Multi-segmental representations and approximation of set-valued functions with 1D images

In this work univariate set-valued functions (SVFs, multifunctions) with 1D compact sets as images are considered. For such a continuous SFV of bounded variation (CBV multifunction), we show that the boundaries of its graph are continuous, and inherit the continuity properties of the SVF. Based on these results we introduce a special class of representations of CBV multifunctions with a finite number of ‘holes’ in their graphs. Each such representation is a finite union of SVFs with compact convex images having boundaries with continuity properties as those of the represented SVF. With the help of these representations, positive linear operators are adapted to SVFs. For specific positive approximation operators error estimates are obtained in terms of the continuity properties of the approximated multifunction.     

一种提高分布式光纤测温系统空间分辨率的线性修正算法

由于分布式光纤喇曼测温系统带宽不足,导致系统的空间分辨率低;当光纤的感温区域长度接近空间分辨率的时候,系统温度响应幅值不够,导致测温不准.为解决此问题,本文提出了一种线性修正算法;在分析温度与喇曼比值关系及系统的频率响应特性的基础上,建立了该算法的数学模型,搭建了基于单模光纤的10km分布式测温系统,并利用该算法进行了相关测温实验.实验结果与理论分析一致,该算法能有效修正3～6m光纤的温度响应幅值,使系统测温准确度达1℃,测量时间为40s.本算法在不增加效系统成本的同时,克服了系统带宽不足,优化了空间分辨率、温度分辨率及测量时间.     

8 mm二次谐波回旋速调管非线性分析

 对8 mm二次谐波回旋速调管中的注-波互作用,进行了PIC模拟计算,得到了高频结构尺寸、电子注参数、聚焦磁场等参数对输出功率、效率和增益的影响规律。在磁场系数0.511 8,电子注电压70 kV,电子注电流约16 A,输入功率约80 W时,得到约430 kW的输出功率,电子转化效率38%,超过37 dB的增益,3 dB带宽超过210 MHz。     

DNAzyme-Catalyzed Site-Specific N-Acylation of DNA Oligonucleotide Nucleobases

We used in vitro selection to identify DNAzymes that acylate the exocyclic nucleobase amines of cytidine, guanosine, and adenosine in DNA oligonucleotides. The acyl donor was the 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl ester (TFPE) of a 5′-carboxyl oligonucleotide. Yields are as high as >95 % in 6 h. Several of the N-acylation DNAzymes are catalytically active with RNA rather than DNA oligonucleotide substrates, and eight of nine DNAzymes for modifying C are site-specific (>95 %) for one particular substrate nucleotide. These findings expand the catalytic ability of DNA to include site-specific N-acylation of oligonucleotide nucleobases. Future efforts will investigate the DNA and RNA substrate sequence generality of DNAzymes for oligonucleotide nucleobase N-acylation, toward a universal approach for site-specific oligonucleotide modification.     

Janus-Helmholtz换能器的弱辐射耦合机理与带宽特性

针对Janus-Helmholtz (JH)换能器频带内响应起伏较大、模态耦合机制尚不明确的问题,提出了振动模态声辐射独立建模方法。该方法建立换能器各个振动模的独立有限元模型,在仿真计算中将位移载荷直接加载在辐射面上,分析振动模的辐射声场。通过各个结果的对比分析,观察到JH换能器声辐射模态的弱耦合规律,最终给出JH换能器带宽特性的合理物理解释,即JH换能器在同一纵向振子激励下,由于不存在声输出明显干涉加强的模态耦合,因此难以得到通常意义上响应起伏小于3 dB的宽带工作性能。以控制工作频带内响应起伏较小为前提,将拓宽工作频带作为设计目标,优化设计了 JH换能器结构参数。实验中换能器样机的发射电压响应测试结果与仿真计算相吻合,实测谐振频率为1350 Hz与2450 Hz,谐振频率下发射电压响应分别为143 dB,141 dB,在频带1200~3300 Hz范围内响应起伏12 dB,最大声源级204 dB,实现了宽带大功率发射的特性。     

Display Selection of a Hybrid Foldamer–Peptide Macrocycle

Expanding the chemical diversity of peptide macrocycle libraries for display selection is desirable to improve their potential to bind biomolecular targets. We now have implemented a considerable expansion through a large aromatic helical foldamer inclusion. A foldamer was first identified that undergoes flexizyme-mediated tRNA acylation and that is capable of initiating ribosomal translation with yields sufficiently high to perform an mRNA display selection of macrocyclic foldamer–peptide hybrids. A hybrid macrocyclic nanomolar binder to the C-lobe of the E6AP HECT domain was selected that showed a highly converged peptide sequence. A crystal structure and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that both the peptide and foldamer are helical in an intriguing reciprocal stapling fashion. The strong residue convergence could be rationalized based on their involvement in specific interactions with the target protein. The foldamer stabilizes the peptide helix through stapling and through contacts with key residues. These results altogether represent a significant extension of the chemical space amenable to display selection and highlight possible benefits of inserting an aromatic foldamer into a peptide macrocycle for the purpose of protein recognition.     

西藏“一江两河”流域主栽品种青稞对土壤重金属的积累特性研究

农业环境重金属污染会带来潜在的农产品质量安全风险,不同品种的作物在重金属积累能力方面存在显著的差异,通过种植低富集品种可以一定程度阻断有毒重金属向人体转移的途径。西藏“一江两河”流域部分农田的重金属污染问题是当地迫切需要解决的问题,同时青稞是西藏地区主要的农作物之一。因此本研究选用目前“一江两河”流域广泛种植的9种不同的青稞品种为筛选对象,以汞(Hg)、铬(Cr)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)为主要参数对象,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)方法进行检测。通过该流域土壤中As的高含量证实了该地区存在的重金属污染情况,利用富集系数和转运系数分析分别筛选出一些低富集或低转运能力的青稞品种,最后结合聚类分析,确定藏青320品种是最适合“一江两河”流域推广种植,且具备根部重金属高积累,茎、叶、籽粒低积累特性的青稞品种。     

Statistical Inference for Partially Linear Regression Models with Measurement Errors

In this paper,the authors investigate three aspects of statistical inference for the partially linear regression models where some covariates are measured with errors.Firstly, a bandwidth selection procedure is proposed,which is a combination of the differencebased technique and GCV method.Secondly,a goodness-of-fit test procedure is proposed, which is an extension of the generalized likelihood technique.Thirdly,a variable selection procedure for the parametric part is provided based on the nonconcave penalization and corrected profile least squares.Same as＂Variable selection via nonconcave penalized likelihood and its oracle properties＂（J.Amer.Statist.Assoc.,96,2001,1348-1360）,it is shown that the resulting estimator has an oracle property with a proper choice of regularization parameters and penalty function.Simulation studies are conducted to illustrate the finite sample performances of the proposed procedures.