芋叶超疏水超亲油性能及应用

通过静态接触角(CA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了芋叶的超疏水超亲油性能. 考察了不同处理温度下芋叶的饱和吸油率、缓释保油率以及离心保油率. 结果表明, 芋叶下表面具有超疏水性能, 其静态水接触角为157.1°(滚动角小于3°), 远大于上表面静态水接触角(109.1°). 不同温度处理的芋叶的饱和吸油率的变化呈现一定规律, 在200 ℃下干燥的芋叶具有最高饱和吸油率(8.1 g/g). 芋叶对难挥发性的机油固定能力较强, 并且在较高转速下对机油仍具有较高的离心保油率.     

悬浮液进样-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定烟叶中铜铁

用悬浮液技术处理烟叶样品,即先将样品烘干、粉碎、过筛,然后悬浮在 1.5 g·L-1琼脂溶液中制成均匀的悬浮液,以盐酸作为铜、铁的解释剂及用工作曲线法测定。建立了快速测定烟叶中铁、铜的FAAS法。测定结果的相对标准偏差<4.8%,加标回收率为 98.1%~102.1%。方法简便、快速、准确。     

顺-3-己烯-1-醇的合成

己二烯酸经酯化后再在 Zn O/Cd O存在下催化氢化合成顺 -3 -己烯 -1 -醇。在 1 50℃ ,1 .2 1× 1 0 7Pa氢压下获得了 50 .6%的收率。     

树叶为模版制备网状TiO2和Fex/TiO2及光催化活性研究

以梧桐树叶为模板制备了具有网状结构的TiO2和Fex/TiO2光催化材料.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)、荧光发射光谱(PL)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)等对这两类光催化材料的结构和物理性能进行了表征.结果表明,以树叶为模板制得的Fe0.005/TiO2呈网状结构.在600～800℃范围内,随煅烧温度的升高,网状TiO2和Fe0.005/TiO2中锐钛型TiO2的含量减少,Fe3+的掺杂能促进锐钛型向金红石型的转变.与Degussa P25相比,网状TiO2和Fex/TiO2的荧光光谱强度明显减弱,光生电子-空穴对的复合情况得到改善;吸收光谱范围明显红移,禁带宽度有不同程度的缩小.孔雀石绿的光催化降解实验表明,网状TiO2和Fex/TiO2具有比Degussa P25更强的催化活性.光催化活性的稳定性研究表明,网状Fe0.005/TiO2具有良好的稳定性,能多次重复使用.     

Novel Method for Selective Spectrophotometric Determination of Titanium(IV) with Water Extract of Slippery Elm Leaf as a New Reagent

Abstract

A novel spectrophotometric method for the determination of titanium(IV) by using a new reagent, water extract of slippery elm leaf is developed. In 0.05 M hydrochloric acid, titanium(IV) reacts with this reagent to form a yellow product. The formed product shows maximum absorbance at 415 nm with a molar absorptivity value of 0.68×10⁴ l mol^–1 cm^–1 and the method was linear in the 0.2–6 µg ml^?1 concentration range. The detection limit value was found to be 0.0131 µg ml^?1. The proposed method was simple, low cost, selective, and sensitive. It was applied to the analytic samples with satisfactory results.     

Capacity of Tea Scavenging Singlet Oxygen Studied by Means of 1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran as Fluorescence Probe

1 Introduction In recent years, the effects of reactive oxygen species(ROS) generated in the course of biological metabolism, such as superoxide(O_2~(-.)), hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2), hydroxyl radical(HO~.) and singlet oxygen(~1O_2) on the human health have received more attention due to their vital roles in physiological functions. Normally, antioxidant molecules, superoxide dismutase and catalase in biological organism can scavenge excessive free radicals by a series of chemical reactions to keep the cells in a state of redox homeostasis[1].     

Biosynthesis of Au nanoparticles using olive leaf extract: 1st Nano Updates

The biological synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of various shapes (triangle, hexagonal, and spherical) using hot water olive leaf extracts as reducing agent is reported. The size and the shape of Au nanoparticles are modulated by varying the ratio of metal salt and extract in the reaction medium. Only 20 min were required for the conversion into gold nanoparticles at room temperature, suggesting a reaction rate higher or comparable to those of nanoparticles synthesis by chemical methods. The variation of the pH of the reaction medium gives AuNPs nanoparticles of different shapes. The nanoparticles obtained are characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The TEM images showed that a mixture of shapes (triangular, hexagonal and spherical) structures was formed at lower leaf broth concentration and high pH, while smaller spherical shapes were obtained at higher leaf broth concentration and low pH.     

基于不同物候期苹果树叶片光谱特征预测果实糖度

苹果糖度是评价苹果品质的重要指标.通过分析苹果开花期、新梢生长期、萌芽开花坐果期、新梢旺长期、花芽分化期和落叶期等6个重要的生理物候期果树叶片的光谱特征,并与最终采集到的对应位置的果实糖度信息进行二维相关运算,获得了果树叶片光谱信息中反映果实糖度的敏感谱段,构建了糖度敏感光谱,通过引入计算获得的不同物候期糖度贡献权重,最终构建了带权糖度敏感光谱,并基于该光谱进行了糖度预测.通过对不同物候期的二维相关分析获得了果实糖度敏感谱段(530 ～570 nm和700 ～ 720 nm),经过主成分分析分别获得了不同生理物候期的果叶光谱主成分,利用不同物候期的主成分进行了果实糖度回归分析,量化了某单一时期果树生长对果实糖度的贡献比例,并获得了光合作用强度变化等重要信息.利用各物候期的糖度贡献权重对原始果叶糖度敏感光谱进行变换,最终获得带权果叶糖度敏感光谱,并基于该光谱进行了果实糖度预测.分别建立了基于主成分分析的多元线性回归模型以及基于参数优化的支持向量机回归预测模型,结果显示,利用参数优化的支持向量机回归模型获得了较高的糖度预测精度.其测定系数Rc2为0.9202,RMSEC=0.3892 Brix,预测Rv2达到0.9443,均方根误差是0.5246 Brix.利用不同物候期果叶光谱预测苹果糖度的研究结果进一步揭示了果实糖度的积累过程.     

生物合成纳米金与MWCNTs/L-Cys复合修饰玻碳电极测定左旋多巴

利用荷叶萃取液生物合成纳米金,并与多壁碳纳米管/L-半胱氨酸复合成修饰电极材料,研究了左旋多巴在该修饰电极上的电化学行为.在0.2 mol/L乙酸-乙酸钠体系(pH=2.6)中,氧化峰电流与左旋多巴浓度在0.6~40μmol/L及60~120μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限达5.2×10-8mol/L.实验结果表明,生物合成纳米金复合多壁碳纳米管/L-半胱氨酸修饰电极具有良好的稳定性和高灵敏度,对实际样品测定的回收率在91.2%~102.5%之间.     

国产甘薯叶黄酮类成分研究

用高效液相色谱法分离和制备了国产甘薯叶中黄酮类化合物，经波谱分析，分别鉴定为：槲皮素－３－ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖－（６→１）－ｏ－α－Ｌ－鼠李糖甙（１），４＇，７－二甲氧基山柰酚（２），槲皮素－３－ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（３）和槲皮素（４）。