全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1342篇 |
免费 | 120篇 |
国内免费 | 123篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 752篇 |
晶体学 | 1篇 |
力学 | 245篇 |
综合类 | 41篇 |
数学 | 248篇 |
物理学 | 298篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 112篇 |
2021年 | 113篇 |
2020年 | 50篇 |
2019年 | 35篇 |
2018年 | 29篇 |
2017年 | 52篇 |
2016年 | 59篇 |
2015年 | 49篇 |
2014年 | 74篇 |
2013年 | 148篇 |
2012年 | 57篇 |
2011年 | 60篇 |
2010年 | 44篇 |
2009年 | 39篇 |
2008年 | 50篇 |
2007年 | 67篇 |
2006年 | 68篇 |
2005年 | 61篇 |
2004年 | 44篇 |
2003年 | 40篇 |
2002年 | 36篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 35篇 |
1999年 | 31篇 |
1998年 | 25篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1585条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
A previous study on the deleterious effect of triphenyltin chloride (TPTCl) on the alga Spirulina subsalsa reported on four physiological and biochemical indices (or parameters): growth rate, chlorophyll content, phycocyanin content and nitrate reductase activity. In the present study, further research was performed to confirm the findings reported in the previous paper, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The SEM images show significant changes in the screw‐pitch of S. subsalsa, suggesting that TPTCl may damage the inheritance characteristics of S. subsalsa. The TEM images illustrate that the external pectin theca, limiting membrane and inter photosynthetically active lamella in the S. subsalsa cell are those targets that can be easily damaged. Reversible and irreversible cell damage (cell necrosis) are also observed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
112.
113.
114.
Mengqi Yan Junlong Zhao Dan Sun Wei Sun Borui Zhang Wenting Deng Dandan Zhang Lanying Wang 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(24):3355-3362
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a modern and noninvasive therapeutic approach, however, it relies on the development of photosensitizers. Here five new benzo[c,d]indole rhodamine complex merocyanines (BIRCM) D1-D5, displaying low dark toxicity and significant photo toxicity, were synthesized as PDT photosensitizers, and characterized by 1H NMR, IR, UV–Vis and HRMS. The investigation of their absorption spectra in different solvents showed that the absorption maxima and molar extinction coefficient were in the region 507–679 nm and 0.21 × 104–1.27 × 105 L · mol?1cm?1, respectively. The evaluation of PDT activity showed that only irradiation could not kill SMMC-7721 cells, and the cell survival rate and inhibition rate at the application dose and duration was 92%–87% and 78%–49%, respectively. Especially, using D2, absorbed in the red zone, as photosensitizer for PDT analyzed its effect on SMMC-7721 cells survival, it could be found that the cell survival rate was 92% without irradiating and the cell inhibited rate was 78% under irradiating at concentrations of 2.5 × 10?6 mol/L, displaying low dark toxicity and high photo toxicity, which was valuable for PDT of some microvascular diseases or other superficial diseases. 相似文献
115.
利用代谢组学研究大气细颗粒物的生殖毒性效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染已成为严峻的环境问题,探究PM2.5的毒性效应和机理变得尤为重要.本研究利用基于液相色谱/质谱的代谢组学技术,分析经PM2.5悬混液气管滴注暴露后成年雄性大鼠睾丸代谢组的全局变化,采用偏最小二乘判别分析法和非参数检验进行统计分析.结果表明,PM2.5暴露组大鼠睾丸的油提和水提代谢指纹谱均可与对照组实现准确区分,表明PM2.5暴露对大鼠睾丸的整体代谢网络产生了显著影响,最终鉴定出56个差异代谢物.通路分析显示,PM2.5暴露会引起大鼠睾丸的氨基酸和核苷酸代谢紊乱、类固醇激素代谢失衡以及脂类代谢异常,而这些重要通路可能是PM2.5生殖毒性的关键分子事件. 相似文献
116.
