质谱法精密测定重水中的氢同位素丰度

介绍了用高分辨气体质谱计精密测定重水中氢同位素丰度的分析方法．实验自制了一套重水分解系统,以金属铀作还原剂,在一定的温度下还原重水为氘气．采用低温活性碳作为吸收剂,将样品分解、制备成气体试样,用高分辨气体质谱计测定重水中氢同位素丰度．该方法测定高浓度（〉99％）重水的氘丰度,测量结果的相对标准偏差不大于0．02％。     

牛血清白蛋白与荧光增白剂相互作用的荧光光谱法研究

应用荧光光谱法研究了牛血清蛋白与荧光增白剂CBS-X、BBU、VBL的相互作用.通过Stern-Volmer方程、Lineweaver-BurK方程和双对数曲线进行计算,研究了FWA对BSA内源荧光的猝灭机制.FWA对BSA内源荧光的猝灭主要为静态猝灭和荧光共振能量转移猝灭.测定了荧光增白剂CBS-X、BBU、VBL对BSA的猝灭常量和扩散常量(283 K),确定了荧光增白剂与BSA结合位点数均为1.根据Frster非辐射能量转移理论,计算了BSA与荧光增白剂分子间的结合距离和能量转移效率.通过测定283 K和298 K时供体与受体分子间结合常量,计算了BSA与荧光增白剂作用的热力学参量.BSA与FWA作用的ΔH<0,ΔS>0,并以此确定了BSA 与荧光增白剂分子主要通过静电力进行作用.     

球磨对纳米ZrO2水相悬浮体系性质的影响

实验研究了球磨时间对纳米ZrO₂水悬浮液性质的影响。结果表明,粒径小于15nm ZrO₂在SND6800球磨剂的水相中球磨2h制备的悬浮液,可稳定存在14天。在SND6800球磨剂与ZrO₂的质量比为5:95时,球磨时间对粒子粒度、悬浮液的密度和pH值以及沉降率影响不大;但对悬浮液的吸光度、表面张力和黏度有明显的影响。球磨时间50h是悬浮液的吸光度及表面张力最大,而黏度是球磨40h时最大。     

木质素胺絮凝剂的制备及其脱色性能

以造纸污泥中提取的木质素和二乙基环氧丙基胺（简称环氧胺单体）为原料,通过接枝共聚反应制备了木质素胺絮凝剂（DL）,并确定了最佳合成工艺条件,同时采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对产物结构进行了表征。结果表明,以1.5mo1·L^-1NaOH为催化剂,木质素和环氧胺单体的质量比为1:1,于70℃下接枝反应2h时,所得絮凝剂DL对3种模拟染料废水的脱色率分别可达89.66%、74.10%和89.84%,通过比较DL与木质素的絮凝效果以及絮体微观形貌,对DL的絮凝机理进行了初步探讨。     

Resveratrol,EGCG and Vitamins Modulate Activated T Lymphocytes

Vitamins and bioactives, which are constituents of the food chain, modulate T lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation, antibody production, and prevent inflammation and autoimmunity. We investigated the effects of vitamins (vitamin A (VA), D (VD), E (VE)) and bioactives (i.e., resveratrol (Res), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)) on the adaptive immune response, as well as their synergistic or antagonistic interactions. Freshly isolated T lymphocytes from healthy individuals were activated with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies for 4–5 days in the presence of bioactives and were analyzed by cytofluorometry. Interleukins, cytokines, and chemokines were measured by multiple ELISA. Gene expression was measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Res and EGCG increased CD4 surface intensity. EGCG led to an increased proportion of CD8⁺ lymphocytes. Anti-CD3/CD28 activation induced exuberant secretion of interleukins and cytokines by T lymphocyte subsets. VD strongly enhanced T_h2 cytokines (e.g., IL-5, IL-13), whereas Res and EGCG favored secretion of T_h1 cytokines (e.g., IL-2, INF-γ). Res and VD mutually influenced cytokine production, but VD dominated the cytokine secretion pattern. The substances changed gene expression of interleukins and cytokines in a similar way as they did secretion. Collectively, VD strongly modulated cytokine and interleukin production and favored T_h2 functions. Resveratrol and EGCG promoted the T_h1 response. VA and VE had only a marginal effect, but they altered both T_h1 and T_h2 response. In vivo, bioactives might therefore interact with vitamins and support the outcome and extent of the adaptive immune response.     

