Two new triterpenoids from Nauclea officinalis

Two new triterpenoids and three 27-nor-triterpenoids were isolated from the stems (with bark) of Nauclea officinalis. Their structures were identified to be 2β,3β,19α,23-tetrahydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (1), 2β,3β,19α,23-tetrahydroxy-urs-12-en-28-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl (1-2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl] ester (2), pyrocincholic acid 3β-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (3), pyrocincholic acid 3β-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosy1-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (4), pyrocincholic acid 3β-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosy1-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (5) by spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-MS analyses. The cytotoxic activity of 1–5 against lung cancer A-549 cells was also investigated.     

Well-Orientation Strategy Biosynthesis of Cefuroxime-Silver Nanoantibiotic for Reinforced Biodentine™ and Its Dental Application against Streptococcus mutans

Dental caries results from the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and is the maximum critical reason for caries formation. Consequently, the present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a newly synthesized nanoantibiotic–Biodentine formulation. The silver nanoparticles (ROE-AgNPs) were biosynthesized from the usage of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract (ROE) and conjugated with cefuroxime to form Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs. Using Biodentine™ (BIOD), five groups of dental materials were prepared, in which Group A included conventional BIOD, Group B included BIOD with ROE-AgNPs, Groups C and D included BIOD with Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5% cefuroxime, respectively, and Group E included BIOD with 1.5% cefuroxime. The synthesized ROE-AgNPs or Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs were characterized for conjugating efficiency, morphology, particle size, and in vitro release. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the cefuroxime, ROE-AgNPs, and Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs were additionally evaluated against cefuroxime resistant S. mutans, which furthered antibacterial efficacy of the five groups of dental materials. The UV-Visible spectrum showed the ROE-AgNPs or Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs peaks and their formation displayed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) analysis. The end result of Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs showed conjugating efficiency up to 79%. Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs displayed the highest antibacterial efficacy against S. mutans as compared to cefuroxime or ROE-AgNPs alone. Moreover, the MIC of ROE-AgNPs and Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs was detected against S. mutans to be 25 and 8.5 μg/mL, respectively. Consequently, Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs displayed that a decrease in the MIC reached to more than three-fold less than MIC of ROE-AgNPs on the tested strain. Moreover, Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs/BIOD was employed as a novel dental material that showed maximum antimicrobial activity. Groups C and D of novel materials showed inhibitory zones of 19 and 26 mm, respectively, against S. mutans and showed high antimicrobial rates of 85.78% and 91.17%, respectively. These data reinforce the utility of conjugating cefuroxime with ROE-AgNPs to retrieve its efficiency against resistant S. mutant. Moreover, the nanoantibiotic delivered an advantageous antibacterial effect to BIOD, and this may open the door for future conjugation therapy of dental materials against bacteria that cause dental caries.     

金盏菊原生质体对土壤铅/镉响应机制的FTIR,2D-IR和XPS证据

土壤修复是"十四五"期间国家重点支持的环保领域,是实现社会可持续发展的重要保障.与其他方法相比,植物修复技术整体优势突出,对于土壤重金属的去除净化更为有效.原生质体是植物细胞代谢活动的重要场所,相对于细胞壁而言,原生质体对重金属胁迫的生理响应同样强烈.现阶段,同类植物修复机制研究多从分子生物学层面切入;本研究则从谱学角...     

Neocornuside A–D,Four Novel Iridoid Glycosides from Fruits of Cornus officinalis and Their Antidiabetic Activity

Four previously undescribed iridoid glycosides neocornuside A–D (1–4), along with six known ones (5–10), were isolated from Cornus officinalis fruit. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic (NMR, UV, IR, and MS) analysis and comparison with data reported in the literature. All isolates were assessed for their antidiabetic activity on the relative glucose consumption in insulin-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. The results showed that compounds 1, 3, and 7 exhibited significant antidiabetic activities with EC₅₀ values of 0.582, 1.275, and 0.742 μM, respectively. Moreover, compounds 1, 3, and 7 could improve the ability of 2-NBDG uptake of insulin-induced HepG2 cells.     

Quantitative Proteome Analysis Reveals Melissa officinalis Extract Targets Mitochondrial Respiration in Colon Cancer Cells

Melissa officinalis (MO), known as lemon balm, is a popular ingredient blended in herbal tea. In recent decades, the bioactivities of MO have been studied in sub-health and pathological status, highlighting MO possesses multiple pharmacological effects. We previously showed that hot water MO extract exhibited anticancer activity in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the detailed mechanisms underlying MO-induced cell death remain elusive. To elucidate the anticancer regulation of MO extract in colon cancer, a data-driven analysis by proteomics approaches and bioinformatics analysis was applied. An isobaric tandem mass tags-based quantitative proteome analysis using liquid chromatography–coupled tandem mass spectrometry was performed to acquire proteome-wide expression data. The over-representation analysis and functional class scoring method were implemented to interpret the MO-induced biological regulations. In total, 3465 quantifiable proteoforms were identified from 24,348 peptides, with 67 upregulated and 54 downregulated proteins in the MO-treated group. Mechanistically, MO impeded mitochondrial respiratory electron transport by triggering a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress response. MO hindered the mitochondrial membrane potential by reducing the protein expression in the electron transport chain, specifically the complex I and II, which could be restored by ROS scavenger. The findings comprehensively elucidate how MO hot water extract activates antitumor effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.     

