全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4136篇 |
免费 | 395篇 |
国内免费 | 324篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 911篇 |
晶体学 | 10篇 |
力学 | 524篇 |
综合类 | 74篇 |
数学 | 2013篇 |
物理学 | 1323篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 56篇 |
2022年 | 98篇 |
2021年 | 95篇 |
2020年 | 131篇 |
2019年 | 112篇 |
2018年 | 112篇 |
2017年 | 148篇 |
2016年 | 168篇 |
2015年 | 101篇 |
2014年 | 209篇 |
2013年 | 295篇 |
2012年 | 218篇 |
2011年 | 227篇 |
2010年 | 243篇 |
2009年 | 227篇 |
2008年 | 303篇 |
2007年 | 236篇 |
2006年 | 225篇 |
2005年 | 251篇 |
2004年 | 212篇 |
2003年 | 197篇 |
2002年 | 152篇 |
2001年 | 136篇 |
2000年 | 94篇 |
1999年 | 109篇 |
1998年 | 65篇 |
1997年 | 80篇 |
1996年 | 59篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 38篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 24篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有4855条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
The complexity of different quality standards can, in principle, be covered by different approaches and strategies. In-depth
process mapping of quality control (QC) work streams was used by the analytical laboratories of Lonza AG to show up the principle
differences in being compliant to different quality systems. The results identified two main drivers for all necessary actions:
process-related activities and infrastructure-related activities. In addition, a clear indication of the economic impact of
these driving forces was gained, which led the laboratories to decide on a process-oriented approach. This approach has the
advantage of being able to reflect the different demands of different quality assurance (QA) regulations within the same QC
organizational structure. Following the process helps avoid unnecessary efforts in analytical work and represents a very economical
approach, at the same time, providing high flexibility to react to different QA or customer demands.
Received: 5 July 2002 Accepted: 12 November 2002
Acknowledgements The process-oriented approach resulted from many, very challenging discussions for which I would like to thank the staff
of my organization (Analytics & QC), especially, the QA staff and the LIMS team.
Presented at Analytica Conference, 23–26 April 2002, Munich, Germany
Correspondence to B. Ciommer 相似文献
42.
The graphical unitary group approach has been applied in an efficient implementation of a general multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) method for use with small active molecular orbital spaces in a semiempirical framework. Gradients can be computed analytically for molecular orbitals from a closed-shell or a half-electron open-shell Hartree-Fock calculation. CPU times for single point energy and gradient calculations are reported. The code allows MRCI geometry optimizations of large molecules, as illustrated for the singlet ground state and the four lowest triplet states of fullerene C(76). 相似文献
43.
Shuang Zhang 《K-Theory》1992,6(1):1-27
We first determine the homotopy classes of nontrivial projections in a purely infinite simpleC*-algebraA, in the associated multiplier algebraM(A) and the corona algebraM
A/A in terms ofK
*(A). Then we describe the generalized Fredholm indices as the group of homotopy classes of non-trivial projections ofA; consequently, we determine theK
*-groups of all hereditaryC*-subalgebras of certain corona algebras. Secondly, we consider a group structure of *-isomorphism classes of hereditaryC*-subalgebras of purely infinite simpleC*-algebras. In addition, we prove that ifA is aC*-algebra of real rank zero, then each unitary ofA, in caseA it unital, each unitary ofM(A) and ofM(A)/A, in caseA is nonunital but -unital, can be factored into a product of a unitary homotopic to the identity and a unitary matrix whose entries are all partial isometries (with respect to a decomposition of the identity).Partially supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation. 相似文献
44.
Quan Zheng 《European Polymer Journal》2006,42(4):807-814
Two dendritic reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT) agents with 8 and 16 terminal dithiobenzoate (DTB) groups on the surface of poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers (generation 2.0 and 3.0, respectively) were successively prepared, and they were used in the RAFT polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAM). The polymerization kinetics was confirmed to pseudo-first-order behavior. The 1H NMR and GPC analyses show that the dendrimer-star den (NIPAAM)x (x = 8 or 16) prepared by RAFT method has well-defined structure, controlled molecular weight and low polydispersities (PDI < 1.3). The aqueous solution prepared from dendrimer-star PNIPAAM showed reversible changes in optical properties: transparent below a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and opaque above the LCST. 相似文献
45.
In this paper, by capturing the atomic information and reflecting the behaviour governed by the nonlinear potential function,
an analytical molecular mechanics approach is proposed. A constitutive relation for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT’s)
is established to describe the nonlinear stress-strain curve of SWCNT’s and to predict both the elastic properties and breaking
strain of SWCNT’s during tensile deformation. An analysis based on the virtual internal bond (VIB) model proposed by P. Zhang
et al. is also presented for comparison. The results indicate that the proposed molecular mechanics approach is indeed an
acceptable analytical method for analyzing the mechanical behavior of SWCNT’s.
The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10121202, 90305015 and 10328203), the Key Grant
Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (0306) and the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,
China (HKU 7195/04E). 相似文献
46.
47.
48.
利用量子力学中的密度矩阵算符理论导出了P schl-Teller势阱中的线性与三阶非线性光学折射率的解析表达式。P schl-Teller势阱中有两个可调参数κ和λ,势阱的形状及其非对称性会随势阱参数的取值不同而明显不同,从而其线性与非线性光学折射率变化的大小也会随势阱参数和入射光强的变化而呈规律性的变化。文章以典型的GaAs/AlGaAs势阱为例作了数值计算,数值计算结果表明,势阱的形状和入射光强对光学折射率有着重要的影响。 相似文献
49.
50.
文章简要介绍了“数字信号处理”与“数字信号处理器(DSP)”的发展历史.在数字信号处理的应用中,实时实现是非常重要的,而DSP在实时处理中,扮演了一个重要的角色.文章中还介绍了DSP在实际应用中的一些关键技术,例如DSP的种类和选型,DSP的开发工具,实时软件的开发过程等.最后,还介绍了一些DSP的应用实例,如语音编码器,视频电话和视频会议系统,用于雷达和声纳的DSP并行处理系统 相似文献