高温水中2,3-二氢喹唑啉-4(1H)-酮衍生物的合成反应研究

为发展绿色化学,减少化学反应中有毒害溶剂的使用,本文以高温水为溶剂,在未使用任何有机溶剂及催化剂的条件下,以2-氨基苯甲酰胺与醛为底物,成功合成了2,3-二氢喹唑啉-4(1H)-酮衍生物。研究了反应温度、反应时间及芳环上取代基对反应的影响。在摩尔比1∶1、温度为130℃、反应时间1h的优化条件下,收率为32. 4%～85. 7%。     

新型3,5-二取代1H-吲哚衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

新型抗肿瘤药物研究是全球药物开发的重点任务之一。鉴于前期我们发现3,5-二取代1H-吲哚衍生物具有明显抗胰腺癌活性,本文通过维尔斯迈尔-哈克反应、仲胺的叔丁氧羰基(Boc)保护、醛还原、羧酸与胺的缩合等反应获得了一条高效简洁的3-取代硫甲基-5-酰氨基吲哚衍生物合成路线,并合成了8个新化合物11a~11h。经细胞活性测试发现,它们对胰腺癌细胞株BxPC-3均有较好抑制活性,其中11e活性最高,IC_(50)为2.28μmol/L。对多种肿瘤细胞及人正常肝细胞HL-7702的抑制活性测试表明,11e为特异性BxPC-3抑制剂而非细胞毒化合物。鉴于此,11e可能是一个较好的抗胰腺癌苗头化合物,值得进一步深入研究。     

Conformational search and spectroscopic analysis of bis-β-d-glucopyranosyl azacrown derivative

1,10-N,N′-bis-(β-d-ureidoglucopyranosyl)-4,7,13-trioxa-1,10-diazacyclopentadecane is a new, recently synthesized compound, which exhibits complexation ability towards drugs. In the present study various theoretical methods, including molecular mechanics, computer simulations, semiempirical and DFT calculations, are applied to find the lowest energy conformers of this molecule in vacuo and in aqueous solution. For the most stable structures the vibrational frequencies as well as the C and H chemical shifts were computed. Along with the theoretical investigation the IR in the KBr discs and the NMR spectra in water and in pyridine were experimentally recorded. It is shown that in the lowest energy structures the two glucosyl units are placed on the same side of the diazacrown ring with their mutual orientations favoring formation of hydrogen bonds. The “open” structure, in which no such hydrogen bonds can be formed, is found to have much higher energy. The computed and measured IR spectra and NMR chemical shifts are compared and discussed in detail. The most stable structures are analyzed with respect to the possible mechanism of complexation of drugs.     

Strict inequalities for the derivatives of functions satisfying certain boundary conditions

For functions satisfying the boundary conditions

A Global Optimization Algorithm for Multivariate Functions with Lipschitzian First Derivatives

In this paper we propose a new multi-dimensional methodto solve unconstrained global optimization problems with Lipschitzianfirst derivatives. The method is based on apartition scheme that subdivides the search domain into a set of hypercubesin the course of optimization. This partitioning is regulated by thedecision rule that provides evaluation of the "importance"of each generated hypercube and selection of some partition element to performthe next iteration. Sufficient conditions of global convergence for the newmethod are investigated. Results of numerical experiments are alsopresented.     

Boundary Properties of Second-Order Partial Derivatives of the Poisson Integral for a Half-Space ℝk+1 + (k>1)

The boundary properties of second-order partial derivatives of the Poisson integral are studied for a half-space ^k+1 ₊.     

Conformational studies of substituted nitroanilines: geometry of 2-methyl-5-nitroaniline

The title compound (C₇H₈N₂O₂), is monoclinic, space group P2₁/n, witha=9.552(2),b=5.677(2),c=13.586(3)Å, =92.68(2)⁰, andD _x=1.374 g-cm^–3 forZ=4. The refinement converged toR=0.043,wR=0.038. The molecule is approximately planar, with dihedral angles of 3.7(2.1)⁰ between the amino group and the aromatic ring, and 3.2(2)⁰ between the nitro group and the ring. According to the UV spectrum in solution, the molecular geometry indicates weak intramolecular charge transfer. The three-dimensional structure is stabilized by three intermolecular H bonds. A bifurcated one induces the formation of chains along , while the other two link molecules that belong to adjacent chains and are related by an inversion center.     

