Two novel polycyclic spiro lignans from Gymnotheca involucrata

Two novel lignans, gymnothespirolignans A (1) and B (2), possessing a rare polycyclic spiro skeleton, were isolated from the endemic plant of Gymnotheca involucrata Pei. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic evidences and the absolute configurations were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 showed promising antiviral activities against RSV with an IC₅₀ value of 31.87 and 17.51 μM, respectively.     

An evaluation method based on absolute difference to validate the performance of SBNUC algorithms

Scene-based non-uniformity correction (SBNUC) algorithms are an important part of infrared image processing; however, SBNUC algorithms usually cause two defects: (1) ghosting artifacts and (2) over-correction. In this paper, we use the absolute difference based on guided image filter (AD-GF) method to validate the performance of SBNUC algorithms. We obtain a self-separation source using the improved guided image filter to process the input image, and use the self-separation source to obtain the space-high-frequency parts of the input image and the corrected image. Finally, we use the absolute difference between the two space-high-frequency parts as the evaluation result. Based on experimental results, the AD-GF method has better robustness and can validate the performance of SBNUC algorithms even if ghosting artifacts or over-correction occur. Also the AD-GF method can measure how SBNUC algorithms perform in the time domain, it’s an effective evaluation method for SBNUC algorithm.     

基于机械-化学的方法在硅表面制造功能化结构

"利用机械与化学结合的方法在芳烃重氮盐溶液中用金刚石刀具切削硅片,使得芳香烃分子和硅之间以共价键连接,实现了对硅片的"成形并功能化"的一步完成．研究了在大气环境如何利用金刚石刀具在硅表面加工出表面质量较好的微结构,为下一步在溶液中"成形并功能化"硅提供好的基底．在溶液中对硅表面进行可控自组装实验,初步研究了切削速度和组装时间对切削处生成自组装膜质量的影响,总结出较适合膜生长的参数．用X射线光电子能谱对自组装膜进行了检测,用扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜对自组装膜的表面形貌进行了表征,并用原子力显微镜对自     

Operational risk: Emerging markets,sectors and measurement

The role of decision support systems in mitigating operational risks in firms is well established. However, there is a lack of investment in decision support systems in emerging markets, even though inadequate operational risk management is a key cause of discouraging external investment. This has also been exacerbated by insufficient understanding of operational risk in emerging markets, which can be attributed to past operational risk measurement techniques, limited studies on emerging markets and inadequate data.     

A novel graphene nanoribbon field effect transistor with two different gate insulators

In this paper, a novel structure for a dual-gated graphene nanoribbon field-effect transistor (GNRFET) is offered, which combines the advantages of high and low dielectric constants. In the proposed Two Different Insulators GNRFET (TDI-GNRFET), the gate dielectric at the drain side is a material with low dielectric constant to form smaller capacitances, while in the source side, there is a material with high dielectric constant to improve On-current and reduce the leakage current. Simulations are performed based on self-consistent solutions of the Poisson equation coupled with Non-Equilibrium Green's Function (NEGF) formalism in the ballistic regime. We assume a tight-binding Hamiltonian in the mode space representation. The results demonstrate that TDI-GNRFET has lower Off-current, higher On-current and higher transconductance in comparison with conventional low-K GNRFET. Furthermore, using a top-of-the-barrier two-dimensional circuit model, some important circuit parameters are studied. It is found that TDI-GNRFET has smaller capacitances, lower intrinsic delay time and shorter power delay product (PDP) in comparison with high-K GNRFET. Moreover, mobile charge and average velocity are improved in comparison with low dielectric constant GNRFET. The results show that the TDI-GNRFET can provide Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) and Subthreshold Swing near their theoretical limits.     

Influence of Gd doping on the absolute quantum efficiency and lifetime of EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens

Absolute quantum yield （Ф） is one of the most important parameters to evaluate the potential of novel materials. Lanthanide complexes EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are synthesized with the ratio of Gd3＋ dopant concentration ranging from 10% to 90% to improve the absolute quantum yield. EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens possess similar infrared and ultraviolet spectra, showing that they have similar molecular structures. The absolute emission quantum yields of EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are determined using a fluoromax-4 spectrofluorometer equipped with an integrating sphere. The fluorescence lifetimes of the EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are measured in the same experiment. It was found that both absolute quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes of EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are of quasi-periodic variation with the change of the Gd3. dopant concentrations. The absolute quantum efficiency and fluorescence lifetime vary with respect to the Gd content in an opposite fashion, indicating that the rate of energy absorption by the EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens and the conversion to light energy is critical for the absolute quantum efficiency. The radiative rate constant Kr and non-radiative rate constant Knr are calculated. The dependence of Kr and Knr on the Gd3＋ dopant concentrations is very similar to that of absolute quantum efficiency. The radiation rate constant Kr and absolute quantum efficiency have a linear relationship.     

基于离散小波变换的蛋白质结构、功能与进化关系延时交叉相关分析

基于氨基酸的疏水特性, 将离散小波变换与延时交叉相关分析相结合, 提出了一种分析蛋白质结构、功能和进化关系的新方法——序列小波层次相关法. 以丝氨酸蛋白酶超家族中Trypsin种属为研究对象, 描述了该方法在揭示不同物种的Trypsin蛋白质进化关系中的应用; 以蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶、血红蛋白和溶菌酶为例, 采用该方法揭示了蛋白质之间功能与序列的内在关系. 该方法为非参数方法, 具有简单、直观、可视和可操作性强等特点, 且不需要事先知道蛋白质的结构, 仅从蛋白质的氨基酸序列出发即可比较和揭示蛋白质之间的关系.     

靶向分子羧甲基多糖与DNA作用机理研究

以溴化乙锭(EB)为荧光探针,结合紫外光谱法研究了壳聚糖、羧甲基壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素与DNA的相互作用,药物分子与DNA作用程度可用作用常数D来表示,实验表明: 几种生物多糖与DNA分子的作用强弱顺序为: 壳聚糖＞羧甲基壳聚糖＞羧甲基纤维素;多糖主要以嵌插方式与DNA作用, 使EB-DNA荧光猝灭。     

嵌入Y型分子筛中钯簇合成与结构的研究

Pd clusters encaged in Y-zeolite (Pd0Y) have been prepared by means of exchanging zeolite HY with [Pd(NH3)4]2+ under microwave radiation. The product formed was deaminized by heating, washed sufficiently with de-ionized water and reduced with hydrogen. The crystal phase diffraction of Pd was not found in the XRD spectrogram of Pd0y. According to polycrystal X-ray diffraction data. Radial Electron Distribution Function (REDF) of Pd0Y was calculated to elucidate the structure of Pd cluster. The results show that the Pd clusters are of the Al type closely packed arrangement. The dimension of them is about 12 Å. They are encaged in the supercage of zeolite Y. Their occupancy on the supercage is as small as 0.06 so that the framework structure of zeolite Y is unchanged. Therefore, the high dispersing Pd cluster aggregating in supercage exhibit strong catalytic effect. The CO-conversion of Pd0Y with Pd 0.72% and 6.13% (in mass fraction) is 67 % and 100 % (in volume fraction) respectively. Evaluation conditions:
mixed gas containing 0.02% CO and air,
space velocity 3000 h-1,
reaction temperature 0 ℃.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法绝对分析

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)绝对分析近年来得到了较显著的发展,其主要原因是由于GFAAS中基体干扰问题获得了解决;用以描述GFAAS性能的特征质量MOE值相对稳定;以及用L’vov提出的计算MOT值的式子算出的32个元素的MOT值已比较接近其实验MOE值。大量数据表明完全有可能实现GFAAS绝对分析。