Prospects of reactor neutrino experiments

Since the energy of a reactor neutrino is a few MeV, all , and oscillations are accessible by reactor neutrino experiments. KamLAND observed the oscillation and currently Double Chooz, RENO and Dayabay experiments are under construction aiming to detect oscillation. There are still good prospects for future reactor neutrino experiments after them. For example, there is room to further improve sin²2θ₁₃ accuracy at a baseline of ∼1.5 km, a very precise sin²2θ₁₂ measurement and the determination of mass hierarchy may be possible at a baseline ∼50 km, and if KamLAND is enlarged to the SuperKamiokande size, better measurement of and sin²2θ₁₂ will be anticipated. It is important to take into account such possibilities when planning future neutrino program after θ₁₃ is measured by current experiments.     

The internal comparator method

An internal comparator method is proposed which offers reliable instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) results for samples with an irregular geometry and/or measured at the closest position to the Ge detector. Because the selected internal comparator in the sample analyzed will receive exactly the same thermal neutron flux as the other components, this method can be applied to the INAA of materials suffering from thermal neutron self-shielding. To apply the internal comparator method, the k₀-method must be installed and the analytes, including the internal comparator, should be homogeneously distributed in the test portion.     

NUMERICAL METHOD FOR SOLVING LINEAR BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS BY THE CHEBYSHEVτ_METHOD

A new τ_method is presented for the two dimensional linear boundary value problems. Theoretical and numerical analyses are presented. These results indicate that our method works nicely and efficiently.     

不分明化拓扑中的θ-连续函数和θ-紧性

本文在不分明化拓扑中从θ-开集出发给出了θ-连续函数和θ-紧性的概念,并讨论了它们的某些性质．     

On the appropriateness of “molecules-in-molecule” models in describing of π-electronic states of composed aromatic systems

Configuration analysis (CA) allows the straightforward derivation of electronic state correlation diagrams and the critical examination of the appropriateness of simple molecules-in-molecule approaches. The formerly thoroughly investigated fluoranthene is taken as an example. The advantage of composite-molecule approach is demonstrated by the use of energy spectra of fluoranthene analogues.     

Simple and Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazoles from θ-Diaminoarene and Aryl Aldehydes

An easy and efficient one-pot condensation method for the synthesis of substituted benzimidazoles from θ-phenylenediamines with aryl aldehydes using urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) and I₂ in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) provides wide substrate scope with good to excellent yields and simple and quick isolation of the products.     

Electrowetting — From statics to dynamics

More than one century ago, Lippmann found that capillary forces can be effectively controlled by external electrostatic forces. As a simple example, by applying a voltage between a conducting liquid droplet and the surface it is sitting on we are able to adjust the wetting angle of the drop. Since Lippmann's findings, electrocapillary phenomena – or electrowetting – have developed into a series of tools for manipulating microdroplets on solid surfaces, or small amounts of liquids in capillaries for microfluidic applications. In this article, we briefly review some recent progress of fundamental understanding of electrowetting and address some still unsolved issues. Specifically, we focus on static and dynamic electrowetting. In static electrowetting, we discuss some basic phenomena found in DC and AC electrowetting, and some theories about the origin of contact angle saturation. In dynamic electrowetting, we introduce some studies about this rather recent area. At last, we address some other capillary phenomena governed by electrostatics and we give an outlook that might stimulate further investigations on electrowetting.     

CONVERGENCE OF NUMERICAL SCHEMES FOR A CONSERVATION EQUATION WITH CONVECTION AND DEGENERATE DIFFUSION

The approximation of problems with linear convection and degenerate nonlinear difFusion,which arise in the framework of the transport of energy in porous media with thermodynamic transitions,is done usingθ-scheme based on the centred gradient discretisation method.The convergence of the numerical scheme is proved,although the test functions which can be chosen are restricted by the weak regularity hypotheses on the convection field,owing to the application of a discrete Gronwall lemma and a general result for the time translate in the gradient discretisation setting.Some numerical examples,using both the Control Volume Finite Element method and the Vertex Approximate Gradient scheme,show the role ofθfor stabilising the scheme.     

Several Dimensional θ-Summability and Hardy Spaces

The d-dimensional Hardy spaces H_p ( T × … × T ) (d = d₁ + … + d_kand a general summability method of Fourier series and Fourier transforms are introduced with the help of integrable functions θ_j having integrable Fourier transforms. Under some conditions on θ_j we show that the maximal operator of the θ-means of a distribution is bounded from H_p ( T × … × T ) to L_p ( T ^d) where p₀ < p < ∞ and p₀ < 1 is depending only on the functions θ_j. By an interpolation theorem we get that the maximal operator is also of weak type ( L₁) (i = 1, …, k) where the Hardy space is defined by a hybrid maximal function and if k = 1. As a consequence we obtain that the θ-means of a function (log L)^k–1 converge a.e. to the function in question. If k = 1 then we get this convergence result for all f ∈ L₁. Moreover, we prove that the θ-means are uniformly bounded on the spaces H_p ( T × … × T ) whenever p₀ <p < ∞, thus the θ-means converge to f in ( T × … × T ) norm. The same results are proved for the conjugate θ-means and for d-dimensional Fourier transforms, too. Some special cases of the θ-summation are considered, such as the Weierstrass, Picar, Bessel, Fejér, Riemann, de La Vallée-Poussin, Rogosinski and Riesz summations.