DERIVATION AND ANALYSIS OF A NEW RECONSTRUCTION FORMULA FROM CONE-BEAM PROJECTIONS

A new method to compute the first derivative of 3-D Radon transform is given for cone-beam data taken from any orbit. Smith [Ⅰ1] and Grangeat [5] even derived cone-beam inversion formulas which are the basic work in fully 3-D image reconstruction algorithm and are used extensively now. In this paper we will give a new inversion formula and a simple necessary and sufficient condition which guarantees the complete reconstruction algorithm.     

In Vivo Monitoring of Neovascularization in Tumour Angiogenesis by Photoacoustic Tomography

Photoacoustic tomography （PAT） is presented to in vivo monitor neovascularization in tumour angiogenesis with high resolution and high contrast images in a rat. With a circular scan system, the photoacoustic signal, generated by laser pulses at a wavelength of 532nm from a Q-switched Nd：YAG laser is captured by a hydrophone with a diameter of 1 mm and a sensitivity of 850nV/Pa. The vascular structure around the rat tumour is imaged clearly, with optimal contrast, because blood has strong absorption near this wavelength. Serial noninvasive photoacoustic images of neovascularization in tumour angiogenesis are also obtained consecutively from a growing tumour implanted under the skin of a rat over a period of two weeks. This work demonstrates that PAT can potentially provide a powerful tool for tumour angiogenesis detection in cancer research. It will bring us closer to clinical applications for tumour diagnosis and treatment monitoring.     

New method for measuring diesel nozzle orif ice inlet structures based on synchrotron X-ray tomography

Spray behavior is regarded as one of the main factors influencing engine performances, fuel consumption and emissions for diesel engines. Under high injection pressure, diesel spray behaviors are extremely sensitive to the nozzle internal geometries, especially the geometric structures of orifice entrance. Based on the synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography technique, the 3D digital models of nozzle tips can be constructed. A new automatic method is presented to reveal the inlet structures according to these nozzle orifice models. The planes passing through the orifice axis are determined and used to cut the models, and then the corresponding cutting images are applied to measure the inlet chamfer radii around the orifice axis automatically. The orifices of a single-hole nozzle and an eight-hole nozzle are measured according to this method. The results show that this method can automatically measure the orifice inlet chamfer radii around the orifice axis with high precision. The obtained inlet chamfer radius shows the whole profile of the orifice entrance, which is a precise feedback for nozzle designing and manufacturing, and it also provides precise geometrical boundary conditions for the study of spray behaviors.     

全息立体多重像的拍摄

本文介绍了用光栅对参考光进行调制,从而拍得全息立体多重像的方法。     

结直肠癌多层螺旋CT浸润征像与病理预后因子的关系

目的 探讨结直肠癌多层螺旋CT（MSCT）所见的浸润征象与病理预后因子的关系。方法 对32例结直肠癌患者,术前均行MSCT 水成像双期增强扫描,并用免疫组织化学方法检测手术病理标本中的p53、Ki67 阳性表达率及病理对照分析。结果 结直肠癌肠外浸润者p53、Ki67的阳性表达率分别为62.6％、74.5％,均高于肠壁肌层浸润者;区域淋巴结及远处转移者p53、Ki67的阳性表达率分别为65.8％、76.2％,均高于无淋巴结转移者（均P＜0.05）。结论 结直肠癌MSCT所见的浸润程度及区域淋巴结状态可作为临床评价结直肠癌的恶性度和预后的一个影像学指标,对术前判断结直肠癌术后复发转移潜能和预后有重要价值。     

水下气泡高速摄影光学系统设计

为了研究水下气泡的粒径、速度和浓度特性,提出基于高速电荷耦合器件(CCD)的气泡照明和三维摄影光学系统.采用532nm半导体激光器,基于伽利略结构用三个柱面镜设计了厚度1.5mm,宽度44mm的片光源。设计物像距530mm,放大率为0.4,1,2.5倍(×)的摄影光学系统,每组均由共用前组镜和会聚镜组成,中间以平行光中继。通过同步移动片光源和共用前组镜实现60mm×40mm视场内二维高速成像和纵向5mm扫描,具有结构简单、性能可靠的特点。对设计结果进行评价,0.4,1,2.5×成像光学系统在0.707ω,50lp/mm时调制传递函数值分别为0.58,0.55和0.38,能够分辨粒径范围为10～450μm的气泡。     

Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography Using Two-Phase Shifting Method

A two-phase shifting method is introduced to eliminate the strong autocorrelation noise inherent in spectral optical coherence tomography and to mitigate the unwanted auto- and cross-coherent terms introduced by the reflections from various optical interfaces present in the system. Fhrthermore, this method is also able to amplify the desired signal by a factor of 2. The feasibility of such a method is demonstrated using a mirror-like object. An intact porcine cornea tissue in vitro is also used to show the potential of this method for biological imaging.     

基于噪声和残缺投影图像的重建算法研究

滤波反投影法和迭代法是SR-CT重建算法中的两大类算法,松弛迭代法是迭代法中的一种;本文主要研究滤波反投影方法和松弛迭代法.为了研究两种方法的影响因素,讨论了滤波反投影法中滤波函数的选取,分析了松弛迭代法中重要参数,如松弛因子、迭代次数对重建效果的影响,给出了重建效果和这些参数的影响关系;对比了两种方法在处理噪声和残缺...     

CT对腹部创伤的临床诊断价值分析

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT 在腹部创伤诊断中的临床价值。方法 对132 例腹部创伤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,所有患者入院后均行CT 和彩色超声检查,以手术诊断结果为金标准对检查结果进行分析。结果 CT 检查对腹部创伤诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为93.67%、97.06%、94.69%;彩色超声检查对腹部创伤诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为86.96%、86.36% 和86.73%;两种检查灵敏度、特异度和准确率比较差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论 CT 对腹部创伤诊断的准确率、灵敏度及特异度都较高,可作为腹部创伤后对实质脏器损伤情况评价的重要影像学检查方法。     

自适应发射光谱体层析技术重建三维等离子体场

提出一种基于多目标优化原理的自适应权重因子调节发射光谱体层析图像重建新算法SVRT(Self_adap tiveVolumeReconstructionTechnique)。通过计算机数值模拟,考察了该算法对非对称单峰发射系数场分布的重建效果。结果表明,SVRT算法具有收敛快,重建精度高的特点,仅用两个方向的投影数据就能高精度地重建单峰三维发射系数场分布。作为一个应用实例,结合谱线相对强度测量方法重建了自由电弧等离子体的三维温度场及电离度场分布。