Synthesis and X-ray structural analysis of (2<Emphasis Type="Italic">Z</Emphasis>)-3(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-pyridin-4-ylacrylonitrile and (2<Emphasis Type="Italic">Z</Emphasis>)-3-(3,5-di-<Emphasis Type="Italic">tert</Emphasis>-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)2-pyridin-4-ylacrylonitrile

Synthesis and X-ray structural investigations have been carried out for the two title compounds C₁₄H₁₀N₂O (3a) and C₂₂H₂₆N₂O (3b). Compound 3a crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c, with a = 3.843(1) Å, b = 24.618(5) Å, c = 11.318(2) Å, = 92.61(3), V = 1069.7(4) Å,³ and Z = 4. Compound 3b crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1, with a = 9.004(2) Å, b = 9.447(2) Å, c = 11.713(2) Å, = 76.70(3), = 83.12(3), = 82.16(3), V = 956.5(3) Å,³ and Z = 2. Both stilbazole derivatives have Z-geometry about the ethylene bridge which links the heterocyclic and aromatic rings. The molecular skeleton of 3a is slightly non-planar: the dihedral angles between the acrylonitrile linkage and the pyridine ring, and between this linkage and the p-hydroxyphenyl ring are 7.2(2) and 4.1(2), respectively. The molecular skeleton of 3b is less planar: the values of similar dihedral angles are 17.0(2) and 20.8(2), respectively. In the crystal of 3a, the molecules are packed in stacks along the a axis with head-to-head orientation. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds O=H s N and C=H s N link molecules into sheets parallel to (100) plane. In the crystals of 3b, the molecules have a head-to-tail orientation and intermolecular hydrogen bonds O=H s N link the molecules into infinite chains along [01-1] direction.     

Molecular structures of M(tfac)3 (M=Al, Co) and Cu(H2O)(fod)2: Examples of unusual supramolecular architecture

The molecular structures of Al(tfac)₃ (1), Co(tfac)₃ (2) (H-tfac = 1,1,1-trifluoroacetylacetone) and Cu(H₂O)(fod)₂ (3) (H-fod = 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-hepta-fluoro-7,7-dimethyloctane-4,6-dione) have been determined. The metal coordination spheres in compounds 1 and 2 are essentially the same as the respective M(acac)₃ derivatives. Despite the isomorphous nature of the structures of compounds 1 and 2, the identity of the nearest intermolecular van der Waals contacts are altered by minor changes in the metal coordination sphere. The geometry about copper in compound 3 is close to that of an ideal square bipyramid with the -diketonate ligands occupying the basal plane. The water ligand in each molecule of compound 3 is hydrogen bonded to an oxygen of a -diketonate ligand on an adjacent molecule resulting in the formation of dimers, which form rods along the y-axis due to weak C–F···Cu interactions. Crystal data: (1) orthorhombic, Pca2₁, a = 14.949(3), b = 19.806(4), c = 13.624(3) Å, V = 4033(1) ų, and Z = 8, and (2) orthorhombic, Pca2₁, a = 14.930(3), b = 19.620(4), c = 13.540(3) Å, V = 3966(1) ų, and Z = 8,; (3) monoclinic, P2₁/c, a = 12.447(3), b = 10.486(2) c = 21.980(4) Å, = 102.65(3)°, V = 2799(1) ų, and Z = 4.     

Conformations of 2-C:1-N-carbonyl-2-deoxy-d-glycopyranosylamines

Geometry and molecular conformation of theN-toluenesulfonyl1 andN-acetyl-2 derivatives of peracetylated 2-C:1-N-carbonyl-2-deoxy--d-glucopyranosylamine were investigated with the use of X-ray diffraction methods. Compound1 (C₂₀H₂₃NSO₁₀) crystallizes in the monoclinic P2₁ space group, withZ=2 anda=8.238(1),b=7.988(1),c=16.928(2)Å, =99.12(1)°. Compound2 (C₁₅H₁₉NO₉) crystallizes in orthorhombic P2₁2₁2₁ space group withZ=4 anda=8.385(1),b=8.550(1),c=24.000(2) Å. Analysis of differences in bond lengths and angles between compounds1 and2 and other compounds of this class showed that the electronwithdawing effect by the residue located at the nitrogen atom can be manifested by lengthening of the -lactam C-N bonds, with simultaneous shortening of the distance between two carbon atoms at the ring fusion. Semi-empirical calculations suggested that the title compounds displayed two positively charged centers, susceptible for attack of nucleophiles, one at the carbonyl group of -lactam and the second at the anomeric carbon atom. Atomic charges, however, calculated for compounds1 and2 did not explain their different reaction directions during alcoholysis.Part 3. For part 1 and 2, see Refs. 5 and 6.