同一动能(150keV)而不同电荷态的⁴⁰Ar^q+(8≤q≤16)离子入射金属Al表面,靶原子受激辐射产生特征光谱线. 实验结果表明：高电荷态离子与金属表面相互作用过程中,经过与靶原子碰撞(Penning碰撞)交换动能和共振电子俘获(resonant capture)释放库仑势能,将携带的能量沉积于靶表面,使靶原子激发. 这种激发不同于光激发,它不仅激发了原子复杂电子组态之间的跃迁,而且跃迁辐射的特征谱线强度增强的趋势与入射粒子的库 关键词： 高电荷态离子 库仑势 特征光谱 光谱强度     

电流调制半导体激光器的混沌及其同步

研究了电流调制半导体激光器的混沌及其同步.通过数值计算系统的最大Lyapunov指数随调制强度的变化情况,确定了激光器处于混沌态的参量区间.利用差值耦合与和值耦合两种方案实现了两激光器的混沌同步.两激光器相关系数的数值计算表明,两种方案的同步效果都很好,而和值耦合更易于实现两激光器的同步.以标准化系数为例,分析了两激光器参量不匹配对混沌同步的影响,当标准化系数的偏差保持在小范围内时,两激光器仍可达到较好的同步,而差值耦合同步的鲁棒性优于和值耦合.     

An approach for characterizing coupling in dynamical systems

The study of coupling in dynamical systems dates back to Christian Hyugens who, in 1665, discovered that pendulum clocks with the same length pendulum synchronize when they are near to each other. In that case the observed synchronous motion was out of phase. In this paper we propose a new approach for measuring the degree of coupling and synchronization of a dynamical system consisting of interacting subsystems. The measure is based on quantifying the active degrees of freedom (e.g. correlation dimension) of the coupled system and the constituent subsystems. The time-delay embedding scheme is extended to coupled systems and used for attractor reconstruction of the coupled dynamical system. We use the coupled Lorenz, Rossler and Hénon model systems with a coupling strength variable for evaluation of the proposed approach. Results show that we can measure the active degrees of freedom of the coupled dynamical systems and can quantify and distinguish the degree of synchronization or coupling in each of the dynamical systems studied. Furthermore, using this approach the direction of coupling can be determined.     

ICP-AES法测定粳稻近等基因系群体间糙米的矿质元素

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)对粳稻近等基因系(NILs)BC₅F₅群体264个株系17种矿质元素(S, Mo, Ni, Fe, Cr, Na, Al, Cu, P, Sn, Zn, B, Mn, Mg, Ca, Sr, K)进行了测定。加标回收率为92.3%～110.2%, RSD<6%。结果表明: 以丽粳2号作供体及十和田受体培育出糙米多种高矿质元素基因定位的NILs,是迄今首次培育出粳稻孕穗期耐冷性及其关联矿质元素的近等基因系;该群体糙米中P, K, Mg, S, Ca, Zn, Mn, Na, Fe, Cu和Al等11种人体必须的生命元素含量较高; 群体间糙米矿质元素中五种宏量元素含量变异小(11.15%～16.45%)和12种微量元素变异大(16.57%～94.96%); 群体糙米17种矿质元素间136对性状间有95对性状呈显著或极显著相关,而与功能稻米活性成分有关的Mo,Ni,Al,Sn,Cr和Sr矿质元素15对性状相关(0.531**～0.921**)明显高于P,K,Ca,Mg和S宏量元素10对性状相关(0.175**～0.867**)。研究结果为糙米矿质元素的基因定位克隆提供了有益的参考数据。     

Radiation damping in an anharmonic oscillator

The effect of radiation damping in an anharmonic oscillator has been calculated using the technique of Kryloff and Bogolituboff. It is found that the intensity distribution of the emitted spectral line is asymmetric about its intensity maximum. The index of asymmetry agree with the experimental data on x-rayK _{a 1,2}lines.     

Correlation dimension for paired discrete time series

We present a method for detecting the dimension of a dynamical system encompassing simultaneously two distinct discrete time series. This method is an extension of the technique introduced by Grassberger and Procaccia for single time series and allows to evaluate the common correlation dimension of the chaotic attractor. The method is applied to some mathematical models and to multiple single-neuron spike trains     

Chaotic principle: Some applications to developed turbulence

Some models for developed turbulence are considered; they are shown to obey a large-fluctuations theorem, and one of them also obeys a response reciprocity relation of Onsager type. This illustrates and extends ideas and techniques developed in earlier works mainly for nonequilibrium problems in statistical mechanics.