Electrochemiluminescence of CdTe quantum dots as labels at nanoporous gold leaf electrodes for ultrasensitive DNA analysis

A new electrochemiluminescence (ECL) DNA assay is developed using quantum dots (QDs) as DNA labels. When nanoporous gold leaf (NPGL) electrodes are used, sensitivity of the ECL assay is remarkably increased due to ultra-thin nanopores. In this assay, target DNA (t-DNA) is hybridized with capture DNA (c-DNA) bound on the NPGL electrode, which is fabricated by conjugating amino-modified c-DNA to thioglycolic acid (TGA) modified at the activated NPGL electrode. Following that, amino-modified probe DNA is hybridized with the t-DNA, yielding sandwich hybrids on the NPGL electrode. Then, mercaptopropionic acid-capped CdTe QDs are labeled to the amino group end of the sandwich hybrids. Finally, in the presence of S₂O₈²⁻ as coreactant, ECL emission of the QD-labeled DNA hybrids on the NPGL electrode is measured by scanning the potential from 0 to −2 V to record the curve of ECL intensity versus potential. The maximum ECL intensity (I_m,ECL) on the curve is proportional to t-DNA concentration with a linear range of 5 × 10⁻¹⁵ to 1 × 10⁻¹¹ mol/L. The ECL DNA assay can be used to determine DNA corresponding to mRNA in cell extracts in this study.     

Chemical variation in leaf oils of Pistacia chinensis from five locations in China

Hydrodistilled leaf oils of Pistacia chinensis Bunge from five locations in China were analyzed using GC/MS. A total of 58 compounds was identified in the oils, and a relatively high variation in their contents was found. The major compounds include β-phellandrene (0.54–53.86%), α-pinene (4.74–54.44%), β-pinene (0.49–42.90%), caryophyllene (5.64–20.01%), cis-ocimene (tr−43.93%), eudesmadiene (0–15.06%), and camphene (tr−20.57%). Cluster analysis classified the leaf oils into two chemotypes: one rich in α-pinene and β-pinene, and the other rich in β-phellandrene. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 341–343, July–August, 2006.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of 4′,6,7-trihydroxy-5-methoxyflavone from Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L.G.Lohmann

Abstract

Fridericia chica, Bignoniaceae, is a tropical tree-creeper used as a traditional remedy for a number of diseases, highlighting inflammation. Our objective was to corroborate the popular anti-inflammatory use of the hydroethanolic extract from the leaves (HEFc) and of its isolated 4′,6,7-trihydroxy-5-methoxyflavone (5-O-methylscutellarein) [1], described here for the first time. Quantitative analysis indicated 8.77?±?0.23?mg/g of this compound in the extract. Neither HEFc nor [1] was cytotoxic in vitro. In LPS-induced peritonitis in mice, oral pre-treatment with HEFc or [1] led to decreased leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity and a reduction in the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-1β). Also, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was enhanced following treatment with [1]. Overall, these results validate the traditional use of Fridericia chica as anti-inflammatory, and indicate that the compound 5-O-methylscutellarein may participate in this effect.     

Characterization,Large-Scale HSCCC Separation and Neuroprotective Effects of Polyphenols from Moringa oleifera Leaves

Moringa oleifera leaves have been widely used for the treatment of inflammation, diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases, due to being rich in polyphenols. The main objective of this work was to largely separate the main polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves using the technique of high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). The phenolic composition in Moringa oleifera leaves was first analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS and UPLC-QqQ/MS, respectively, indicating that quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, phenolic acid and apigenin are the main polyphenols in Moringa oleifera leaves, with quercetin and kaempferol derivatives predominating. Furthermore, the conditions of HSCCC for large-scale separation of polyphenols from Moringa oleifera leaves were optimized, which included the selection of the solvent system, flow rate and the sample load. Only by one-step HSCCC separation (within 120 min) under the optimized conditions, six quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, a phenolic acid and an apigenin could be individually isolated at a large scale (yield from 10% to 98%), each of which possessed high purity. Finally, the isolated polyphenols and phenolic extract from Moringa oleifera leaves (MLPE) were verified to have strong neuroprotective activities against H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress in PC-12 cells, suggesting that these compounds would contribute to the main beneficial effects of Moringa oleifera leaves.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定毛竹叶中总黄酮

