High-contrast imaging for weakly diffracting specimens in coherent diffraction imaging

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) and ptychography techniques bypass the difficulty of having high-quality optics in X-ray microscopy by using a numerical reconstruction of the image that is obtained by inverting the diffracted intensity recorded by a charge-coupled device array. However, the reconstruction of the image from the intensity data obtained from a weakly diffracting specimen is known to be difficult because of the obvious reduction in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this case, the specimen only slightly modifies the probe diffraction pattern, resulting in difficulty in the identification of the detailed structure of the specimen from the reconstructed image because of the poor contrast and sharpness of the image. To address this situation, a modification in the image retrieval algorithms used in the iterative reconstruction of the image is suggested. This modification should double the presence of high spatial frequencies in the diffraction pattern to enhance the contrast and edge detection in existing imaging techniques.     

Experimental validation of domain-level gradient-based and hierarchical PCE-based routing and control in heterogeneous optical networks

A domain-level gradient-based routing （DLR） algorithm for heterogeneous optical networks with syn- chronous digital hierarchy and optical transport network domains is proposed and experimentally vali- dated. This algorithm classifies domains into groups with incremental levels on the basis of domain-level partitioning, and guides paths level by level along a gradient on the basis of interdomain routing tree evolution. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the hierarchical path computation element-based control architecture for connection provisioning. Testbeds with commercial and emulated nodes are es- tablished to verify the feasibility and performance of the algorithm. Experimental and emulation results show that DLR effectively performs in terms of network blocking probability, real time characteristics, and scalability.     

毫米波二阶分形频率选择表面寄生谐振的抑制

二阶分形频率选择表面具有良好的双频特性, 是实现准光学选频网络小型化的理想选择. 但是由于其自相似迭代结构的复杂性, 导致其长期受到寄生谐振的影响, 为了提高二阶分形结构在工程应用中的可靠性, 本文建立了二阶方环分形周期单元的等效电路并分析了寄生谐振产生时的场分布情况, 研究了寄生谐振的形成机理; 进而通过单元间去耦合操作, 并引入基于离散粒子群算法的多参数优化过程, 克服了这一问题. 仿真和实验结果表明: 在保证双频工作特性、对于入射角和极化稳定的前提下, 通过去耦合和粒子群算法实现的频率选择表面实测对寄生谐振的抑制可达13dB, 且避免了新的寄生谐振的产生. 关于寄生谐振抑制的研究, 为增强二阶分形阵列结构的可靠性提供了新的思路. 关键词： 二阶分形 频率选择表面 寄生谐振 离散粒子群算法     

听觉频域掩蔽效应的自适应β阶贝叶斯感知估计语音增强算法

为了在噪声抑制和语音失真中之间寻找最佳平衡,提出了一种听觉频域掩蔽效应的自适应β阶贝叶斯感知估计语音增强算法,以期提高语音增强的综合性能。算法利用了人耳的听觉掩蔽效应,根据计算得到的频域掩蔽阈自适应调整β阶贝叶斯感知估计语音增强算法中的β值,从而仅将噪声抑制在掩蔽阈之下,保留较多的语音信息,降低语音失真。并分别用客观和主观评价方式,对所提出的算法的性能进行了评估,并与原来基于信噪比的自适应β阶贝叶斯感知估计语音增强算法进行了比较。结果表明,频域掩蔽的β阶贝叶斯感知估计方法的综合客观评价结果在信噪比为-10 dB至5 dB之间时均高于基于信噪比的自适应β阶贝叶斯感知估计语音增强算法。主观评价结果也表明频域掩蔽的β阶贝叶斯感知估计方法能在尽量保留语音信息的同时,较好的抑制背景噪声。      

Quantum phase transitions of fermionic atoms in an anisotropic triangular optical lattice

The effect of anisotropy caused by a confining potential on the properties of fermionic cold atoms in a triangular optical lattice is systematically investigated by using the dynamical cluster approximation combined with the continuous time quantum Monte–Carlo algorithm.The quantum phase diagrams which reflect the temperature–interaction relation and the competition between the anisotropic parameter and the interaction are presented with full consideration of the anisotropy of the system.Our results show that the system undergoes a transition from Fermi liquid to Mott insulator when the repulsive interaction reaches a critical value.The Kondo effect also can be observed in this system and the pseudogap is suppressed at low temperatures due to the Kondo effect.A feasible experiment protocol to observe these phenomena in an anisotropic triangular optical lattice with cold atoms is proposed,in which the hopping terms are closely related to the lattice confining potential and the atomic interaction can be adjusted via the Feshbach resonance.     