本文探究了铰柔性对机器人动力学响应和动力学控制的影响. 首先, 建立由$n$个柔性铰和$n$个柔性杆组成的空间机器人模型, 运用递推拉格朗日动力学方法, 得到柔性机器人系统的刚柔耦合动力学方程. 在动力学建模过程中, 除了考虑杆件的拉伸变形、弯曲变形、扭转变形以及非线性耦合变形对机器人系统动力学行为的影响, 还考虑了铰的柔性对机器人动力学响应和控制的影响. 其中, 柔性铰模型是基于Spong的柔性关节简化模型, 将柔性铰看成线性扭转弹簧, 不仅考虑了铰阻尼的存在, 还考虑了柔性铰的质量效应. 其次, 编写了空间柔性铰柔性杆机器人仿真程序, 研究铰的刚度系数和阻尼系数对系统动力学响应的影响. 研究表明: 随着柔性铰刚度系数的增大, 柔性机器人的动态响应幅值减小, 振动频率变大. 随着柔性铰阻尼系数的增大, 柔性机器人的动态响应幅值减小, 振动幅值的衰减速度变快. 可通过调节柔性铰的刚度和阻尼来减小柔性铰柔性杆机器人的振动, 因此铰阻尼的研究具有重要工程意义. 最后, 研究了铰柔性在机器人系统动力学控制中的影响. 在刚性铰机械臂和柔性铰机械臂完成相同圆周运动时, 通过逆动力学方法求解得到两种情况下的关节驱动力矩. 研究表明: 引入柔性铰会使控制所需的驱动力矩变小, 对机器人控制的影响显著. 相似文献
117.
Residual stress field and reduction of stress intensity factors in cold-worked holes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S.T. Pinho H.B. Martins P.P. Camanho M.H. Santare P.M.S.T. de Castro 《Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics》2005,44(2):168-177
Closed-form and semi-analytical solutions are obtained for the residual stress distributions in a plate caused by pressure acting on a central circular hole, representing the cold-work process. The material is elastic–perfectly plastic. Both Tresca and von Mises yield criteria are used and the corresponding residual stress distributions are compared. The relation between the dimension of the plastic zone and the value of internal pressure is presented. The relation between the magnitude of the residual stresses and the remote uniform tensile stress required to open symmetrical radial cracks is also presented. The reduction of the stress intensity factors of cracked open and riveted holes as a function of the internal pressure applied (or mandrel radial displacement) is investigated using numerical models for both an elastic–perfectly plastic material and for an Al 2024-T3 Alclad aluminum alloy. 相似文献
118.
119.
120.
Hyung-Geun Moon You-Sun Kim Jun-Pyo Choi Dong-Sic Choi Chang Min Yoon Seong Gyu Jeon Yong Song Gho Yoon-Keun Kim 《Experimental & molecular medicine》2010,42(1):47-60
Theophylline is commonly used to treat severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by non-eosinophilic inflammation. Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) is one of the most widely used medications worldwide, but up to 20% of patients with asthma experience aggravated respiratory symptoms after taking ASA. Here we evaluated the adverse effect of ASA on the therapeutic effect of theophylline in mice with non-eosinophilic asthma. A non-eosinophilic asthma mouse model was induced by airway sensitization with lipopolysaccharide-containing allergen and then challenged with allergen alone. Therapeutic intervention was performed during allergen challenge. Theophylline inhibited lung inflammation partly induced by Th1 immune response. ASA attenuated the beneficial effects of theophylline. However, co-administration of the ASA metabolite salicylic acid (SA) showed no attenuating effect on theophylline treatment. The therapeutic effect of theophylline was associated with increase in cAMP levels, which was blocked by co-treatment of theophylline and ASA. ASA co-treatment also attenuated the anti-inflammatory effects of a specific phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor. These results demonstrate that ASA reverses anti-inflammatory effects of theophylline, and that ASA exerts its adverse effects through the inhibition of cAMP production. Our data suggest that ASA reverses lung inflammation in patients taking theophylline, although clinical evidence will be needed. 相似文献