类水滑石及其杂多阴离子柱撑物的合成与表面酸性研究

合成了一些类水滑石和过渡金属取代型杂多酸盐，并由此制备了相应杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石层柱材料。用ＸＲＤ，ＩＲ和元素分析等手段对合成产物进行组成和结构表征，用ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ，Ｐｙ－ＩＲ研究了合成产物的表面酸性和酸类型，并在异丙醇反应中考察了合成物的酸碱催化行为，结果表明，水滑石和柱撑水滑石均同时存在酸碱中心，且酸碱相对强度与柱阴离子类型密切相关。杂多阴离子进入水滑石层，同时改变了水滑石和杂多酸盐的酸强度     

液相色谱法测定DNA碱基比例及相关条件的优化

应用反相高效液相色谱法测定了鲑鱼精子ＤＮＡ的碱基组成比例，并就有关分析条件进行了优化选择。结果表明：在相关条件中，ＤＮＡ样品的水解条件、标准碱基溶液和ＤＮＡ水解液的ＰＨ值、液相色谱流动相的组成和ＰＨ值是影响各碱基色分离和峰形以及排除杂质干扰的主要因素，在优化选择的条件下测定，各碱基色谱峰分离完全、峰形好且不受杂质干扰，ＤＮＡ样品中各碱基加收量高。高检测信号衰减８倍时，各碱基的最小检测量低于５ｎｇ，     

Organocatalytic strategy for hydrophenolation of gem-difluoroalkenes

Gem-difluoroalkenes are an easily accessed fluorinated functional group, and a useful intermediate for elaborating into more complex fluorinated compounds. Currently, most functionalization reactions of gem-difluoroalkenes, with or without a transition metal-based catalyst system, involve the addition or removal of a fluorine atom to generate trifluorinated or monofluorinated products, respectively. In contrast, we present a complementary “fluorine-retentive” reaction that exploits an organocatalytic strategy to add phenols across gem-difluoroalkenes to deliver β,β-difluorophenethyl arylethers. The products are produced in good to moderate yields and selectivities, thus providing a range of compounds that are underrepresented in the synthetic and medicinal chemistry literature.     

Probabilistic model based error correction in a set of various mutant sequences analyzed by next-generation sequencing

To analyze the evolutionary dynamics of a mutant population in an evolutionary experiment, it is necessary to sequence a vast number of mutants by high-throughput (next-generation) sequencing technologies, which enable rapid and parallel analysis of multikilobase sequences. However, the observed sequences include many errors of base call. Therefore, if next-generation sequencing is applied to analysis of a heterogeneous population of various mutant sequences, it is necessary to discriminate between true bases as point mutations and errors of base call in the observed sequences, and to subject the sequences to error-correction processes. To address this issue, we have developed a novel method of error correction based on the Potts model and a maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimate of its parameters corresponding to the “true sequences”. Our method of error correction utilizes (1) the “quality scores” which are assigned to individual bases in the observed sequences and (2) the neighborhood relationship among the observed sequences mapped in sequence space. The computer experiments of error correction of artificially generated sequences supported the effectiveness of our method, showing that 50–90% of errors were removed. Interestingly, this method is analogous to a probabilistic model based method of image restoration developed in the field of information engineering.     

Independence over arbitrary sets in NSOP1 theories

We study Kim-independence over arbitrary sets. Assuming that forking satisfies existence, we establish Kim's lemma for Kim-dividing over arbitrary sets in an NSOP₁ theory. We deduce symmetry of Kim-independence and the independence theorem for Lascar strong types.     

Copper Schiff base functionalized polyaniline (Cu‐SB/PANI): A highly efficient polymer based organometallic catalyst for the synthesis of 2‐amino chromene derivatives

Copper Schiff Base functionalized Polyaniline (Cu‐SB/PANI) has been synthesized as an efficient, recyclable and heterogeneous polymer based organometallic catalyst by simple method. The catalyst has been well characterized with different spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, SEM/EDX, elemental mapping, XRD, TEM, TG, XPS, EPR and ICP‐AES analyses. The catalytic potential of the catalyst has been explored by synthesizing 2‐amino chromene derivatives. The catalyst efficiently catalyzed the reaction affording excellent yield of the products (95–97%) in very short reaction time period (6–8 min). The catalyst could be reused for five times with insignificant loss in catalytic activity.     

Risk measures on ordered non-reflexive Banach spaces

This work is devoted to the study of coherent and convex risk measure on non-reflexive Banach spaces. An extension of dual representation and continuity results which hold in the case of reflexive spaces is established in this paper for the class of non-reflexive Banach spaces. This study also relies on the fact that the riskless bond is replaced by some numeraire asset which defines a base on the cone of the spot-price functionals.     

Flat functions in Carleman ultraholomorphic classes via proximate orders

Whenever the defining sequence of a Carleman ultraholomorphic class (in the sense of H. Komatsu) is strongly regular and associated with a proximate order, flat functions are constructed in the class on sectors of optimal opening. As consequences, we obtain analogues of both Borel–Ritt–Gevrey theorem and Watson's lemma in this general situation.