双扫描激光雷达精细探测低层大气气溶胶方法

为实现水平非均匀分布的低层大气气溶胶光学特性的遥感探测,提出一种基于双扫描激光雷达的气溶胶精细探测方法.该方法以扫描激光雷达为遥感探测工具,通过双激光雷达相向交叉扫描工作模式,实现对同一空域近地表气溶胶全视野剖面的交叉探测,从而提供双激光雷达方程组以精确求解气溶胶消光和后向散射系数.在数据反演过程中,通过对交叉扫描区域进行坐标化和网格化处理、网格像素单元的初值预设,以及双扫描激光雷达方程组的数值逼近反演得到气溶胶消光.利用长距离扫描激光雷达的数据对该方法进行验证,结果表明,该方法与多角度方法反演所得到的结果随高度变化的趋势具有高度的一致性;同时双扫描激光雷达可提供交叉扫描区域剖面的气溶胶浓度分布,相比于单条廓线具有较大的优势.     

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对EAST中性束反向注入过程中等离子体加热和电流驱动进行了实验研究,并采用了美国普林斯顿大学等离子体物理实验室开发的TRANSP程序对高功率中性束注入过程中能量热输运进行了分析.结果表明,中性束注入可有效提高本底等离子体温度,产生束驱动非感应电流,提高等离子体旋转以及有效改善等离子体约束.     

A fractal approach to low velocity non-Darcy flow in a low permeability porous medium

In this paper, the mechanism for fluid flow at low velocity in a porous medium is analyzed based on plastic flow of oil in a reservoir and the fractal approach. The analytical expressions for flow rate and velocity of non-Newtonian fluid flow in the low permeability porous medium are derived, and the threshold pressure gradient （TPG） is also obtained. It is notable that the TPG （J） and permeability （K） of the porous medium analytically exhibit the scaling behavior J ~ K-D＇r/（l＋Or）, where DT is the fractal dimension for tortuous capillaries. The fractal characteristics of tortuosity for capillaries should be considered in analysis of non-Darcy flow in a low permeability porous medium. The model predictions of TPG show good agreement with those obtained by the available expression and experimental data. The proposed model may be conducible to a better understanding of the mechanism for nonlinear flow in the low permeability porous medium.     

基于局部放电理论的聚合物电介质击穿动力学理论研究

随着电力设备电压等级的提高,对电力设备中聚合物电介质材料的可靠性提出了更加严格的要求,然而由于聚合物电介质材料在生产制造过程中不可避免的存在气泡、杂质等缺陷,导致在高电场作用下会发生局部放电从而大大降低了电力设备的使用寿命.因此,为了预防和减少电力设备中因聚合物电介质材料老化所带来的事故,需要合理地估算其电老化寿命.本文从局部放电老化模型的微观机理出发,利用非平衡态统计理论建立了电裂纹不断扩展的随机微分方程,然后推导出聚合物电介质的击穿概率、可靠性以及电老化寿命与外加电场的函数关系.最后,对聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyetllyleneterephthalate,PET)薄膜材料进行具体分析,将电老化寿命公式的理论值与实验数据作了比较,发现实验数据与理论值较为相符.因此,本文推导的聚合物电介质电老化寿命公式可以有效地应用在定量分析中,并有望为材料的电寿命预测提供帮助.     

非零位检测凸非球面反射镜的研究

在简要总结各种检测凸非球面方法优缺点的基础上,提出了利用部分补偿法和子孔径拼接干涉检测凸非球面的新方法。分别研究和分析了这两种非零位检测非球面方法的基本原理和基础理论;设计并制作了部分补偿器件,并对其系统误差进行了标定;开发了综合优化和误差均化的子孔径拼接算法;设计并研制了两种方法都适用的检测装置。并结合实例对一口径为130 mm的碳化硅凸非球面分别进行了部分补偿检测和子孔径拼接测量,这两种方法测量所得的全口径面形分布是一致的,其PV值和RMS值的偏差仅为0.010 和 0.002 (=0.632 8 m)。从而提供了两种非零位补偿测试凸非球面的手段。     

R410A在水平内螺纹管中沸腾换热实验研究

对于非共沸混合制冷剂R410A在外径9.52mm、5mm的两种不同的几何参数的内螺纹的流动沸腾换热进行了实验研究,分析讨论了制冷剂质量流速、管外水流量变化、强化管的参数、强化管的压降对换热系数影响以及其机理。试验的结果表明:换热系数随着流量的增大而增大,管径的大小对换热系数的影响较大,在相同的流量下,9.52mm的换热系数比5mm的大到110%~230%,5mm管的压降比9.52mm的大200%~300%。     

基于电磁耦合机构的非接触电能传输系统

基于非接触电能传输技术的研究,设计了非接触电能传输系统的供电机构、耦合机构和受电机构三大基本模块。对系统的整流滤波和高频逆变电路进行了仿真实验,整流输出电压波动小于6%,谐振逆变电路输出信号频率达1000Hz以上。采用低频信号发生器作为供电机构对系统进行了性能测试,给出了500Hz下的空气间隙与电压传输效率的实验关系曲线,随空气间隙增大,电压传输效率降低。     

Homotopy Analysis Approach to Periodic Solutions of a Nonlinear Jerk Equation

The homotopy analysis method is applied to seek periodic solutions of a nonlinear jerk equation involving the third-order time-derivative. The periodic solutions can be approximated via an analytical series. An auxiliary parameter is introduced to control the convergence region of the solution series. Two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the homotopy analysis approach. The examples indicate that, by choosing a proper value of the auxiliary parameter, the first few terms in the solution series yield excellent results.     

Grey Self-similar Solitary Waves in Inhomogeneous Nonlinear Media

This paper analyzes spatial grey self-similar solitary waves propagation and collision in graded-index nonlinear waveguide amplifiers with self-focusing and self-defocusing Kerr nonlinearities. New exact self-similar solutions are found using a novel transformation and their main features are investigated by using direct computer simulations.     

Some Magnetized Bulk Viscous String Cosmological Models in Cylindrically Symmetric Inhomogeneous Universe with Variable ∧-Term

Some cylindrically symmetric inhomogeneous viscous fluid string cosmological models with magnetic field and cosmological term A varying with time are investigated. To get the deterministic solution, it has been assumed that the expansion （θ） in the model is proportional to the eigen value σ^11 of the shear tensor σ^ij. The value of cosmological constant for the model is found to be small and positive, which is supported by the results from recent supernovae Ia observations. The effect of bulk viscosity is to produce a change in perfect fluid and hence exhibits essential influence on the character of the solution. The physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed in presence and absence of magnetic field.