First-principle study on optical properties of N-La-codoped anatase TiO

The electronic structures, deformation charge density, dipole moment, and optical properties of N-La-codoped anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) are studied using the plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential method based on the density functional theory (DFT). The optical properties of two-ion-doped TiO2 are analyzed via electronic structures, deformation charge density, and dipole moment. For the model of N-La-doped TiO2 , a smaller atom fraction of N and La atoms induces better optical properties. The absorption edges of two doped TiO2 models redshift to the visible-light region.     

A polyene chain of canthaxanthin investigated by temperature-dependent resonance Raman spectra and density functional theory （DFT） calculations

We report on a temperature-dependent resonance Raman spectral characterization of the polyene chain of canthax- anthin. It is observed that all vibrational intensities of the polyene chain are inversely proportional to temperature, which is analyzed by the resonance Raman effect and the coherent weakly damped electron/lattice vibrations. The increase in intensity of the CC overtone/combination relative to the fundamental with temperature decreasing is detected and discussed in terms of electron/phonon coupling and the activation energy Uop. Moreover, the polyene chain studies using the density functional theory B3LYP/6-31 G＊ level reveal a prominent peak at 1525 cm-1 consisting of two closely spaced modes that are both dominated by C=C stretching coordinates of the polyene chain.     

Thermodynamic properties of 3C-SiC

In the present paper, we report on the results of various thermodynamic properties of 3C-SiC at high pressure and temperature using first principles calculations. We use the plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory as im- plemented in Quantum ESPRESSO code for calculating various cohesive properties in ambient condition. Further, ionic motion at a finite temperature is taken into account using the quasiharmonic Debye model. The calculated thermody- namic properties, phonon dispersion curves, and phonon densities of states at different temperatures and structural phase transitions at high pressures are found to be in good agreement with experimental and other theoretical results.     

The structural,elastic, and electronic properties of ZrxNbl-xC alloys from first principle calculations＊

The structural, elastic, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of ZrxNbl xC alloys are investigated using the first principles method based on the density functional theory. The results show that the structural properties of Zr~.Nb1 xC alloys vary continuously with the increase of Zr composition. The alloy possesses both the highest shear modulus （215 GPa） and a higher bulk modulus （294 GPa）, with a Zr composition of 0.21. Meanwhile, the Zr0.2! Nb0.79C alloy shows metallic conductivity based on the analysis of the density of states. In addition, the thermodynamic stability of the designed alloys is estimated using the calculated enthalpy of mixing.     

CERTAIN SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR STARLIKENESS AND CONVEXITY OF MEROMORPHICALLY MULTIVALENT FUNCTIONS

In this paper we derive certain suffcient conditions for starlikeness and con-vexity of orderαof meromorphically multivalent functions in the punctured unit disk.     

化学链重整过程中LaFeO3载氧体的CH4部分氧化反应机理研究

本研究基于密度泛函理论(DFT)计算揭示了化学链重整过程中LaFeO₃载氧体的CH₄部分氧化反应机理,通过系统研究CH₄吸附活化、H₂和CO形成以及氧扩散等基元反应步骤,构建了CH₄部分氧化反应网络。研究发现,CH₄发生逐步脱氢反应形成H原子,其中,CH₃脱氢反应所需要克服的能垒(1.50 eV)最高,是CH₄逐步脱氢反应的限速步骤。载氧体表面H₂形成有两种路径,其中,H原子从O顶位迁移到Fe顶位,然后与另外O顶位的H原子成键形成H₂分子是主要途径。由于其相对较低的能垒(1.27 eV),CO的形成过程较易发生。氧扩散需要克服1.35 eV的能垒,表明氧扩散过程需要在高温下进行且扩散速率较低。通过比较各基元反应能垒,发现H₂形成是LaFeO₃载氧体CH₄部分氧化反应动力学的限速步骤,而H迁移是限制H     

