钙钛矿型La_((1 x)/2)Sr_((1-x)/2)Co_(1-x)Cu_xO_3催化CO氧化活性与表征

研究了钙钛矿型LaSrCoCu_xO_3催化剂对CO氧化反应的催化活性及其表面氧的催化作用．结果表明，x＝0．4的催化剂对CO氧化具有最高催化活性，常压及本实验条件下CO完全氧化的最低温度为168℃；催化剂均为氧缺陷化合物，吸附于表面晶格氧缺陷上的吸附氧是CO氧化反应的活性氧物种；并发现催化剂中存在有非常价态的C04 ，认为CO氧化反应是通过吸附氧调变Co3 和Co4 价态而进行．     

活性炭分离-桑色素荧光法测定天然水中痕量铍

在溴化十四烷基吡啶存在下,铬天菁S与铍生成三元胶束络合物。在pH10.0氨～氯化铵缓冲介质中,活性炭定量吸附此络合物,用热盐酸洗脱铍,可与其他干扰离子分离,用桑色素荧光法进行测定。该法用于测定美国EPA标准水样和天然水中的痕量铍,结果令人满意。     

烯烃氢甲酰化催化剂活性物种的原位1H NMR研究

The rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst Rh(CO)(acac)(PPh3)(Ⅰ) for 1-hexene hydroformylation was studied under the following reaction conditions: CO/H2=1(mole rate), pressure 1.0 MPa, temperature 25-120℃, by using the pressurized in-situ 1H NMR technique. Experimental results indicated that the formation of a rhodium hydride complex from (Ⅰ) began at room temperature and its amount increased with increasing of reaction temperature. This intermediate complex began to decompose at 100℃ and disapeared completely at 120℃. The intensity change of the proton signal was parallel to catalytical activity in hydroformylation of olefins. Under pure CO pressure the proton signal of Ph-H bond was not observed. There was a 0.2 ppm difference in proton chemical shifts of Rh-H bond under pure H2 pressure and under H2+CO pressure. The results showed that the rhodium-hydride carbonyl complex is the active intermediate in the industrial hydroformylation process.     

可见光辐射下富勒烯[60]–氧化铁复合催化剂的制备及光芬顿法降解有机污染物研究（英文）

采用简单的可升级的化学浸渍法,将Fe_2O_3掺杂到富勒烯[60](C_(60))上,制得C_(60)-Fe_2O_3纳米复合材料.采用了粉末X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电镜、高分辨透射电镜、紫外-可见吸收光谱、拉曼光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱,对其进行了表征.结果发现,XPS数据中,Fe2p_(3/2)和Fe2p_(1/2)的XPS特征峰分别位于结合能710.9和724.1 eV处,对应Fe_2O_3的Fe~(3+).富勒烯颗粒均匀分散在Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒表面,Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒的平均尺寸大约为20–30 nm;Fe_2O_3对于可见光只有微弱的吸收,而制备出的C_(60)-Fe_2O_3纳米复合材料对于可见光有较强的吸收响应.本文将C_(60)-Fe_2O_3纳米复合光催化材料用于光催化降解50 mL,20mg/l MB和50 mL,10 mg/L苯酚实验.结果发现,在双氧水存在下和可见光(420 nm)辐射条件下,C_(60)-Fe_2O_3对上述有机污染物均有较好的降解效果.通过测定上述有机物的削减程度,评估了C_(60)-Fe_2O_3催化剂的光催化活性,通过改变实验条件,得到可见光/C_(60)-Fe_2O_3/双氧水体系的最佳光催化降解条件:在pH值为3.06~10.34的范围内,投加0.02 g催化剂,5 mol/L双氧水.结果表明,在最佳条件下,亚甲基蓝在80min内脱色率能达到98.9%,矿化率能达到71%.浸出实验的结果表明,C_(60)-Fe_2O_3复合光催化剂中的铁浸出量可以忽略不计.经过5次循环使用后,C_(60)-Fe_2O_3复合光催化剂仍具有较高的光催化活性.为了进一步验证C_(60)-Fe_2O_3复合光催化剂的应用广泛性,本文在可见光/C_(60)-Fe_2O_3/双氧水体系下,开展了降解RhB,MO和苯酚的试验,结果发现,该催化剂它们也具有高的降解效果.机理研究发现,C_(60)-Fe_2O_3复合光催化剂的高效催化能力可归因于C_(60)和Fe_2O_3的协同效应:在可见光辐射下,由于C_(60)具有独特的光敏性特征,能够接收电子并把它们转移到Fe_2O_3的Fe3d轨道,并通过一系列反应,达到Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)循环平衡.利用活性组分捕集实验,对光催化反应过程中的主要活性氧化剂进行了区分.结果表明,羟基自由基在整个过程中发挥了最主要的作用.     

