失谐耦合摆运动规律的研究

利用拉格朗日方法,理论上分析了失谐耦合摆的运动规律,并从实验上观测了弹簧的倾斜因子ε对双摆振动角频率的不同影响,确定了弹簧向下偏离平衡位置时较向上偏离时对两摆角频率的影响大,通过改变弹簧的倾斜因子可以连续调节摆的振动规律。在此基础上,研究了双倾斜弹簧连接双摆时对双摆运动规律的影响。     

甘肃省会宁县高一学生六种矿物元素营养状况调查与评价

为进一步改善和提高学生的身体素质和营养状况提供科学依据,调查并评价了会宁县高一学生机体钙、铁、锌、铜、镁、磷6种矿物元素营养状况,包括：随机整群抽样法选取研究对象;24h回顾法结合称质量法、记账法,收集被调查者连续7d的食物摄入情况;采集清晨空腹静脉血测血清磷含量以及指端末梢血测钙、铁、锌、铜、镁含量,同步测量体格发育状况（包括身高、体质量和胸围）和智力相关指标（联合瑞文IQ值）。结果表明,调查对象血液中6种矿物元素含量在性别间的差异均具显著性（P〈0．05）,全血锌和全血铁含量低于参考值低限的百分比女生多于男生,其余男生多于女生;32．25％的男生和13．89％的女生全血钙含量低于参考值;不足1％的全血镁含量低于参考值低限;血清磷含量均在参考值低限之上;全血铜含量城乡分布存在差异（P〈0．05）。调查对象膳食铁、钙和锌摄入量在性别间的差异存在显著性（P〈0．05）,调查对象膳食摄入量99％以上钙未达到适宜摄入量,20％左右锌、铜、镁未达到适宜摄人量。调查对象瑞文IQ值性别间差异不明显。多元回归分析显示锌、磷、镁含量的多寡对该地区学生智力发育有较大的影响,而磷、镁、钙对体格发育有较大的促进作用。膳食供给中80％的钙、90％的铁、85％的锌、90％的磷来源于植物性食物。可见调查对象6种矿物元素血中营养水平未达到参考值的人数和膳食摄入量未达推荐摄入量的人数均较多。膳食矿物元素供给主要来源于植物性食物,动物性食物摄入过少,建议因地制宜,合理地调控食物供应,增加动物性食物的供给,同时对当地人群进行营养教育,以便于进一步提高当地学生健康水平。     

不同物理形态复合肥的激光诱导击穿光谱特性分析

为深入了解激光诱导击穿光谱技术应用于复合肥成分的检测机制,选用不同物理形态(粉状和颗粒状)的复合肥样品,在不同压力下制得片状样品进行实验,以分析不同物理形态复合肥样品的激光诱导击穿光谱特性。实验分别对比了0,0.5,2,4,6MPa下粉末和颗粒的N,P,K的等离子体光谱特性。研究结果表明,在压力较小时,两种形态样品的光谱特性存在较大差别,且颗粒状样品的谱线强度明显高于粉末状样品。而随着压力的增加,两者的光谱特性的差别逐渐减小。对于同一形态样品,随着压力的增加,各主要元素的特征谱线强度均呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势。     

聚合物物理属性对离子注入效应的影响

聚合物导电性能差, 表面电荷积聚所产生的电容效应致使其表面电位衰减, 采用等离子体浸没离子注入对其表面改性是非常困难的. 建立了绝缘材料等离子体浸没离子注入过程的粒子模拟(PIC)模型, 实时跟踪离子在等离子体鞘层中的运动形态及特性并进行统计分析. 并基于PIC模型, 将聚合物表面的二次电子发射系数直接与离子注入即时能量建立关联, 研究了聚合物厚度、介电常数和二次电子发射系数等物理量对鞘层演化、离子注入能量和剂量的影响规律. 研究结果表明: 当聚合物厚度小于200 μ m, 相对介电常数大于7, 二次电子发射系数小于0.5时, 离子注入剂量和高能离子所占的份额与导体离子注入情况相当. 通过对聚合物表面离子注入剂量和高能离子所占份额的研究, 为绝缘材料和半导体材料表面等离子体浸没离子注入的实现提供了理论和实验依据.     