氢键流体中Janus粒子的过量熵

Janus粒子在结构和性质上的特殊性使其在不同溶剂中呈现出丰富的聚集态结构和相态结构,这与其在溶液中的过量熵密切相关.本文以Janus粒子与氢键流体的稀溶液体系为例,利用经典流体的密度泛函理论研究了氢键流体中Janus粒子的过量熵.首先在极稀条件下给出Janus粒子外氢键流体中的局域密度分布,由此得到Janus粒子与氢键流体的二体分布函数,进而计算了不同情况下的过量熵.在此基础上,阐明了Janus粒子与氢键流体间的相互作用、氢键流体的体相密度、氢键强度和氢键官能度等因素对过量熵的影响.本研究旨在揭示这些因素对过量熵的调控机制,在定量水平上明确Janus粒子在溶液中组装的驱动力,从而为深入研究其聚集态结构提供可借鉴的理论线索.     

双金属合金团簇M12Ni(M=Pt,Sn,Cu)催化甲烷干法重整反应的理论研究

利用密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了M₁₂Ni(M=Pt, Sn, Cu) 3种双金属合金团簇的电子活性和结构稳定性, 并探讨了甲烷干法重整反应(DRM)在M₁₂Ni双金属团簇表面的反应能量变化情况. 经比较发现甲烷脱氢和二氧化碳活化过程在Pt₁₂Ni团簇表面进行需克服的活化能垒最低, 反应最易进行. Sn₁₂Ni团簇上生成碳需要较高的活化能, 说明Sn₁₂Ni团簇能够有效抑制焦碳的生成, 一定程度上克服了碳沉积导致的催化剂失活现象, 并且Sn₁₂Ni团簇在C ^*和CH ^*氧化过程中表现出最佳的催化活性. Cu₁₂Ni团簇仅在甲烷脱氢过程中表现出较为优异的催化活性.     

钒硼双原子阳离子活化甲烷研究

Methane activation by transition metal species has been extensively investigated over the past few decades. It is observed that ground-state monocations of bare 3d transition metals are inert toward CH₄ at room temperature because of unfavorable thermodynamics. In contrast, many mono-ligated 3d transition metal cations, such as MO⁺ (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn), MH⁺ (M = Fe, Co), and NiX⁺ (X = H, CH₃, F), as well as several bis-ligated 3d transition metal cations including OCrO⁺, Ni(H)(OH)⁺, and Fe(O)(OH)⁺ activate the C―H bond of methane under thermal collision conditions because of the pronounced ligand effects. In most of the above-mentioned examples, the 3d metal atoms are observed to cooperate with the attached ligands to activate the C―H bond. Compared to the extensive studies on active species comprising of middle and late 3d transition metals, the knowledge about the reactivity of early 3d transition metal species toward methane and the related C―H activation mechanisms are still very limited. Only two early 3d transition metal species HMO⁺ (M = Ti and V) are discovered so far to activate the C―H bond of methane via participation of their metal atoms. In this study, by performing mass spectrometric experiments and density functional theory calculations, we have identified that the diatomic vanadium boride cation (VB⁺) can activate methane to produce a dihydrogen molecule and carbon-boron species under thermal collision conditions. The strong electrostatic interaction makes the reaction preferentially proceed the V side. To generate experimentally observed product ions, a two-state reactivity scenario involving spin conversion from high-spin sextet to low-spin quartet is necessary at the entrance of the reaction. This result is consistent with the reported reactions of 3d transition metal species with CH₄, in which the C―H bond cleavage generally occurs in the low-spin states, even if the ground states of the related active species are in the high-spin states. For VB⁺ + CH₄, the insertion of the synergetic V―B unit (rather than a single V or B atom) into the H₃C―H bond causes the initial C―H bond activation driven by the strong bond strengths of V―CH₃ and B―H. The mechanisms of methane activation by VB⁺ discussed in this study may provide useful guidance to the future studies on methane activation by early transition metal systems.