用反相高效液相色谱法,RP－C8柱为固定相,甲醇－水－冰乙酸（40＋60＋2）为流动相,以芦丁为参照物外标法定量,辅以二极管阵列检测技术,测定了毛竹叶中总黄酮的含量,并与光度法作了比较。     

关于Poisson群胚的结构

令（ΓP,α,β）是Poisson群胚．如果它的每个α-纤维与β-纤维至多交于一点,则Γ在任一点x的特征分布有直和分解△（x）=△α（x）+△β（x）,其中△α（x）Txα－1（u）,△β（x）Txβ-1（u）且它们都是△（x）的辛子空间．由此得到辛叶Sx的辛子流形S和S,使在映射α之下,S辛微分同胚于P中辛叶Su,在映射β之下,S反辛微分同胚于P中辛叶Sv（定理4和5）．对于一般的Poisson群胚,也可得到类似的S和S,它们差一局部辛微分同胚是唯一确定的（定理6）．把以上结果用于辛群胚,还可得到一些更具体的性质（定理7及其推论）．     

变截面钢板弹簧刚度计算的传递矩阵法

钢板弹簧悬架是商用汽车的关键部件,对整车的平顺性以及操纵稳定性有着重要影响,采用变截面少片簧代替多片簧是整车轻量化的重要趋势。由于变截面钢板弹簧成型的复杂性,传统的设计计算方法存在较大误差。在精确分析梯形梁单元变形特性的基础上,提出了一种新的变截面板簧刚度计算的传递矩阵法。对于广泛应用的各种变截面板簧,一般只需十来个单元即可得到非常逼近于有限元精确分析的结果。最后,通过不同类型板簧和不同方法的对比计算验证了该方法的有效性。     

玉米叶片铜铅污染元素种类光谱判别的EC-PB规则

随着人类生活质量的提高,农产品重金属污染问题备受关注。农作物中的重金属元素会通过食物链侵害人体健康,而不同重金属元素对人体毒害差别较大,因此农作物中含有重金属元素的类别识别至关重要。传统重金属元素检测方法存在环节多、耗时长、成本高等缺点,但高光谱遥感技术具有信息使用量大,理化反演能力强,分析速度快,无损监测等优势,逐渐成为农作物重金属污染分析的重要手段之一。以不同CuSO₄·5H₂O和Pb(NO₃)₂浓度梯度土壤胁迫下典型农作物玉米生长的叶片光谱为研究对象,引入光谱包络线去除(CR)、光谱比值(SR)、分数阶微分(FOD)同时结合改进红边比值指数(MSR)构建铜铅元素识别指数(CLI);通过挑选与铜铅元素种类相关性最强的三个分数阶微分阶数的CLI值建立铜铅元素判别特征点(CLDFP);再利用欧式聚类(EC)将训练集样本分为铜污染与铅污染两类并结合圆心连线的垂直平分线(PB),建立基于EC-PB识别铜铅元素种类的二维坐标系下判别规则线(CLDRL)和三维坐标系下判别规则面(CLDRP),从而实现玉米叶...     

毛细管电泳定量分析植物激素

详细研究了三种重要植物激素,生长素吲哚－３－乙酸,吲哚－３－丁酸,赤霉素ＧＡ３,ＧＡ４及激动素６－苄氨基嘌呤的毛细管电泳分离条件;１０ｍｉｎ内完成上述５组分分离;分离效率为５×１０＾５￣２．６×１０＾６,５组分检出限为４．５￣１８ｍｇ／Ｌ;迁移时间与峰高定量精度分别低于１．２％和２．４％,方法已用于香蕉叶中激素的测定。