设计性物理实验教学方法改革

大学物理设计性实验是提高大学生解决问题能力很好的手段,科学合理的教学模式是提高设计性实验教学效果的有力保障。通过黑盒子设计性实验,采用问卷调查等手段,总结出＂四级设计性教学模式＂。实践证明这种方法能够提高学生解决问题的能力,养成大学生分析问题的良好的学习习惯。     

开放式创新型实验物理教学中心的建设与发展

对实验物理教学中心基础建设、教学质量监控管理、师资队伍建设以及教学环境建设等工作进行了探索与总结,项目的实施促进了大学生创新能力与素质的培养,确保了教学质量的稳步提高.     

Optoelectronic property tailoring of conjugated heterocyclic azomethines – the effect of pyrrole,thiophene and furans

A series of de novo symmetric heterocyclic azomethine dyads and triads consisting uniquely of furans, thiophenes, pyrroles and methyl‐pyrroles were prepared. These were prepared to investigate the effect of various heterocycles and the degree of conjugation on the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties. The crystallographic structures of the symmetric azomethines were also compared with their unsymmetric and heterocyclic and homoaryl counterparts. It was found that for a similar series, bathochromic absorbance and fluorescence shifts occurred when progressing in the order of furan < thiophene < pyrrole ≈ methyl‐pyrrole. The spectroscopic properties of the heterocyclic azomethines were also bathochromically shifted relative to their homoaryl analogues as a result of increased degree of conjugation and electronic effects. The former was in part confirmed by crystallographic studies showing the heterocycles adopted co‐planar and antiparallel arrangements. Although all the compounds studied showed weak fluorescence at room temperature, their fluorescence could be restored at low temperatures, implying deactivation of the singlet excited manifold by bond rotation. Meanwhile, irreversible oxidation was observed for all the azomethines studied and their oxidation potentials were contingent on the heterocycle and number of azomethines, ranging between 0.8 and 1.4 V versus Ag⁺. The irreversible oxidation was due to radical cation cross‐coupling resulting in products with higher degrees of conjugation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

水合物藏降压开采实验及数值模拟

建立了降压法开采水合物藏数学模型,考虑了气-水-水合物-冰相多相渗流、水合物相变及分解动力学过程、冰-水相变、热传导、对流过程、渗透率变化等对于水合物分解的影响。三维水合物藏模拟表明:在开采前期阶段,可采用降压法,但随着储层能量消耗,产气速度下降很快,需转变开采方式。分析了一些主要参数,如孔隙度、渗透率、饱和度、压力等对水合物开采的影响。     

Gravity at sea--A memoir of a marine geophysicist

A history of studies on the gravity measurements at sea in Japan is reviewed with an emphasis on the contribution of the author. The first successful measurements at sea were made in 1923 by Vening Meinesz in the Netherlands using the pendulum apparatus installed in a submarine. However, the gravity measurements using a submarine are not convenient because the access to a submarine is limited. Professor Chuji Tsuboi made a number of unsuccessful attempts at developing a gravity meter that can be operated on a normal surface ship by reducing the noise by minimizing the motion of the gravity meter through a mechanical design. I have chosen a new approach toward the measurements of gravity on a surface ship by simplifying the mechanical part using a string gravity meter that was installed directly on a vertical gyroscope in combination with the numerical and/or electronic reduction of noises. With this gravity meter TSSG (Tokyo Surface Ship Gravity Meter), we firstly succeeded in measuring gravity at sea onboard a surface ship in July 1961 and the measurements have been extended to the northwestern Pacific and beyond. The results reveal the fine structures of gravity field in and around trenches that provide important clues as to a number of geodynamic issues including the nature of the trench-trench interaction and the interaction of trenches with seamounts.     

摆线性质的物理分析方法

通过一道高考物理试题引出对摆线性质的讨论,以物理学中的纯滚动为模型从物理学的角度导出了摆线的性质.