物理老化对PEK-C、PES-C及其复合材料的玻璃化转变热焓松弛特征的影响

本文用DSC技术研究了物理老化对PEK-C、PES-C及其共混物和复合材料玻璃化转变的影响.老化时间(t)延长,玻璃化转变温度(T_g)、热焓松弛峰温(T_(max))、峰高(△C_(pmax))和热焓(△H)提高;△H与lgt成线性关系.碳黑或碳纤维对PES-C的物理老化行为无影响,而反应性乙炔端基砜(ATS)固化物能限制PEK-C和PES-C在T_g以下温度的物理老化过程.利用物理老化能更为方便地判断多相体系的相容性,结果表明PEK-C/PSF为相容体系,而PEK-C/PES-C相容性较差.     

利用模式识别技术评价镍系顺丁橡胶质量

<正> 在合成橡胶生产中,橡胶质量的评定通常是抽取样品在炼胶机上进行配炼操作,观察其包辊与吃药情况,及测定硫化胶的物理性能参数来确定质量级别的。鉴于各人实践经验与操作技术不同,结果常受人为因素影响,近几年,有人提出用测定橡胶物性参数来估计质量的方法,已用于实践,取得了一定的效果。但是这种处理较粗糙,甚至某些样品会     

邻氟苯丙酮的合成

对邻氟苯丙酮三条合成路线进行了比较，确定了从邻甲苯胺出发的路线，总收率达到40．8％，纯度99．4％，具有很好的经济效益和应用前景。在对邻氟苯丙酮的合成研究过程中，还合成了一系列国内尚未见报道的含氟精细有机化学品。     

STUDY ON INTERMITTENT SHEAR FLOW AND RELAXATION BEHAVIOR OF THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMER

Intermittent shear flow including start-up flow and small oscillatory amplitude time sweep or stress relaxation after cessation of shear flow was used to study the rheological behavior and internal structure of thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP). There are two kinds of intermittent shear flow: all start-up flows are in the same direction (intermittent flow forward: IFF) and start-up flows change their directions alternately (intermittent flow reversal: IFR). The results show that the stress of start-up flow of IFF and IFR in the test process is not superposed, indicating different changes of internal structure of thermotropic LCP (TLCP). Two main factors affect structure changes in the experimental time scale. One relates to long-term texture relaxation process, the other is an interchain reaction that becomes important after 30 min. The two factors raise the stress of IFF, but express complex effects for the stress of IFR. The latter factor becomes very important at long time annealing process. The relaxation behavior was also studied by the application of wide range relaxation spectrum calculated from the combined dynamic modulus, which gave three characteristic relaxation times (0.3, 10 and 600 s) ascribable to the relaxations of less-phase orientation, domain orientation, and domain deformation, respectively. The result also shows that the domain coalescence (texture relaxation), a long relaxation time, is a much slow process and lasts beyond 2400 s of the test time.     

PPO及其改性物在低于玻璃化转变退火时的热行为研究

用DSC法研究了聚苯醚(PPO)、羧化度为16.0mol%的羧化PPO(C-PPO)和相应的C-PPO的正十二酯(Et-CPPO)在稍低于玻璃化转变温度等温退火的热焓松弛行为,讨论改性基团对热焓松弛速率的影响。发现三种样品在等温退火过程中产生的吸热峰随退火时间或温度的增加而增加。在相同退火条件下,峰宽随侧基链加长而增加,热焓松弛速率降低。     

星形聚苯乙烯的链缠结和松弛过程

本工作用应力松弛仪测定了一组等支链长不同支化度星形聚苯乙烯的松弛谱,探讨了支化结构对松弛谱橡胶平台区粘弹行为的影响,用“管子”模型对松弛谱进行了计算机模拟,从分子运动观点上解释了星形聚合物的粘弹特性:     

原子电负性和极化度对卤代甲烷C 1s电子电离能的影响

以原子的电负性χP和极化度α为基本参数, 估算卤代甲烷CHnY4−n−mZm(Y, Z=F, Cl, Br, I) C 1s电子电离能的电荷效应和松弛效应. 电荷效应由C—H和C—Y(Z)键两端原子的电负性差来度量, 松弛效应由碳原子带的电荷乘上氢和卤素原子极化度来衡量, 进而用电荷效应和松弛效应一起表达卤代甲烷中C 1s电子电离能的静电-松弛屏蔽效应ΔSi. 将ΔSi代入类-Slater模型, 得到卤代甲烷中C 1s电子电离能E1,C的估算方程, 该方程的相关系数r=0.99987, 对27个卤代甲烷的计算值与实验值之间的平均绝对误差仅为0.038 eV, 小于实验误差0.1 eV. 同时, 用留一法(leave-one-out)进行交叉验证(相关系数rcv=0.99977, 预测值与实验值之间的绝对平均误差只有0.049 eV), 结果表明所得方程具有良好的预测能力和稳定性.     

溶胀性能自动检测仪的研制

应用应力传感及计算机技术，研制了网状高分子溶胀性能自动检测仪。该仪灵敏度和精度高，准确性好，可用于研究高分子综合溶胀行为，测定平衡压缩模量，溶胀动力学过程，松弛动力学过程等。     

Phase Behavior and Dielectric Spectroscopy of the Sodium Dodecyl Trioxyethylene Sulfate／n－Butanol／Water System

Introduction　　Itiswellknownthatsurfactantsinanaqueoussolu tioncouldformmicellesataconcentrationhigherthanthecriticalmicelleconcentration (cmc) .Knowledgeofalcoholsolubilizationinaqueousmicellesolutionsisimportantinunderstandingtheaggregationbehaviorofsuchsystemsandisrelevanttoseveralindustrialprocesses .1Manystudieshavebeenreportedonphasebehaviorofternarysystemsofionicsurfactant,alcohol,andwater.2 7Generally ,inthecaseofshortchainalcohol,atransparent,isotropic ,andlow viscosityphaseappearse…