HA型大孔吸附树脂及活性炭对胆红素吸附性能的研究

本文选用HA型大孔吸附剂对患者血中胆红素进行了动态、静态吸附性能实验,考察了其对血液生化的影响。同时,用瑞典GAMBRO肾罐中活性炭进行了比较,实验结果表明,HA吸附剂对直接胆红素的吸附功效与进口活性基本相同,但血液生化指标HA吸附剂优于活性炭。     

Radial sample load distribution under overload conditions: Analytical scale columns

The homogeneity of the sample load across the radial cross section of analytical scale columns was determined when operating under overload conditions. The study was performed using active flow technology columns operating in parallel segmentation mode. The outlet segmentation ratio was varied to enable different volume fractions of mobile phase, and thus sample, to elute from the peripheral and central flow regions of the column. The amount of solute exiting the peripheral and radial central exit ports was determined as a function of the flow segmentation ratio. The experimental data using an analytical scale column with dimensions, 100?×?4.6?mm, indicated that the sample load distribution was essentially uniform as a function of the column radial cross section.     

Neue acetonylsubstituierte Azole I. 5-Acetonyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole

Aliphatic amidoximesR—C (NH₂)=NOH react with diketene to yield 5-acetonyl-3-alkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles, which are susceptible to a wide variety of reactions at the keto-group as well as at the methylene-group. Their transformations into 1-methyl-2-oxadiazolyl-vinylN,N-dimethylcarbamates, 2-chloro-1-oxadiazolylpropenes, 1-oxadiazolyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propenes, 1,1-dichloro-1-oxadiazolylacetones and 3-hydroxy-2-oxadiazolyl-crotonic amides are described as well as their reactions with diazonium salts, with sodium nitrite and with carbon disulfide. Further products obtained are carbamates of of 1-oxadiazolyl-2-oxo-propane-1-oximes, 2-chloro-2-oxadiazolylvinyl phosphates and an oxadiazolyl pyrimidine.

Herrn Prof. Dr.Klaus Weissermel zu seinem 60. Geburtstag.     

丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液自交联反应的研究

本文研究了含环氧基的丙烯酸酯四元共聚物乳液交联后的溶胀度、自交联反应及动力学.结果表明:交联共聚物的溶胀度Q随甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯单体含量的增加而降低,共聚物在受热的情况下,环氧基因在羧基的作用下开环而发生交联反应,产生网状结构.     

Active sound control in composite regions

In active sound control, noise shielding of a target region is achieved via additional sources (called controls) situated at the perimeter of the region. The sources protect the target region by adjusting the acoustic field near the boundary of the region. In the present paper a numerical model of active sound control based on surface potentials in 3D bounded composite regions is numerically studied. In the composite region setup, it is required that the regions be shielded from noise while allowing admissible sound that is generated in the shielded regions to be preserved. The admissible sound is usually required to propagate freely inside the protected regions or in a (selective) predetermined pattern. The adjusting approach used here does not require any knowledge of the sound sources or the properties of the propagation medium in order to obtain the controls. Moreover, the approach differs sharply from some other approaches where the detailed knowledge of the sound sources and the propagation medium is required. For the first time, numerical test cases involving both free communication and predetermined communication pattern between the regions in three dimensions are considered. In all test cases, these regions are effectively shielded from the noise while any present admissible sound is preserved. In addition, selective propagation of the admissible sound between the regions is enforced. The effect of the number of controls on their operation is also studied. Whether admissible sound is present or not, the level of noise cancellation decreases linearly as fewer controls are used. In addition to the increase in size of the interference zone, the controls become individually distinguishable.     

A feasible SQP method for nonlinear programming

In this paper, a new SQP algorithm is presented to solve the general nonlinear programs with mixed equality and inequality constraints. Quoted from P. Spellucci (see [9]), this method maybe be named sequential equality constrained quadratic programming (SECQP) algorithm. Per single iteration, based on an active set strategy ( see [9]), this SECQP algorithm requires only to solve equality constrained quadratic programming subproblems or system of linear equations. The theoretical analysis shows that global and superlinear convergence can be induced under some suitable conditions.