Ultra-violet excited laser emission in Na2

Laser emission at different wavelengths in the range of 903–914 nm and around 2.5 m has been observed upon excitation of Na₂ by uv radiation from an excimer laser at 351 nm and an excimer pumped dye laser in this wavelength range. The emission is attributed to a cascade emission followed by . In addition, coupled with the laser emission around 910 nm, broad-band fluorescence peaking around 855.5 nm is observed which, eventually, may be the first observation of the bound-free transition in Na₂.     

Laser-selective enrichment of 3d-states of the Ca II ion for detecting rare radioactive isotope calcium-41

For the detection of the rare radioactive isotope⁴¹Ca, the possibilities of the earlier-proposed initial-state enrichment by continuous-wave laser radiation are examined. It is shown that the enrichment 10¹⁴ of 3d-states of the ion Ca II can be reached. As the method of enriched-state detection, the process of resonant charge exchange is analysed. For a further increase of the selectivity, the repetition of the cycle initial state enrichment plus resonant charge exchange is discussed.     

Conditional solubility versus pO2− of cerium(III) oxide in molten equimolar NaCl+KCl at 727°C

Reactions between cerium trichloride and oxide ions were studied in NaCl+KCl (1/1) at 1000°K, by potentiometry with a calcia-stabilized zirconia membrane electrode. Titration curves clearly demonstrated the existence of soluble cerium oxychloride (CeO⁺) and precipitated cerium oxide (Ce₂O₃), with respective dissociation constants 10^?11 and 10^?30 (molality scale). The corresponding conditional solubility diagram {log S (Ce^III)=f(pO^2?)} is presented and discussed.     

Beobachtung des Stickstoffstoffwechsels bei Leguminosen mittels 15N

Es war Ziel dieser Arbeit, zu ermitteln, welchen Einfluß höhere Dosen von Stickstoffdüngemitteln in Form von KNO₃ auf die Menge des in der Pflanze fixierten Luftstickstoffs haben. Als Versuchspflanze wählten wir Pferdebohnen (Vicia faba, Chlumetzer Abart) wegen ihrer vielseitigen Verwendung in der Landwirtschaft und ihrer besonderen experimentellen Eignung.     

Measurement of angular distribution of M shell fluorescent X-rays excited by 5·95 keV photons in thorium

The differential cross-sections for the emission of M shell fluorescent X-rays from Th by 5·95 keV photons at eight angles ranging from 50° to 120° have been measured. The differential cross-section is found to decrease with increase in the emission angle showing anisotropic spatial distribution of M shell fluorescent X-rays. The present results contradict the predictions of the calculations of Cooper and Zare [1] that the atomic inner shell vacancy states produced in photoionization are not aligned but confirm those of Fluggeet al [2] and Scofield [3] that the vacancy states withJ > 1/2 are aligned. The integral M shell fluorescent emission cross sections have been determined from the measured angular distribution coefficients and compared with theoretical integral cross-sections calculated by using theoretical values of M subshell photoionization cross-sections, fluorescence yields and coster kronig transition probabilities available in literature. The experimental and theoretical values of integral crosssections show a reasonable agreement.     

Fermionic stochastic differential equations and the index of Fredholm operators

The index of a Fredholm operator associated to a-summable Fredholm module is expressed in terms of the vacuum expectation value of a unitary operator-valued stochastic process which satisfies a stochastic differential equation with unbounded coefficients driven by fermion noise.     

Quasi-classical limit of Toda hierarchy andW-infinity symmetries

Previous results on quasi-classical limit of the KP hierarchy and itsW-infinity symmetries are extended to the Toda hierarchy. The Planck constant now emerges as the spacing unit of difference operators in the Lax formalism. Basic notions, such as dressing operators, Baker-Akhiezer functions, and tau function, are redefined.W _{1 +} symmetries of the Toda hierarchy are realized by suitable rescaling of the Date-Jimbo-Kashiara-Miwa vertex operators. These symmetries are contracted tow _{1 +} symmetries of the dispersionless hierarchy through their action on the tau function.     

In situ identification of organic components of ink used in books from the 1900s by atmospheric pressure matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry

Transport of N, O, and Ti during dc magnetron sputtering deposition of nanoscopic TiN/Ti and TiN structures on plasma nitrided M2 tool steel, as well as transport of metallic species composing the plasma nitrided steel substrates were investigated. N and O depth distributions were determined with subnanometric resolution using narrow resonant nuclear reaction profiling, whereas Ti was profiled, also with subnanometric depth resolution, by medium energy ion scattering. The surface elementary compositions of the TiN/Ti/nitrided steel and TiN/nitrided steel structures were determined by low energy ion scattering. The chemical compounds formed during deposition were accessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, indicating the presence of TiN, TiO₂, Ti oxynitrides, as well as other metallic nitrides and oxynitrides, but no metallic Ti was observed. Owing to the observed intensive atom mobility, the compositions of the deposited films on plasma nitrided steel structures varied continuously on a nanoscopic scale, from the core of the steel substrate to the bulk of the stoichiometric TiN films. The Ti interlayer assists interdiffusion of all species, in contrast to the TiN film layer, which is known to be a diffusion barrier. The improved adhesion of TiN hard coatings to plasma nitrided steel under working conditions is discussed in terms of the gradual compositional change around the interfaces and the atomic mobility during their formation.     

Probing the discrete motion of vortices with rf excitations

In this work we present experimental results on the rectification of vortices in a superconductor/ferromagnet system under a high frequency drive. The two-dimensional pinning landscape, induced by the stray fields of the ferromagnetic template, has no intrinsic asymmetry. Nevertheless, an asymmetric potential is artificially induced by an applied dc bias. The experimental results unambiguously show a biased, discrete motion of the vortices in the periodic potential at frequencies above 10 MHz. This synchronized motion is very sensitive to the external applied field. Increasing temperature leads to a reduction of the pinning potential, which in turn results in a lower ac power needed to drive the vortex lattice.