Two New Iridoids from the Roots of Valeriana officinalis

Valeriana officinalis is the official species used in Europe as sedatives and tranquilizers for centuries. Two new iridoids, volvaltrates C and D ( 1 and 2 ) were isolated from the ethanol extract as a mixture from the roots of V. officinalis. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic evidence including MS, 1D and 2D‐NMR spectra.     

Salvia officinalis L.: Antitrypanosomal Activity and Active Constituents against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

As part of our studies on antiprotozoal activity of approved herbal medicinal products, we previously found that a commercial tincture from Salvia officinalis L. (common Sage, Lamiaceae) possesses high activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (Tbr), causative agent of East African Human Trypanosomiasis. We have now investigated in detail the antitrypanosomal constituents of this preparation. A variety of fractions were tested for antitrypanosomal activity and analyzed by UHPLC/+ESI QqTOF MS. The resulting data were used to generate a partial least squares (PLS) regression model that highlighted eight particular constituents that were likely to account for the major part of the bioactivity. These compounds were then purified and identified and their activity against the pathogen tested. All identified compounds (one flavonoid and eight diterpenes) displayed significant activity against Tbr, in some cases higher than that of the total tincture. From the overall results, it can be concluded that the antitrypanosomal activity of S. officinalis L. is, for the major part, caused by abietane-type diterpenes of the rosmanol/rosmaquinone group.     

不同环境条件对土壤-巴戟天系统重金属分布的影响

采用AA-6800型石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪研究了土壤-巴戟天系统中铅的分布情况,包括不同地段、不同土壤类型、不同土壤pH值对土壤-巴戟天入药部位根和果实中铅的含量影响。实验结果表明,环境条件变化对土壤-巴戟天系统铅含量有一定的影响,其中土壤的pH值对土壤中的有效铅浓度及巴戟天的铅含量影响较大。     

Hydrophobic ionic liquid‐based ultrasound‐assisted extraction of magnolol and honokiol from cortex Magnoliae officinalis

The hydrophobic ionic liquid of [BMIM][PF₆] was successfully used for the ultrasound‐assisted extraction of hydrophobic magnolol and honokiol from cortex Magnoliae officinalis. To obtain the best extraction efficiencies, some ultrasonic parameters including the concentration of [BMIM][PF₆], pH, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time were evaluated. The results obtained indicated that the [BMIM][PF₆]‐based ultrasound‐assisted extraction efficiencies of magnolol and honokiol were greater than those of the [BMIM][BF₄]‐based ultrasound‐assisted extraction (from 48.6 to 45.9%) and the traditional ethanol reflux extraction (from 16.2 to 13.3%). Furthermore, the proposed extraction method is validated by the recovery, correlation coefficient (R²) and reproducibility (RSD, n=5), which were 90.8–102.6, 0.9992–0.9998, and 1.6–5.4%, respectively.     

Increased synthesis of a new oleanane-type saponin in hairy roots of marigold (Calendula officinalis) after treatment with jasmonic acid

Native plant of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) synthesizes oleanolic acid saponins classified as glucosides or glucuronides according to the first residue in sugar chain bound to C-3 hydroxyl group. Hairy root culture, obtained by transformation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain 15834, exhibit a potent ability of synthesis of oleanolic acid glycosides. The HPLC profile of saponin fraction obtained from C. officinalis hairy roots treated with plant stress hormone, jasmonic acid, showed the 10-times increase of the content of one particular compound, determined by NMR and MALDI TOF as a new bisdesmoside saponin, 3-O-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-oleanolic acid. Such a diglycoside does not occur in native C. officinalis plant. It is a glucuronide, whereas in the native plant glucuronides are mainly accumulated in flowers, while glucosides are the most abundant saponins in roots. Thus, our results revealed that the pathways of saponin biosynthesis, particularly reactions of glycosylation, are altered in C. officinalis hairy root culture.     

芦笋根中菝葜皂甙元的气相色谱测定

芦笋根粉末经提取，分离得到菝葜皂甙元。利用ＧＣ－ＭＳ，ＩＲ，并与气相色谱保留值比较进行定性分析，气相色谱外标法定量测定，同时考察了气相色谱定量测定的回收率和水解时间对测定值的问题，实验结果表明，风干芦笋根中菝葜皂甙元的含量在１％以上。     

食用天然色素密蒙黄稳定性分析研究

研究了食品中常见的几种金属离子Na^ 、Cu^2 、Al^3 、Fe^3 、Sn^2 和维生素C、苯甲酸等食品添加剂对食用天色色素密蒙黄稳定性的影响,并对色素的耐碱性和耐热性进行了探讨,结果表明其性能稳定。本研究为密蒙黄色素的开发应用提供了依据。     

高速逆流色谱分离制备厚朴的有效成分厚朴酚与和厚朴酚

建立了高速逆流色谱分离制备厚朴的有效成分厚朴酚与和厚朴酚的新方法,溶剂系统为石油醚-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-1％醋酸(5：5：7：3,V／V),上相为固定相,下相为流动相。从100mg厚朴粗提物制得和厚朴酚33．3mg,厚朴酚19．5mg,经高效液相色谱分析,纯度均大于99．5％,其化学结构由^1H NMR和^13C NMR鉴定。     

In vitro anti-inflammatory activities of naucleoffieine H as a natural alkaloid from Nauclea officinalis Pierrc ex Pitard,through inhibition of the iNOS pathway in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages

Abstract

Naucleoffieine H, a natural indole alkaloid, was isolated and identified from Nauclea officinalis Pierrc ex Pitard which is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of various diseases, such as cold, fever, bronchitis, pneumonia, acute tonsillitis, etc. In the present study, the effect of naucleoffieine H on the anti-inflammatory activities was investigated in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. The results showed that naucleoffieine H significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide (the level of nitrite as a stable biomarker of NO production) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Interesting, naucleoffieine H down-regulated the overexpression of inflammatory protein induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), but no effect on the expression cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein. In addition, this bioactive alkaloid suppressed enzymatic activity of iNOS activated by LPS. The above results indicated that naucleoffieine H suppress NO and TNF-α overproduction via block the iNOS pathway in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages.     

Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography with evaporative light-scattering detection for the analysis of triacylglycerols in Borago officinalis

An optimized 2-D liquid chromatography (LC×LC) set-up, based on the different selectivities of a silver ion (Ag) and a non-aqueous reversed phase (NARP), employed in the first (D1) and the second dimension (D2), respectively, in combination with evaporative light-scattering detection (ELSD), has been developed for the analysis of the triacylglycerol (TAG) fraction in a Borago officinalis oil. The 2-D set-up, thanks to the complementary separation selectivity provided by the two columns, allowed to distribute 78 TAGs throughout the 2-D LC retention plane otherwise unachievable by 1-D LC.