空间直角坐标系下平面法向量的求法

1.平面法向量的＂内积＂求法 设平面α的法向量=（x,y,z）,在平面α内任找两个不共线的向量、b作为基底.根据⊥平面α,得·=0且·b=0,由此得到关于x,y,z的三元方程组,解此方程组时,先用其中一元表示另两元,再令该元为一恰当值,即可得到.例1设=（1,-2,3）,b=（-2,-1,2）是平面α的一组基底,求平面α的一法向量.     

活用“减元”策略 化解“多元”问题

与多个变量有关的数学问题统称为多元问题,常见于函数、解析几何、不等式等知识中,是高考中的难点与热点.多元问题因其变量不止一个,结构相对复杂,方法灵活多变,学生往往失分严重.从解法上看,在＂多元视角＂下,对某些特殊类型的多元问题,可结合题目实际直接考虑线性规划法、不等式法、数形结合法等.     

DATA PREORDERING IN GENERALIZED PAV ALGORITHM FOR MONOTONIC REGRESSION

Monotonic regression （MR） is a least distance problem with monotonicity constraints induced by a partiaily ordered data set of observations. In our recent publication [In Ser. Nonconvex Optimization and Its Applications, Springer-Verlag, （2006） 83, pp. 25-33], the Pool-Adjazent-Violators algorithm （PAV） was generalized from completely to partially ordered data sets （posets）. The new algorithm, called CPAV, is characterized by the very low computational complexity, which is of second order in the number of observations. It treats the observations in a consecutive order, and it can follow any arbitrarily chosen topological order of the poset of observations. The CPAV algorithm produces a sufficiently accurate solution to the MR problem, but the accuracy depends on the chosen topological order. Here we prove that there exists a topological order for which the resulted CPAV solution is optimal. Furthermore, we present results of extensive numerical experiments, from which we draw conclusions about the most and the least preferable topological orders.     

二元光学在激光测距中的应用

利用二元光学器件的相位补偿作用进行波面变换,将高斯光束变换为平面光束,达到减小激光测距仪光束发散角的目的。在２０ｋｍ 处对激光光束发散角采用叠加积分衍射分析进行计算,得到结果为２ ×１０ － ４ｍｒａｄ , 远小于原来的２ｍｒａｄ 。计算还表明测程没有因能量损失而降低。     

实现冷原子或冷分子囚禁的双层光阱列阵

提出了一种新颖的实现冷原子或冷分子囚禁的双层光阱方案,它由二元π相位板列阵和会聚透镜列阵所组成,用平面光波通过此光学系统时将在透镜焦平面两侧形成双层光阱.介绍了产生双层光阱的基本原理,分析了光阱光强分布、强度梯度等与光学系统参数间的关系,研究了双层光阱囚禁原子(或分子)的光学偶极势和自发散射速率(包括瑞利散射和拉曼散射)等.该方案不仅可用于多样品原子(或分子)的光学囚禁及全光型玻色一爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC),而且可用于制备新颖的双层2D光学晶格.     

再谈配方法求一类二元函数的最值

文[1]、文[2]运用配方法求形如g（x，y）=ax^2＋bxy＋cy^2＋dx＋ey＋f的二元函数最值，配方成两个一次式的平方和加上一个常数的形式，美中不足的是，文[1]、文[2]所举范例配方中的两个一次式均出现了分式或分数，这就加大了配凑系数的难度，不够自然流畅．     

二元函数连续性条件之探析

对二元函数连续性判定条件给出了详细分析，强调有关问题的关键点，纠正了常见的模糊认识，得到一系列连续性充分条件及其推广形式．     

Phase-field simulation of dendritic growth in a binary alloy with thermodynamics data

This paper simulates the dendrite growth process during non-isothermal solidification in the Al-Cu binary alloy by using the phase-field model. The heat transfer equation is solved simultaneously. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters are directly obtained from existing database by using the Calculation of Phase Diagram （CALPHAD） method. The effects of the latent heat and undercooling on the dendrite growth, solute and temperature profile during the solidification of binary alloy are investigated. The results indicate that the dendrite growing morphologies could be simulated realistically by linking the phase-field method to CALPHAD. The secondary arms of solidification dendritic are better developed with the increase of undercooling. Correspondingly, the tip speed and the solute segregation in solid-liquid interface increase, but the tip radius decreases.     

HOMOCLINIC ORBITS FOR LAGRANGIAN SYSTEMS

The existence of at least two homoclinic orbits for Lagrangian system (LS) is proved, wherethe Lagrangian L(t,x,y) =1/2∑aij(x)yiyj-V(t, x), in which the potential V(t,x) is globallysurperquadratic in x and T-periodic in t. The Concentration-Compactness Lemma and Mini-max argument are used to prove the existences.