Slip-line field solution for ultimate bearing capacity of a pipeline on clay soils

A slip-line field solution is presented for the ultimate bearing capacity of the pipeline on a purely-cohesive clay soil, taking into account of circular configuration of the pipe, the pipe embedment, and the pipe-soil interfacial cohesion. The derived bearing capacity factors for a smooth rigid pipe may degenerate into those for the conventional rectangular-shaped strip footing while the pipe embedment approaches zero. Parametric studies indicate that, the pipe-soil interfacial properties have much influence on the bearing capacity for the pipe foundation on clayedy soils.     

Primary pressure wave in a fluid after actuation of a pipeline valve

This paper considers the variation in the velocity, density, and pressure of an inviscid compressible fluid due to flow acceleration or deceleration after a change in the flow area of a valve installed on the pipeline with rigid walls. Expressions are given for the amplitude of the primary compression or rarefaction wave resulting form the change in flow area of the valve.Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 78–84, January–February, 2005     

Rheology of low viscosity,high concentration brown coal suspensions

The paper describes how the theology of low concentration brown coal suspensions can be exploited to produce high concentration, low viscosity suspensions which are attractive as a potential coal-water fuel. Brown coal suspensions with solid concentrations approaching those of bituminous black coal have been prepared. The high inherent water content ( 60 wt %) and macroporosity of the brown coal have been reduced by thermal and chemical means. The hydrophobicity of the coal surface has been increased sufficiently to reduce the tendency for swelling and water uptake. This, together with densification, has allowed the solids content to be progressively improved from 30 wt % solids with raw coal to 65 wt% solids with modified coals while maintaining the viscosity of the suspension at a low level. The high solid concentration was achieved without additives.     

天然气管道止裂构件的分析和设计

在钢制天然气输送管道上，经常应用机械止裂构件来防止可能发生的裂纹迅速扩展事故，这些止裂构件的作用是减小管壁开裂后的张开变形，降低裂纹驱动力的峰值，其结果使止裂可能发生，这被认为是在不能阻止裂纹起裂的情况下，防止裂纹扩展灾难性破坏的第二道防线，基于流体／结构／断裂耦合计算程序ＰＦＲＡＣ，该文发展了分析这些止裂构件的方法，推导含平面初曲率三维曲梁的动力学有限元模拟并结合入ＰＦＲＡＣ程序之中，用来模拟这     

Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Different Parameters on the Rate of Asphaltene Deposition in Laminar Flow and Its Prediction Using Heat Transfer Approach

In this study, asphaltene deposition from crude oil on the pipe surface has been studied experimentally using a novel designed test loop. Washing technique is used to quantitatively measure the rate of asphaltene deposition during laminar flow in the steel pipe. The effects of oil velocity, asphaltene content, and surface temperature on the thickness of asphaltene deposition are investigated. The results show that the asphaltene deposition rate increases with increasing surface temperature, results in asphaltene content reduction of the flowing crude oil. As the oil velocity increases, less deposition was noticed on the surface of the pipe. Besides, thermal approach was applied to the experimental procedure which shows good agreements between the predicted thickness and the measured value from the test loop.     

Nonlinear vibration analysis of pipeline considering the effects of soft nonlinear clamp

Applied Mathematics and Mechanics - Soft nonlinear support is a major engineering project, but there are few relevant studies. In this paper, a dynamic pipeline model with soft nonlinear supports...     

2%氢气含量对X80管线钢断裂韧性和缺陷容限的影响

氢气的存在会劣化金属材料的力学性能,导致材料发生氢脆断裂,严重影响含氢天然气输送管线的安全输送,为此本文开展X80 管线钢在含氢环境中的断裂韧性试验,通过对比无氢环境,评定氢气的存在对X80管线钢断裂韧性和缺陷容限的影响规律,利用扫描电镜对断口进行观察分析,判断其在不同条件下的断裂模式。结果表明,在12 MPa的输送压力环境中掺入2% H₂,X80管线钢的断裂韧性比氮气环境有一定程度的下降,X80管线钢在氮气中的裂纹尖端张开位移 (crack tip opening displacement, CTOD)值为0.42 mm,在氢气中的值为0.33 mm,2% H₂使X80的断裂韧性下降21.42%,相应地氢气降低了管线钢允许的缺陷尺寸。从断口的形貌来看,氢气并没有改变材料的断裂模式,仍表现出明显的韧性断裂的特征,但局部有少量微裂纹存在。

     

基于PSO–GPR含缺陷管道失效应力预测

传统对含缺陷管道失效应力的预测方法存在误差偏大的问题。针对该问题,利用MATLAB软件建立基于PSO–GPR（particle swarm optimization–Gaussian process regression）含缺陷管道失效应力预测模型。通过对60组含缺陷管道的试验数据进行测试,发现预测结果与实测结果均在95%置信区间内,表明可以将均值作为预测结果。对预测结果进行分析表明：高斯过程回归的预测结果与实测结果的最小相对误差为0.003%,最大相对误差为1.205%,平均相对误差为0.319%,基于预测结果和实测结果的散点均落在曲线y = x的 ±1.3%误差带中,验证了高斯过程回归预测模型的准确性,为管道的工程实际应用与维修提供较为精准的判断依据。

     

顺序输送混油过程的二维数值分析

采用二维对流扩散模型对成品油顺序输送中的混油问题进行了数值模拟研究, 运用目前求解对流扩散方程比较有效的两步法, 对层流态和湍流态顺序输送的混油段流动分别进行了数值计算, 分析了层流态和湍流态下的顺序输送规律, 表明湍流态输送比层流态输送的混油量要小, 并得到了混油截面平均浓度随时间的变化特点, 以及湍流扩散系数对混油浓度的影响规律.