从变量数学到现代数学(续一)

§4新几何,新世界 1.直观几何学.从直观出发,我们会看清楚为什么会有多种几何学,而不是一种几何学.借此,我们也就容易理解在19世纪几何学中发生了什么.     

论双变量同构凸函数

在定义加权同构平均值的基础上将凸函数、几何凸函数、平方凸函数等理论统一为双变量同构凸函数理论,给出其统一的微分判别法则,并由此推导出不同类型的同构平均值间不等关系的简单判定法则.     

非线性对流扩散问题的交替方向差分流线扩散法

1引言Peaceman,Douglas等人于1955年提出了差分格式的交替方向法。随后,Douglas,Dupont于1972年又提出了有限元格式的交替方向法[1]。其基本思想是:对两个或三个空间变量的二阶抛物型和双曲型问题,将交替方向法与Galerkin方法相结合,通过算子分裂技术,把高维问题转化为一系列低维问题,交替地沿各空间变量的方向求解。[2]、[3]和[4]给出了对更一般扩散问题(带对流项的抛物方程)的数值求解和误差分析。     

MARKOV SKELETON PROCESS IN PERT NETWORKS

In this article, we investigate Programming Evaluation and Review Technique networks with independently and generally distributed activity durations. For any path in this network, we select all the activities related to this path such that the completion time of the sub-network （only consisting of all the related activities） is equal to the completion time of this path. We use the elapsed time as the supplementary variables and model this sub-network as a Markov skeleton process, the state space is related to the subnetwork structure. Then use the backward equation to compute the distribution of the sub-network＇s completion time, which is an important rule in project management and scheduling.     

妙用“0·x=0”解题

我们知道:不论x取何实数时,都有0·x=0恒成立,所以要使ax=b(x为变量,a,b为常数)对于任意实数x恒成立,必须有a=0,且b=0.在一些定值、定点、轨迹和求值等问题     

Control of a Unified Chaotic System via Single Variable Feedback

Based on the LaSalle invariance principle, we propose a simple adaptive-feedback for controlling the unified chaotic system. We show explicitly with numerical proofs that our method can easily achieve the control of chaos in the unified chaotic system using only a single variable feedback. The present controller, to our knowledge, is the simplest control scheme for controlling a unified chaotic system.     

Perturbation to Mei symmetry and Mei adiabatic invariants for mechanical systems in phase space

For a perturbed mechanical system in phase space, considering d/dt in the structure equation and process of proof including infinitesimal parameter ε obviously, this paper studies the perturbation to Mei symmetry and adiabatic invariants. Firstly, the exact invariant induced directly from the Mei symmetry of the system without perturbation is given. Secondly, based on the concept of high-order adiabatic invariant, the determining equations of the perturbation to Mei symmetry are established, the condition of existence of the Mei adiabatic invariant led by the perturbation to Mei symmetry is obtained, and its form is presented. Lastly, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.     

THE COMPLETE LANGLANDS PARAMETERS CORRESPONDING TO THE REPRESENTATIONS OF THE CLASSICAL GROUPS WITH INTEGRAL REGULAR INFINITESIMAL CHARACTERS

1.CompleteLanglandsParametersandL-PacketsInthissectionwereviewsomebasicfactsfrom[1].Wedenotethesetsofrealnumbers,complexnumbersandintegersbyR,CandZ,respectively.SupposethatGisaconnectedcomplexreductivealgebraicgroup.WehaveanextendedgrouPGrforG,andvGrisanE-groupforGr.WedenotethesetofLanglandsparametersandthesetofgeometricparametersforvGrbYp(vG')andX(VG'),respectively.ThereisanaturalmapfromP(VG')toX(vG').ItinducesabijectionfromequivalenceclassesofLanglandsparameterstogeometricparamet…     

Interaction between two folded solitary waves for a modified Broer--Kaup system

By means of a Painlevé-Baicklund transformation and a multi-linear separation-of-variable approach, abundant localized coherent excitations of a modified Broer-Kaup system are derived. There appear possible phase shifts for the interactions of the （2＋1）-dimensional novel localized structures, which are discussed in this paper.