A corresponding-state approach to quark-cluster matter

The state of super-dense matter is essential for us to understand the nature of pulsars; however, non- perturbative quantum chromodynamics makes it very difficult to make direct calculations of the state of cold matter at realistic baryon number densities inside compact stars. Nevertheless, from an observational point of view, it is conjectured that pulsars could be made up of quark clusters since the strong coupling between quarks might render the quarks to be grouped in clusters. In this paper, we attempt to find an equation of state of condensed quark-cluster matter in a phenomenological way. Supposing that the quark-clusters could be analogized to inert gases, we apply here the corresponding-state approach to derive the equation of state of quark-cluster matter, as was similarly demonstrated for nuclear and neutron-star matter in the 1970s. According to the calculations that we have presented, the quark-cluster stars, which are composed of quark-cluster matter, could have a high maximum mass that is consistent with observations and, in turn, further observations of pulsar mass could also place a constraint on the properties of quark-cluster matter. We will also briefly discuss the melting heat during the solid-liquid phase conversion and its related astrophysical consequences.     

具有高安全性和有效性的Ⅱ期两阶段临床试验

Ⅱ期临床试验的主要目的是对药物治疗的安全性和有效性进行评估.针对具有高安全性的Ⅱ期两阶段临床试验,给出小样本量下关于安全性和有效性的精确检验方法,并证明最大Ⅰ类错误概率与Ⅱ类错误概率分别在原假设和备择假设的边界处达到.在期望样本量最小原则下,给出最优两阶段设计的构造方法和常用设计表,供实际应用选用.     

2018年医疗激光系统市场将达20亿美元

本文将对2012~2018年,医疗激光市场(包括CO2激光、准分子激光、Ho∶YAG激光、Nd∶YAG激光、染料激光器、固体激光和气体激光在眼科、皮肤科、泌尿科及心脑血管方面疾病的应用)的全球市场分析、包括市场大小、发展潜力及发展趋势进行预估。2011年,全球医疗激光市场为9.09亿美元,预计在2018年,其全球市场将完成12.5%的增长,达到20亿美元。     

改进的灰色相似关联度模型在水质评价中的应用

基于灰色系统理论,提出一种改进的灰色相似关联度模型.通过计算评价对象的单因素隶属度矩阵,得到与各标准水质级别在不同评价指标处的灰色相似关联系数,最后根据灰色相似关联系数得到对各标准水质级别的综合隶属度.将此方法应用于延河流域的八个监测断面进行水质综合评价,取得了较好的结果.在此基础上进一步分析和改进了最大隶属度原则,在考虑最大隶属度的同时,综合考虑评价对象对各标准水质级别隶属度的分布,并制定了调整规则.     

复微分方程组的代数解

本文研究了一类复微分方程组的代数解的存在问题.利用最大模原理和Nevanlinna值分布理论,得到了一个结论,推广和改进了一些文献的结果,例子表明结论精确.     

矩阵方程AX=B的中心对称定秩解及其最佳逼近

本文研究了矩阵方程AX=B的中心对称解.利用矩阵对的广义奇异值分解和广义逆矩阵,获得了该方程有中心对称解的充要条件以及有解时,最大秩解、最小秩解的一般表达式,并讨论了中心对称最小秩解集合中与给定矩阵的最佳逼近解.     

一种异步非正交跳频网台盲分选方法

提出了一种新体制跳频网台盲分选方法,针对跳频通信异步非正交组网方式,将基于最大信噪比算法的盲源分离技术应用于跳频网台分选。建立了跳频网台盲分选仿真数学模型并进行了多跳频网台分选仿真。仿真结果验证了盲源分离技术应用在跳频网台分选中的可行性和有效性,得出了跳频网台盲分选方法对异步非正交组网方式的分选性能。     

Rapid,simple and selective determination of 2,4-dinitrophenol by molecularly imprinted spin column extraction coupled with fluorescence detection

A rapid, simple and selective method based on molecularly imprinted, spin column extraction coupled with fluorescence detection was successfully established for the determination of 2,4-dinitrophenol in serum samples. The 2,4-dinitrophenol imprinted polymers exhibited highly selective recognition for the template molecule and the maximum adsorption capacity was 138.9 mg/g. The results indicated that when water is used as the loading solution, only 2,4-dinitrophenol could be adsorbed on the spin column without the remaining structural analogs（2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol and phenol）. After eluting with acetonitrile/acetic acid（9/1, v/v）, 2,4-dinitrophenol in serum samples could be determined by using the fluorescence spectrometer, based on the fluorescence enhancement of fluorescein by the template molecule. Under the optimal conditions, the spiked recovery ranged from 95.8% to 103.4% and the detection limit was 1 nmol/L. The results confirmed the reliability and practicality of the protocol and revealed a good perspective of this method for biological sample analysis.     

基于大偏差理论非高斯随机动力系统离出行为研究

本文介绍了大偏差理论的基本思想及其在非高斯随机动力系统的离出问题研究中的应用.依据不同的非高斯噪声类型,本文分别评述了随机混合系统、指数轻跳跃过程和α稳定Lévy噪声驱动的随机动力系统的离出问题的主要研究方法和近期研究进展.针对随机混合系统,本文介绍了利用随机微分方程对其进行近似的拟稳态扩散近似方法,计算拟势和最优离出路径的WKB近似方法与细致平衡条件的研究,以及求解随机混合系统的简化版本(即生灭过程)的离出问题的研究进展.对于指数轻跳跃过程驱动的随机动力系统,本文介绍了其大偏差原理和中度偏差原理的泛函极值问题的建立,拟势概念的定义和平均离出时间的估计.针对具有α稳定Lévy噪声的随机动力系统,本文介绍了计算平均首次离出时间和离出概率的理论和数值方法,计算最优离出路径的Onsager-Machlup理论、机器学习方法、最大似然法和数据驱动方法.最后,给出了非高斯随机动力系统的离出现象相关的一些开放性问题.