论中学生化学元素观的建构

化学元素观是中学化学学习中的核心观念。化学元素观的建构有利于中学生对物质世界形成有序的认识,有利于中学生形成化学的思维方法。化学元素观建构的基本策略是:(1)在元素概念基础上形成物质的基本分类;(2)在原子结构认识的基础上理解元素是如何形成物质的;(3)在元素周期律学习的基础上形成元素性质研究的基本模型;(4)在专题性学习中建构化学元素观;(5)在元素观指导下的应用性学习中丰富元素观;(6)利用概念图技术帮助化学元素观的建构。     

Geometry,groceries, and gardens: Learning mathematics and social justice through a nested,equity-directed instructional approach

We addressed the call for explorations of how BIPOC students’ “experiences in secondary mathematics classrooms might advance transformative, equity-focused, pedagogical models” (Joseph et al., 2019, p. 149) by exploring how a nested, equity-directed approach created different kinds of opportunities for students to take up, shift, or resist what it means to teach, learn, and do mathematics. Specifically, we looked at efforts to engage equity-directed dominant and critical approaches through a series of three mathematics projects aimed at investigating food insecurity as a social (in)justice issue using geometry. Our analysis focused on a subset of data generated during three projects from different times of the year. Findings revealed that the teacher more readily enacted critical equity-directed practices than dominant ones; that students more readily embraced those critical practices; and that students expected their use of mathematics and exploration of social issues to align with authentic, real-world situations.     

高二学生“变化观念与平衡思想”素养表现的追踪评价——以化学反应原理模块为例

基于《普通高中化学课程标准(2017年版2020年修订)》和已有研究，明确了化学反应原理模块“变化观念与平衡思想”素养表现水平，基于水平构建了人教版化学反应原理模块各章的评价指标，通过Rasch模型优化形成了质量良好的评价工具。运用评价工具对470名高二学生开展5次追踪评价，获得了2 149个有效样本，分析高二学生在化学反应原理模块“变化观念与平衡思想”素养表现的变化情况和整体现状。     

Biological Effects of Black Phosphorus Nanomaterials on Mammalian Cells and Animals

The remarkable progress of applied black phosphorus nanomaterials (BPNMs) is attributed to BP's outstanding properties. Due to its potential for applications, environmental release and subsequent human exposure are virtually inevitable. Therefore, how BPNMs impact biological systems and human health needs to be considered. In this comprehensive Minireview, the most recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms and regulation factors of BPNMs’ endogenous toxicity to mammalian systems are presented. These achievements lay the groundwork for an understanding of its biological effects, aimed towards establishing regulatory principles to minimize the adverse health impacts.