山梨醇改性聚乙烯醇体系的氢键作用及对水状态的影响

采用二维相关红外光谱研究了水渗透进入聚乙烯醇(PVA)及其改性基体过程中, 体系的氢键作用及对水状态的影响; 通过差示扫描量热分析(DSC)研究了改性剂山梨醇(S)对改性PVA中水状态的影响. 实验结果表明, S能通过其羟基与水形成较强氢键, 从而显著改变体系中水的状态及其蒸发行为, 使体系自由水含量逐渐减少, 水的蒸发峰温度升高.     

考虑行车状态的一维元胞自动机交通流模型

在Nagel Schrekenberg单车道元胞自动机交通流模型（简称NS模型）的基础上，考虑车辆之间的相对运动薛郁等提出了一种改进的单车道元胞自动机交通流模型（简称改进的NS模型）.通过两种情况列出了改进的NS模型存在不尽周严的地方，随之在新模型中引入了行车状态 变量和反馈规则，从而控制车辆出现倒车和刹车过急等现象.通过计算机对新模型进行模拟 ，发现减速概率和车流密度对车流状态的演化影响很大，当减速概率高（如道路条件差）时 ，即使车流密度低，车流也会出现局部堵塞状态；而当减速概率一定时，随着车流密度增加 ，车流的运动相与堵塞相发生了全局性的交替出现，此时类似于波的波峰和波谷的传播.与 改进的NS模型相比较，新模型模拟的车流量较高，说明新模型减少了车流的总体停滞状态. 关键词： 交通流 元胞自动机 行车状态 反馈规则     

Atomic NOON state generation in distant cavities by virtual excitations

A general scheme of generating NOON states of virtually-excited 2N atoms is proposed. The two cavities are fibre-connected with N atoms in each cavity. Although we focus on the case of N = 2, the system can be extended to a few atoms with N 〉2. It is found that all 2N atoms can be entangled in the form of NOON states if the atoms in the first cavity are initially in the excited states and atoms in the second cavity are all in the ground states. The feasibility of the scheme is carefully discussed, it shows that the NOON state with a few atoms can be generated with good fidelity and the scheme is feasible in experiment.     

"导棒"的启动方式与收尾状态探析

机车的启动问题是机械能部分的重要内容．无独有偶，在磁场中滑轨上的导棒也存在类似的启动问题(简称滑轨问题)，而且两者之间还有相通之处．笔者下面就磁场中导棒的启动方式与收尾状态逐一剖析，与同行探讨．     

一类具有滞的二阶非线性系统的定性分析

考虑具有滞的二阶非线性系统x‘‘(t)f(x(t),x‘(t)) g(x(t),x‘(t)ψ(x(t-τ））＝p(t),借助李雅普诺夫函数方法,得到了其零解稳定性,解的有界性,周期解的在性和平衡振荡的存在唯一性。     

一类脉冲中立型时滞抛物方程组的振动性

研究一类脉冲中立型时滞抛物方程组解的振动性,得到了该类方程组在两类不同边界条件下所有解振动的若干充分条件.     

中立型时滞微分方程的渐近稳定性

考虑具有正负系数的中立型时滞微分方程ｄｄ狋［狓（狋）－犘（狋）狓（狋－τ）］＋犙（狋）狓（狋－δ）－犚（狋）狓（狋－σ）＝０，　狋≥狋０， 其中Ｐ（ｔ）∈Ｃ（［ｔ０，∞），Ｒ），Ｑ（ｔ），Ｒ（ｔ）∈Ｃ（［ｔ０，∞），Ｒ＋ ），τ，δ，σ∈（０，∞）．获得了该方程零解 一致稳定及渐近稳定的充分条件，它推广并改进了现有文献中的结论．     

Oscillations and Collapses of Proto--Neutron Stars

We examine the oscillation and collapse of a relativistic star, e.g., a proto-neutron star, with an equation of state （EOS） which is Mowly changing as driven by, e.g., losing of thermal energy through radiations. We find that the frequency of the fundamental mode of oscillation （radial） will gradually increase then abruptly drop to zero when the star gets close to the point of instability. We also find that for a wide range of configurations on the unstable branch of equilibrium configurations, the collapse is dominated by one unstable mode.     

脉冲时滞抛物型偏微分方程组解的振动性

研究一类脉冲时滞抛物型偏微分方程组解的振动性,利用一阶脉冲时滞微分不等式获得了该类方程组在两类不同边值条件下所有解振动的若干充分条件.所得结果充分反映了脉冲和时滞在振动中的影响作用.     

Electronic cluster state entanglement concentration based on charge detection

We propose an efficient entanglement concentration protocol （ECP） based on electron-spin cluster states assisted with single electrons. In the ECP, we adopt the electron polarization beam splitter （PBS） and the charge detector to construct the quantum nondemolition measurement. According to the result of the measurement of the charge detection, we can ultimately obtain the maximally entangled cluster states. Moreover, the discarded items can be reused in the next round to reach a high success probability. This ECP may be useful in current solid quantum computation.