Advances in micro-perforated panel absorbers

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the performance of micro-perforated -panel absorbers are reviewed in this paper. By reviewing recent research work, this paper reveals a relationship between the maximum absorption coefficient and the limit of the absorption frequency bandwidth. It has been demonstrated that the absorption frequency bandwidth can be extended up to 3 or 4 octaves as the diameters of the micro-holes decrease. This has become possible with the development of the technologies for manufacturing micro-perforated panels, such as laser drilling, powder metallurgy, welded meshing and electro-etching to form micrometer order holes. In this paper, absorption characteristics of such absorbers in random fields and in high sound intensity are discussed both theoretically and experimentally. A new absorbing structure based on micro-perforated-panel absorbers demonstrate experimentally high sound absorption capability. This review shows that the micro-perforated-panel absorber has potentials to be one of ideal absorbing materials in the 21st century.     

Theoretical analysis of the acoustical characteristics of suspended micro-perforated panel absorbers

Sound absorption characteristics of suspended micro-perforated panel absorbers were investigated theoretically. The method of half thickness model of such panel absorber with quadripole analysis was used for predicting its acoustic performance. The analysis results show that the predictions agree well with the measurements of absorption in the reverberation chamber. The factors affecting the absorption characteristics for such absorbers were discussed, and some rules as design guidelines were given.     

聚合物复合膜的制备及吸液性能

由聚丙烯（PP）、聚乙烯（PE）制成的单层或多层微孔膜（PP，PP／PE／PP）具有良好的机械强度，且具备自关闭功能，已被广泛用作液态锂离子电池的隔膜，但PP，PP／PE／PP等微孔膜表面能低，难与塑料电极真正复合为一体，不能直接用于聚合物锂离子电池。因此在PP，PP／PE／PP等微孔膜表面涂敷一层具有黏结性质的过渡薄膜，兼顾两种材料的优点，有助于提高机械强度和将电极粘结起来的黏结力。聚合物复合膜是一种具有3层结构的复合膜，由两外层膜及中间膜组成。正丁醇不溶胀PVDF—HFP，可以丁醇为介质来测量复合膜的吸液率，该数据可作为膜孔率高低的判据，也可用于粗略判断膜电导率高低。     

TiO2/P(VdF-HFP)杂化纤维微孔膜的制备及其电化学性能

用电纺法制备了TiO₂/P(VdF-HFP)(聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物)杂化纤维微孔膜, 用SEM观察了杂化纤维微孔膜的形貌, 并测算了这类由超细纤维相互搭接而形成的微孔膜的孔隙率. 这种微孔膜吸附LiPF₆/EC-DMC-EMC(碳酸乙烯酯-二甲基碳酸酯-碳酸甲乙酯)电解质溶液后得到凝胶聚合物电解质膜. 用电化学方法测试了聚合物电解质膜的离子电导率、锂离子迁移数等参数, 并研究了TiO₂纳米晶的掺入对聚合物电解质电化学性能的影响. 结果表明, TiO₂的掺入降低了P(VdF-HFP)聚合物基体的结晶度, 改善了凝胶聚合物电解质的低温电化学性能.     

微孔中简单流体粘度的分子动力学模拟及关联模型

用分子动力学模拟计算了微孔介质中流体氩在不同温度、不同密度和不同孔径下的剪切粘度.并根据Chapman-Enskog关于硬球流体传递性质的理论以及Heyes的关于Lennard-Jones流体粘度的表达式,提出了两个描述微孔介质中流体粘度的模型,该模型可以计算微孔中流体氩在不同状态下的粘度值.通过与计算机模拟值的比较,证明这两个微孔流体粘度模型是可用的.     

Molecular Simulation on Transport Properties of Confined Water

The diffusivity and viscosity of water confined in micropores were studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The effects of pore width and density were analyzed at pore widths from 0.9 to 2.6nm. The diffusivity in micropores is lower than that of the bulk, and it decreases as pore width decreases and as density increases. But the viscosity in micropores is much larger than that of the bulk, and it increases as pore width decreases and as density increases. The diffusivity in channel parallel direction is obviously larger than that in channel perpendicular directions.     

PP/HDPE 共混物及其纳米复合材料超临界流体微孔发泡

通过间歇法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)共混物及其纳米复合材料的微孔塑料.用扫描电镜对发泡样品的泡孔结构进行表征,研究了纳米粒子的类型和含量对泡孔结构的影响.结果表明:在PP中加入25%的HDPE可改善泡孔结构;在 PP/HDPE 共混物中加入纳米粒子可使泡孔的直径减小、密度增加、泡孔分布更均匀;泡孔直径随着纳米粒子含量的增加会出现先减小后增加的趋势.     

锂洞原子双激发态的鞍点能量计算

采用鞍点截断变分方法和鞍点复数转动技术,计算和分析了锂洞原子双激发共振态[1s(2s2p)3P]2P0的鞍点能量和波函数.计算结果表明这种理论计算方法是获得高精度的能量值的重要保证.     

考虑重力因素的断溶体储层“井-洞-缝”模型试井解释方法

顺北油田属于大型断裂构造运动形成的断溶体储层，纵向裂缝系统和垂向分布的溶洞是主要的储集体空间.本文提出溶洞中的压力变化是由流动和波动共同产生的，依此把能量守恒方程与试井理论相结合，建立考虑重力因素的断溶体储层试井解释方法.定义无量纲量，并对无量纲方程进行Laplace变换，得到Laplace空间上的井底压力.由Stehfest数值反演算法得到试井分析所需的图版曲线.对重力因素进行敏感性分析表明：重力因素只影响双对数曲线的末期，当重力因素很明显时，曲线特征类似于定压边界.对新疆油田的某井进行分析，解释了曲线后期下掉原因，并给出溶洞体积以及波动相关参数等，分析结果与生产实际情况相吻合.     

基于滤纸微孔板的酶联免疫吸附测定方法研究

用光刻法在普通定量滤纸上制作出了疏水图案,得到了滤纸微孔板。将表面修饰后的SiO2微球负载在滤纸表面,以提高滤纸纤维吸附蛋白质的能力,基于此建立了以间接酶联免疫吸附法测定羊抗兔免疫球蛋白的方法。以酶标兔抗羊IgG为例,负载SiO2微球后,滤纸微孔板吸附该蛋白质的量提高了20%～700%;将SiO2负载法应用于羊抗兔IgG的检测时,可使信号增强20%～150%。在本实验条件下,测定羊抗兔IgG的线性范围为3×10-12～3×10-8mmol/孔。本方法使生物免疫试剂消耗量减少至3～5μL/孔、检测时间降至20 min/板、滤纸微孔板制作成本可低至约每板1.1美元,为研制准确、快速和低成本的疾病检测设备提供了新的思路和可能性。