二组分混合物的最小流化特性

分析且分混合物的３种混合／分离状态及在完全混合时发生连续相转变的极限组成。提出一修养国非等密度体系混合／分离状态的法则与确定混合物空隙率简易可行的随意松散堆积方法。     

铈离子与氨基甲酸酯类化合物引发丙烯酰胺聚合的研究

本文对铈离子与苯基氨基甲酸酯类化合物在H_2O-CH_3CN(3∶1,V/V)及H_2O-HCONH_2(1∶2,V/V)两种介质中引发丙烯酰胺的聚合进行了研究。考察了不同结构的苯基氨基甲酸酯对聚合的影响。苯基氨基甲酸酯类化合物对铈离子引发聚合均有促进作用,其中对-甲苯基氨基甲酸酯的促进作用最为显著。测定了聚合反应表现活化能及聚合动力学方程,并提出了聚合反应机理。     

Mechanisms and Kinetics of Reactions of the O（^1D,^3P） ＋ CF3Cl System

In the stratosphere,CF3Cl(CFC13)can either photodecompose or react directly with atomic oxygen to generate ozone-depleting agents such as Cl and ClO in the gas phase[1—3].Since the1970s,attention has been focused on the effects of these compounds on the …     

氯化聚乙烯弹性体的固相法合成

讨论了以固相法合成氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）弹性体的过程．实验结果表明，以固相氯化反应所得的ＣＰＥ，其大分子链上Ｃｌ取代基的分布比水相悬浮法更均匀．氯化过程的温度直接影响氯化速度及分子结构，如残留结晶、氯分布等．而聚乙烯颗粒表面与内部的氯化程度取决于氯化速度．大分子链上Ｃｌ取代基对邻近基团的氯化起阻碍作用     

填充柱超临界流体色谱及其在石油产品上的应用

超临界流体可以用作色谱的流动相，使混合物质在色谱柱上得到分离，这种分离方法被称为超临界流体色谱(Supercntical Fluid Chromatography，简称SFC)。作为色谱流动相的超临界流体，其作用与超临界流体萃取(Supercritical Fluid Extraction，简称SFE)类似，超临界流体对物质的溶解能力远比一般气体大的多，其溶解能力可以相当于有机溶剂但是它比有机溶剂的扩散速度快、粘度低、表面张力小。     

BaF（Cl,Br）：Sm^2＋的光谱烧孔与光激励发光过程

Ｘ射线辐照前后，在ＢａＦ（Ｃｌ，Ｂｒ）：Ｓｍ＾２＋中以５６０ｎｍ的Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ脉冲光在液氮温度下进行了双光子烧孔实验和光激励发光实验，结果表明，Ｓｍ＾２＋掺杂的碱土金属氟卤化物光谱烧孔过程中伴随着光激励发光过程，这一过程直接影响光谱烧孔过程的进行。     

顺手牵羊新编

春秋时期,秦将孟明视率领大军准备偷袭郑国,而郑国对此毫无觉察。郑国有个贩卖牛羊的商人,名叫弦高,善于随机应变。他与两个同伴在半途偶然遇到浩浩荡荡的秦军,知道情况不妙,便急中生智,一边派人回国通风报信,一边把自己的几头羊献给秦将孟明视。弦高恭敬地对孟明视说:"今日郑国的国君听说将军前来,特奉上一点儿薄礼以示心意。"孟明视听罢     

Influences of aerodynamic loads on hunting stability of high-speed railway vehicles and parameter studies

The influences of steady aerodynamic loads on hunting stability of high-speed railway vehicles were investigated in this study.A mechanism is suggested to explain the change of hunting behavior due to actions of aerodynamic loads：the aerodynamic loads can change the position of vehicle system（consequently the contact relations）,the wheel/rail normal contact forces,the gravitational restoring forces/moments and the creep forces/moments.A mathematical model for hunting stability incorporating such influences was developed.A computer program capable of incorporating the effects of aerodynamic loads based on the model was written,and the critical speeds were calculated using this program.The dependences of linear and nonlinear critical speeds on suspension parameters considering aerodynamic loads were analyzed by using the orthogonal test method,the results were also compared with the situations without aerodynamic loads.It is shown that the most dominant factors a ff ecting linear and nonlinear critical speeds are different whether the aerodynamic loads considered or not.The damping of yaw damper is the most dominant influencing factor for linear critical speeds,while the damping of lateral damper is most dominant for nonlinear ones.When the influences of aerodynamic loads are considered,the linear critical speeds decrease with the rise of cross wind velocity,whereas it is not the case for the nonlinear critical speeds.The variation trends of critical speeds with suspension parameters can be significantly changed by aerodynamic loads.Combined actions of aerodynamic loads and suspension parameters also a ff ect the critical speeds.The effects of such joint action are more obvious for nonlinear critical speeds.     

别轻易下结论

正1.统计资料表明,大多数汽车事故发生在中等速度的行驶状态下,极少事故是发生在大于150千米/小时的行驶速度状态下。这是否意味着高速行驶比较安全?2.绝不是这样。统计关系往往不能表明因果关系。由于多数人是以中等速度开车,所以自然大多数事故是出在中等速度的行驶中。3.如果统计数字表明某市死于肺结核的人数比其他地区多,这是否意味着该市的气候容易生肺病?4.正好相反。该市的气候对害肺病的人有好处,所以数以千计的肺病患者纷纷前来。自然,该市死于肺结核的平均数就升高了。     

自动焊接过程中焊丝运动方程的建立与物理解释

在埋弧焊等自动焊接工艺中,手工焊接工艺中长度有限的焊条被连续不断的焊丝取代.焊丝一边以机械方式送进燃弧区,一边在电弧区燃烧.利用物理学中速度的概念,以焊接弧长为参数建立了焊丝运动方程.