Design of dispersive multilayer with particle swarm optimization method

<正>We present a new and efficient method for the design of dispersive multilayer by employing a particle swarm optimization(PSO) technique.Its mathematical background is given and an adaptive PSO is realized with computer code.Two practical designing tasks are solved with this method,and the obtained results are competitive compared with other published structures.The adaptive PSO method demonstrates its merits of fast convergence and powerful global search ability,and could be used as a valuable tool for the optical thin film design.     

太阳米粒结构相关哈特曼-夏克波前传感模拟研究

基于互相关因子和绝对差分算法以及相关哈特曼－夏克波前传感器的基本原理，根据室内模拟太阳米料结构研究了低对比度扩展目标情况下应用相关哈特曼－夏克波前传感器探测波前误差的可行性，结果表明，相关哈特曼－夏克波前传感器能够有效探测光学波前误差。     

基于Levenberg-Marquardt算法的动态磁性检测站磁定位方法研究

针对舰船动态磁性检测站需要确定磁场测量点坐标以进行舰船磁性分析的情况,利用Levernberg-Marquardt算法及磁体模拟法提出了一种动态磁性检测站磁定位方法。该方法利用包含定位参数的舰船磁场模型设计了目标函数,通过Levernberg-Marquardt算法经由定位参数的初始估计收敛到使目标函数最优的定位参数解。船模实验证明,定位结果较准确,能用来描述动态测磁时舰船磁场测量面上测量点的位置,在此基础上能通过舰船磁场推算掌握舰船的磁场分布情况,进而快速制定舰船消磁决策。     

应用近红外光谱和多算法融合方法分析烤烟的香型风格特征

以全国17个主要烤烟产地省份中收集的3 914个烟叶样品的近红外光谱为实验对象,其中浓香型、中间香型、清香型烟叶光谱分别865条、1 403条、1 646条,应用近红外光谱和多算法融合方法分析其香型风格特征。在以产地进行初步划分烟叶香型以及认可过渡型和非典型香型类型的基础上,选取基于主成分及Fisher准则的投影法(PPF)、偏最小二乘判别(DPLS)、支持向量机(SVM)作为单分类器,得到各个算法第1和2判别分析结果;应用PPF-DPLS-SVM融合和各算法第1和2判别分析结果,将预测验证样品的分析结果详细划分为典型、过渡型、非典型香型样品(分别为493,392,115个);其中典型香型烟叶样品的判别准确率达到92.7%,较未进行典型样品划分时PPF,DPLS,SVM单算法的识别准确率分别提高了30.2%,15.4%,16.6%。样品数据来源于全国主要烤烟产地,数据量大,代表性较好,分析结果具有一定普遍性;提出的多算法融合分析方法大幅度提高了通过客观数据判别烤烟香型的准确率;同时,将烤烟香型细划分为典型、过渡型和非典型香型的方式,对烤烟烟叶原料的科学合理利用以及烟叶原料的模块化工业加工等有指导作用。     

改进的盲解卷积技术在远距离激光光斑图像复原中的应用

为了提高外场实验中远距离测量激光光斑位置的精度,提出利用盲解卷积技术对光斑图像进行事后复原来削弱大气湍流对光斑成像的影响。首先,介绍了经典盲解卷积算法,分析了其不足之处,并提出了一种改进的盲解卷积算法。为了提高目标函数的收敛性和收敛速度,在TV(Total Variation)目标函数加入惩罚项,并对交替迭代法进行改进。然后,用数学方法证明了改进的盲解卷积算法的收敛性。最后,进行了仿真实验。与传统算法相比,用改进算法恢复的图像信噪比至少提升了15%。文中给出了外场试验图像的实际复原效果。