鱼类的非特异性免疫调节

介绍了鱼类的非特异性免疫器官及其免疫机制,通过免疫刺激剂可提高鱼类的非特异性免疫力,在仔鱼的特异性免疫器官尚未发育之前,仔鱼对外界病原微生物的抵抗力主要依靠来自母体的抗体和自身的非特异性免疫力,例举免疫刺激剂对提高仔鱼存活率的实验,并探讨了该方法在苗种生产中的应用前景。     

信息系统中的可移动Agent

介绍了可移动Agent的特性,可移动Agent可在异质计算机网络中移动,它能感知网络的状态,监控系统并与其它Agent进行交互,导航模型可以让Agent适应网络的变化并自主制定导航计划,从而方便、有效、智能地完成信息检索的任务．     

Crystal Structure of Human CD47 in Complex with Engineered SIRPα.D1(N80A)

Background: Targeting the CD47/SIRPα signaling pathway represents a novel approach to enhance anti-tumor immunity. However, the crystal structure of the CD47/SIRPα has not been fully studied. This study aims to analyze the structure interface of the complex of CD47 and IMM01, a novel recombinant SIRPα-Fc fusion protein. Methods: IMM01-Fab/CD47 complex was crystalized, and diffraction images were collected. The complex structure was determined by molecular replacement using the program PHASER with the CD47-SIRPαv2 structure (PDB code 2JJT) as a search model. The model was manually built using the COOT program and refined using TLS parameters in REFMAC from the CCP4 program suite. Results: Crystallization and structure determination analysis of the interface of IMM01/CD47 structure demonstrated CD47 surface buried by IMM01. Comparison with the literature structure (PDB ID 2JJT) showed that the interactions of IMM01/CD47 structure are the same. All the hydrogen bonds that appear in the literature structure are also present in the IMM01/CD47 structure. These common hydrogen bonds are stable under different crystal packing styles, suggesting that these hydrogen bonds are important for protein binding. In the structure of human CD47 in complex with human SIRPα, except SER66, the amino acids that form hydrogen bonds are all conserved. Furthermore, comparing with the structure of PDB ID 2JJT, the salt bridge interaction from IMM01/CD47 structure are very similar, except the salt bridge bond between LYS53 in IMM01 and GLU106 in CD47, which only occurs between the B and D chains. However, as the side chain conformation of LYS53 in chain A is slightly different, the salt bridge bond is absent between the A and C chains. At this site between chain A and chain C, there are a salt bridge bond between LYS53 (A) and GLU104 (C) and a salt bridge bond between HIS56 (A) and GLU106 (C) instead. According to the sequence alignment results of SIRPα, SIRPβ and SIRPγ in the literature of PDB ID 2JJT, except ASP100, the amino acids that form common salt bridge bonds are all conserved. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated crystal structure of the IMM01/CD47 complex and provides a structural basis for the structural binding interface and future clinical applications.     

Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained d-Glu-meso-DAP Analogs as Innate Immune Agonists

The dipeptide d-Glu-meso-DAP (iE-DAP) is the minimal structural fragment capable of activating the innate immune receptor nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein (NOD1). The meso-diaminopimelic acid (meso-DAP) moiety is known to be very stringent in terms of the allowed structural modifications which still retain the NOD1 activity. The aim of our study was to further explore the chemical space around the meso-DAP portion and provide a deeper understanding of the structural features required for NOD1 agonism. In order to achieve the rigidization of the terminal amine functionality of meso-DAP, isoxazoline and pyridine heterocycles were introduced into its side-chain. Further, we incorporated the obtained meso-DAP mimetics into the structure of iE-DAP. Collectively, nine innovative iE-DAP derivatives additionally equipped with lauroyl or didodecyl moieties at the α-amino group of d-Glu have been prepared and examined for their NOD1 activating capacity. Overall, the results obtained indicate that constraining the terminal amino group of meso-DAP abrogates the compounds’ ability to activate NOD1, since only compound 6b retained noteworthy NOD1 agonistic activity, and underpin the stringent nature of this amino acid with regard to the allowed structural modifications.     

Domains of t-Functions

A nonempty and nonconstant partial recursive function such that any function resembling it is recursively isomorphic to it is called a t-function. It is proved that the domain of any t-function is neither a simple nor a pseudosimple set.