The Oral Administration of Sanguisorba officinalis Extract Improves Physical Performance through LDHA Modulation

Muscle fatigue is induced by an acute or chronic physical performance inability after excessive physical activity often associated with lactate accumulation, the end-product of glycolysis. In this study, the water-extracted roots of Sanguisorba officinalis L., a herbal medicine traditionally used for inflammation and diarrhea, reduced the activities of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) in in vitro enzyme assay myoblast C2C12 cells and murine muscle tissue. Physical performance measured by a treadmill test was improved in the S. officinalis-administrated group. The analysis of mouse serum and tissues showed significant changes in lactate levels. Among the proteins related to energy metabolism-related physical performance, phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) levels were enhanced, whereas the amount of LDHA was suppressed. Therefore, S. officinalis might be a candidate for improving physical performance via inhibiting LDHA and glycolysis.     

Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of naphthofuranquinones from the twigs of tropical mangrove Avicennia officinalis

Abstract

Mangrove plants are endowed with various biologically active compounds which have potent antibacterial and antioxidant properties. In present study, a bioactivity-guided fractionation for antibacterial and antioxidant active metabolites from the twigs of Avicennia officinalis collected from Kuala Selangor Nature Park, Selangor, Malaysia gave 13 major fractions. The antibacterial activity of A. officinalis fractions using well-diffusion showed strong selectivity on the Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis) with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 0.156-5.00?mg/mL. However, no antibacterial activities were observed on the Gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio cholera, Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli). The active antibacterial fractions were further isolated using several chromatographic techniques to give two naphthofuranquinones, namely, avicenol C (1) and stenocarpoquinone B (2). Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of A. officinalis fractions were evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging assay exhibited low antioxidant activities. Molecular structure of the naphthofuranquinones was elucidated using 1?D and 2?D NMR spectroscopy.     

A new secoiridoid glycoside from the fruits of Cornus officinalis (Cornaceae)

A new secoiridoid glycoside, 7β-O-dimethyl butanedioate morroniside (1) was isolated from the fruits of Cornus officinalis (Cornaceae) along with the known compound, caffeoyltartaric acid dimethyl ester (2) which was isolated from the family Cornaceae for the first time. Their structures were elucidated by physical and spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, ESI-MS and CD experiments.     

A new indole alkaloid with anti-inflammatory from the branches of Nauclea officinalis

Abstract

A new indole alkaloid, 17-oxo-19-(Z)-naucline, and six known alkaloids 2–7 were isolated from the branches of Nauclea officinalis. The structure of the new compound 1 was characterised mainly by analysing its physical data including IR, 1?D, 2?D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS. Other compounds were identified by comparisons their data with those reported in the literature. Compound1, 4, 5, 6, 7 showed in vitro anti-inflammatory activity decrease the LPS-stimulated production of nitric oxide in RAW264.7 cell, while all compounds exhibited weak cytotoxicity against human tumour cell lines (LOVO, A549 and HepG2).     

巴戟天内生真菌Trichoderma spirale A725中两个新的聚酮类化合物(英文)

综合运用硅胶柱色谱、反相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱以及制备型高效液相色谱技术对药用植物巴戟天内生真菌Trichoderma spirale A725的次生代谢产物进行分离纯化,得到6个聚酮类化合物,采用多种现代波谱技术确定其结构,分别为:6-羟基-4-异丙基-1,8-二甲基螺环[4.5]癸-1,8-二烯-7-酮(1),2-羟基-2,5-二甲基-7-氧代-5,7-二氢-2H-呋喃[3,4-b]吡喃-4-羧酸(2), 3-乙基-4-羟基-6-甲基-二氢-吡喃-2-酮(3),苯乙内酯A (4), 3-羟基-5-(4-羟基苄基)二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮(5), 4-乙酰-3-羟基-6-甲基吡喃-2-酮(6).其中化合物1和2为新化合物,化合物3为新天然产物.此外,利用四株肿瘤细胞株(Hep G-2、MCF-7、SF-268及A549)对化合物1~6细胞毒活性进行评估,结果表明化合物1~6对上述肿瘤细胞均无明显的细胞毒活性.