多巴及其衍生物黏附性的研究与应用进展

多巴(DOPA)是海洋贻贝等生物分泌黏液的重要组成部分,它具有很强的黏附性,不仅可以黏附在无机材料表面,也可以黏附在有机材料表面。进一步的研究表明,含邻苯二酚基团的多巴类衍生物同样具有与多巴相类似的强黏附性,由此发展起来的聚多巴胺涂层在诸多领域已得到应用。基于上述研究成果,科学家们将多巴及其衍生物引入高分子中,得到了一系列黏附性能强的仿生高分子,在各领域也已得到应用。本文综述了多巴及其衍生物黏附机理的研究和它们在各领域的应用现状。     

Effect of the cell type and cell density on the binding of living cells to a silica particle: an atomic force microscope study

We used the atomic force microscope to study how the cell type and the density of cells adsorbed at a substrate can affect the adhesion between a living cell and a model drug delivery system (DDS) carrier nano-particle. We used three different anchorage-dependent cells, i.e., a living mouse fibroblast cell (L929), a living human colon cancer cell (Caco2), and a living mouse malignant melanoma cell (B16F10). For the DDS model nano-particle, we used a silica colloid. In order to correlate the adhesion force with the cell types, the growth curve of the cells were determined with a haemocytometer. The shapes of the cells at the different stages were monitored by light microscopy, and the morphology of their surfaces obtained by tapping mode atomic force microscopy.

Force measurements showed that the Caco2 cell bound little to a silica particle, regardless of the cell density. The L929 cell bound well to a silica particle for low and high cell densities. The B16F10 cell bound little to a silica particle for low cell densities, but bound well for high cell densities. AFM images showed that the L929 cell did not contain folds. The B16F10 cells, however, displayed folds in the cell surface for low cell densities, but no folds in the cell for high cell densities. As literature also reported that the Caco2 cell contains folds, these results suggested that cells with folds showed less adhesion to a silica particle than cells without folds. The presence of folds in the cell presumably decreased the number of sites on the cell that could hydrogen bond or undergo van der Waals binding with the silanol groups of the silica particle.     

How acoustic cavitation can improve adhesion

In general, ultrasound is commonly used at low power level for non-destructive testing (NDT) and detection of delaminations in adhesive bonded structures. The present paper instead presents an approach where power ultrasound is used to improve interface formation prior to the bonding process and to ensure the quality of adhesive bonds by using acoustic cavitation in the liquid adhesive.Results from high-speed videos, rheological and thermal measurements and destructive testing of adhesive bonds with contaminated surfaces are presented and discussed. Power ultrasound can be used in general to improve adhesion and significantly to improve contamination tolerance and robustness of adhesive bonding processes.     

The effect of pretreatment on adhesive strength of Cu-plated liquid crystal polymer (LCP)

Copper metallization on LCP was carried out by means of electroless plating followed by electroplating and the effect of pretreatment on the adhesive strength of the Cu-plated LCP was investigated in detail. Compared with the other etching agents used here, potassium permanganate was found to be the most effective and the optimum etching time is 20 min. With potassium permanganate as the etching agent, the adhesive strength could reach 12.08 MPa, which is much higher than the reported maximum adhesive strength (lower than 8.0 MPa). XPS spectra of LCP film indicated that hydrophilic groups were introduced into the LCP surface by etching, creating a nanometer-scale surface roughness and improving the wettability between copper and LCP. SEM and AFM observations revealed that the distinctly increased adhesive strength could be attributed to the improved wetting and the mechanical interlocking effect. The failure mode of Cu-plated LCP film was found to be dependent on the etching time. When the etching time was short, the failure mode of Cu-plated LCP film was mainly adhesive. As the etching time increased, cohesive failure gradually occurred, causing an adhesive/cohesive mixed failure mode.     

Two-dimensional model of vesicle adhesion on curved substrates

We develop a two dimensional model of a vesicle adhered on a curved substrate via long-range molecular interactions while subjected to a detachment force. The relationship between the force and displacement of the vesicle is investigated as a function of the substrate shape. It is shown that both the force– displacement relationship and the maximum force at pull-off are significantly dependent on the substrate shape. The results suggest that probes with different tip shapes may be designed for cell manipulation. For example, we demonstrate that a vesicle can be pulled off a flat surface using a probe with a curved tip.The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10525210 and 10121202) and the 973 Program.     

Fabrication of Photoprocessable Materials via Photopolymerization Using an Acid-Induced Photocleavable Platinum-Acetylide Crosslinker

Photopolymerization and photoprocessing are core technologies for molding and tuning polymer materials. However, they are incompatible with single materials owing to their contradictory photoreactivity. Herein, an acid-induced photocleavable crosslinker, a platinum–acetylide complex covered by permethylated cyclodextrins, enables the fabrication of photoprocessable materials via photopolymerization with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide. The polymer networks are molded by 365 nm irradiation as well as softened and degraded by a cooperative reaction with HCl as an acidic additive under 365 nm UV light, or 470 nm visible light in the presence of a photosensitizer. Moreover, the crosslinker is applied to a photoadhesive triggered by 365 nm irradiation. The adhesion is detachable on-demand through acid-induced photodegradation with the same wavelength and intensity of irradiation. Thus, acid-induced photocleavage allows the integration of light-induced molding and processing under various lights of various wavelengths, opening up new strategies for polymer technologies.