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41.
During the past several years infrared thermography has evolved into a powerful investigative means of thermo-fluid-dynamic analysis to measure convective heat fluxes as well as to investigate the surface flow field behaviour over complicated body shapes. The basic concepts that govern this innovative measurement technique together with some particular aspects linked to its use are herein reviewed. Different operating methods together with their implementations are also discussed. Finally, the capability of infrared thermography to deal with several simple, or complex, fluid flow configurations is analysed. 相似文献
42.
Temporal sequences of planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) images of several high-speed, transient flowfields created in a reflection-type shock tunnel facility were acquired. In each case, the test gas contained either nitric oxide or the hydroxyl radical, the fluorescent species. The processes of shock reflection from an endwall with a converging nozzle and of underexpanded free jet formation were examined. A comparison was also made between PLIF imaging and shadow photography. The investigation demonstrated some of the capabilities of PLIF imaging diagnostics in complex, transient, hypersonic flowfields, including those with combustion.Nomenclature
A
spontaneous emission rate
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A
las
cross sectional area of laser sheet
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B
laser absorption rate
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C
opt
constant dependent on optical arrangement, collection efficiency, etc.
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D
nozzle throat diameter
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E
p
laser pulse energy
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f
J
Boltzmann fraction of absorbing state
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g
spectral convolution of laser and absorption lineshapes
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k
Boltzmann constant
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M
s
incident shock Mach number
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N
noise, root-mean-square signal fluctuation
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P
static pressure
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P
1
initial pressure of test gas in shock tube
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P
a
free jet ambient pressure
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P
s
stagnation pressure
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Q
electronic quenching rate of excited state
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S
PLIF signal
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t
time between shock reflection and image acquisition
-
T
static temperature
-
T
s
stagnation temperature
-
a
mole fraction of absorbing species 相似文献
43.
Jung-Ryul Lee He-Jin Shin Chen Ciang Chia Dipesh Dhital Dong-Jin Yoon Yong-Hak Huh 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2011,49(12):1361-1371
Wind turbine blade failure is the most prominent and common type of damage occurring in operating wind turbine systems. Conventional nondestructive testing systems are not available for in situ wind turbine blades. We propose a portable long distance ultrasonic propagation imaging (LUPI) system that uses a laser beam targeting and scanning system to excite, from a long distance, acoustic emission sensors installed in the blade. An examination of the beam collimation effect using geometric parameters of a commercial 2 MW wind turbine provided Lamb wave amplitude increases of 41.5 and 23.1 dB at a distance of 40 m for symmetrical and asymmetrical modes, respectively, in a 2 mm-thick stainless steel plate. With this improvement in signal-to-noise ratio, a feasibility study of damage detection was conducted with a 5 mm-thick composite leading edge specimen. To develop a reliable damage evaluation system, the excitation/sensing technology and the associated damage visualization algorithm are equally important. Hence, our results provide a new platform based on anomalous wave propagation imaging (AWPI) methods with adjacent wave subtraction, reference wave subtraction, reference image subtraction, and the variable time window amplitude mapping method. The advantages and disadvantages of AWPI algorithms are reported in terms of reference data requirements, signal-to-noise ratios, and damage evaluation accuracy. The compactness and portability of the proposed UPI system are also important for in-field applications at wind farms. 相似文献
44.
45.
46.
分割图像插值的一种局部算法 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
对于医学序列切片,图像上像素之间的间隔常常小于切片之间的距离,而在图像处理中,常常需要它们有一致的分辨率。对于已分割的切片图像,插入的切片图像也应是分割的图像。本文提出了一种图像插值的局部算法,该算法在产生新插入图像每点的分割信息与颜色信息时,计算只与相邻切片图像的局部像素值有关。因此既保持了相邻切片的物体形态过渡自然,又具有良好的数值稳定性。应用该算法于医学序列切片进行插值时,可达到良好的视觉效果。算法已成功应用于医学数据的三维重建系统。 相似文献
47.
Multiphase fluid dynamics and transport processes of low capillary number cavitating flows 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wei Shyy 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2009,25(2):161-172
To better understand the multiphase fluid dynamics and associated transport processes of cavitating flows at the capillary number of 0.74 and 0.54, and to validate the numerical results, a combined computational and experimental investigation of flows around a hydrofoil is studied based on flow visualizations and time-resolved interface movement. The computational model is based on a modified RNG k-ε model as turbulence closure, along with a vapor-liquid mass transfer model for treating the cavitation process. Overall, favorable agreement between the numerical and experimental results is observed. It is shown that the cavi- tation structure depends on the interaction of the water-vapor mixture and the vapor among the whole cavitation stage, the interface between the vapor and the two-phase mixture exhibits substantial unsteadiness. And, the adverse motion of the interface relates to pressure and velocity fluctuations inside the cavity. In particular, the velocity in the vapor region is lower than that in the two-phase region. 相似文献
48.
Direct visualization of the structural defects in two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors at a large scale plays a significant role in understanding their electrical/optical/magnetic properties, but is challenging. Although traditional atomic resolution imaging techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy, can directly image the structural defects, they provide only local-scale information and require complex setups. Here, we develop a simple, non-invasive wet etching method to directly visualize the structural defects in 2D semiconductors at a large scale, including both point defects and grain boundaries. Utilizing this method, we extract successfully the defects density in several different types of monolayer molybdenum disulfide samples, providing key insights into the device functions. Furthermore, the etching method we developed is anisotropic and tunable, opening up opportunities to obtain exotic edge states on demand. 相似文献
49.
等离子体激励器电极组相位不同便产生多相等离子体气动激励,建立了粒子图像测速仪流场参数测试系统,利用粒子图像测速仪技术,研究了非对称布局等离子体气动激励诱导空气流动特性,分析了多相等离子体气动激励对诱导空气流动速度的影响。结果表明:粒子图像测速仪流场测试系统能够准确地反映等离子体气动激励诱导空气流动的流场空间结构,等离子体气动激励诱导空气流动是平行于激励器的近壁面射流,多相等离子体气动激励能够增大等离子体气动激励诱导气流速度,或者使等离子体气动激励影响流场区域增大。粒子图像测速仪系统是深入研究等离子体气动激励的流场结构最佳的方式之一。 相似文献
50.
本文采用“响应曲面法”设计了三维随机分析程序,可对多种材料组成的三维结构进行破坏概率计算,并在Windows下实现了计算结果的可视化。 相似文献