On the pitch of dialogue in Chinese Putonghua

In order to improve the naturalness of TTS speech so as to represent the cadence of natural speech, it is necessary to have a study on the pitch of spontaneous speech. Based on the 973 telephone corpus, the pitch ranges and pitch registers of 1084 intonation phrases are analyzed. It is found that intonation phrases can be classified according to their ranges and registers, and this is related to their positions in dialogue exchange. Compared with read speech, the pitch patterns in dialogue are more variable.     

Theoretical Study and NBO Analysis of the Decomposition Kinetics of Oxetane, 2-Methyloxetane and 2,2-Dimethyloxetane

A theoretical study of the thermal decomposition kinetics of oxetane (1), 2-methyloxetane (2), and 2,2-dimethyloxetane (3) has been carried out at the B3LYP/6-311+G**, B3PW91/6-311+G**, and MPW1PW91/6-311+G** levels of theory. The MPW1PW91/6-311+G** method was found to give a reasonable good agreement with the experimental kinetics and thermodynamic parameters. The decomposition reaction of compounds 1～3 yields formaldehyde and the corresponding substituted olefin. Based on the optimized ground state geometries using MPW1PW91/6-311+G** method, the natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of donor-acceptor (bond-antibond) interactions revealed that the stabilization energies associated with the electronic delocalization from σC3-C4 bonding to σ*O1-C2 antibonding orbitals decrease from compounds 1 to 3. The σC3-C4→σO1-C2 resonance energies for compounds 1～3 are 2.63, 2.59 and 2.45 kcal mol-1, respectively. Further, the results showed that the energy gaps between σC3-C4 bonding and σ*O1-C2 antibonding orbitals decrease from compounds 1 to 3. Also, the decomposition process in these compounds are controlled by σ→σ* resonance energies. Moreover, the obtained order of energy barriers could be explained by the number of electron-releasing methyl groups substituted to the Csp3 atom (which is attached to oxygen atom). NBO analysis shows that the occupancies of σCsp3-O bonds decrease for compounds 1～3 as 3<2<1, and those of σCsp3-O bonds increase in the opposite order (3 > 2 > 1). This fact illustrates a comparatively easier thermal decomposition of the sCsp3-O bond in compound 3 compared to compound 2, and in compound 2 compared to compound 1. NBO results indicate that these reactions are occurring through a concerted and asynchronous four-membered cyclic transition state type of mechanism.     

深水S型铺管管道形态及力学分析方法研究

S型铺管是一种效率很高的铺设海底管道的方法,研究深水S型铺设管道形态及力学分析方法对于开发我国南海油气田具有重大意义.本文建立了深水S型铺管中管道形态的大挠度梁微分方程,并且通过数值方法求解得到的结果论证了深水S型铺管中管道悬垂段形态可以用自然悬链线近似,并在接下来的对S型铺管中管道的整体力学特性的有限元分析中,对过弯...     

拓朴绝缘体研究的新进展

美国普林斯顿大学的一个研究组于2010年7月15日在《自然》（Nature466，343～34615 July 2010）杂志上面发表题为《拓扑表面态穿越表面障碍》（ Transmission of topological surface states through surface barriers）的文章．在文章中他们用可靠的实验数据给出了拓扑表面态穿越单晶锑材料原子尺度阶梯状表面障碍的传播规律，为研究拓扑绝缘材料的性质做出了重要的贡献．     

XBRL实施战略：内置法

实施XBRL（可扩展商业报告语言）的方法之一内置法（built－in approach），即XBRL内置于报告流程中。一般而言，内置法要求所使用的合并／报告应用程序支持XBRL分类法。因此，转换成XBRL就成了报告流程的一种自然延伸，而不是从人工转换的Excel电子数据表中输出的又一个与基本系统和数据毫不相关的信息。     

On ＂Problems on von Neumann Algebras by R. Kadison, 1967＂

A brief summary of the development on Kadison‘s famous problems (1967) is given. A new set of problems in von Neumann algebras is listed.     

有限元、自然边界元与辛几何算法--冯康学派对计算数学发展的重要贡献

计算数学是当代数学科学的重要分支,是伴随着计算机的出现而迅速发展并获得广泛应用的新兴交叉学科,是数学及计算机实现其在高科技领域应用的必不可少的纽带和工具.计算与理论和实验相并列,已经成为当今世界科学活动的第三种手段,这是二十世纪后半叶最重要的科技进步之一.值此世界进入新的世纪,国际数学家大会将首次在我国召开之际,回顾半个世纪来我国计算数学的发展,尤其是以已故冯康院士(1920-1993)为代表的我国计算数学家群体,即"冯康学派"对国际计算数学发展所做出的重要贡献,是非常有意义的.当然由于篇幅所限,本文只能涉及部分研究领域和少数专家学者,挂一漏万在所难免.     

贝克勒尔（Becquerel，Antoine Henri，1852—1908）法国物理学家（Physicist,France）

贝克勒尔出身于物理学世家。祖父曾在拿破仑麾下服役，后参加电化学的创立。他父亲特别感兴趣的是荧光和磷光。贝克勒尔本人于1888年获得博士学位，在巴黎自然历史博物馆任职。伦琴发现的X射线几乎引起欧洲每个物理学家的兴趣，也同样引起了贝克勒尔的兴趣。他发现硫酸双氧铀钾能放出辐射，很像X射线，因为它能穿透物体，还能电离空气。这种化合物放出的辐射线连续不断，永无止息地射向各方。     

周期性边界条件下多孔介质方腔内自然对流换热数值研究

对充满多孔介质的倾斜方腔,在其上下壁面绝热、右侧壁面维持恒温To及左侧壁面温度基于To随时间按正弦规律变化的情况下,采用Brinkman扩展达西模型和SIMPLER算法对方腔内的自然对流与换热进行了非稳态数值模拟,方腔倾角α的范围为0°～90°,Pr数为1,Ra数为106.计算研究不同的振荡频率和方腔倾角对方腔内对流换热的影响.数值模拟结果表明:振荡频率f为60π,方腔倾角为43°时,方腔内的换热最强.     

恒热流加热开口腔自然对流的可视化实验和数值模拟

本文采用激光全息干涉和激光片光照射烟可视化方法获得了恒热流加热的二维开口腔自然对流问题的温度场和流场,并进行了数值分析.实验结果与数值模拟结果吻合.数值计算表明方腔内流体的流通量与Ra*和深高比B有关,当Ra*＞104时随深高比B增加流通量增加;B×Nu与深高比B呈线性关系.利用B×Nu与深高比B的线性关系,通过引入当量导热系数λc,本文还给出了加热壁面的平均温度的简单计算方法.