Immune modulation properties of herbal plant leaves: Phyllanthus niruri aqueous extract on immune cells of tuberculosis patient - in vitro study

Disease progression in Tuberculosis (TB) is dependent on host’s immune system. Phyllanthus niruri, a traditional herb, has long been used to boost immune system in Indonesian society. This study aimed to observe the potential role of P. niruri in inducing immune cells activity in TB patients by in vitro approach. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and macrophages were collected from active pulmonary TB patients. After stimulation with graded doses of P. niruri aqueous extract, cell proliferation, phagocytic activity and nitric oxide (NO) release were analysed. P. niruri aqueous extract induced proliferation of PBMCs, increased NO release, and improved macrophages phagocytic activity. These effects were observed in a dose-dependent manner. This may lead to further research for the potential role of P. niruri as immunomodulatory adjuvant therapy for TB patients.     

锌对动物免疫功能的影响

锌是机体必需的微量元素,它对动物免疫系统的正常发育和功能方面有重要作用。综述了微量元素锌对动物免疫器官、免疫细胞和免疫分子等的可能作用机制和对免疫功能的影响。     

Common Factors of Alzheimer’s Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis—Pathomechanism and Treatment

The accumulation of amyloid plaques, or misfolded fragments of proteins, leads to the development of a condition known as amyloidosis, which is clinically recognized as a systemic disease. Amyloidosis plays a special role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The occurrence of amyloidosis correlates with the aging process of the organism, and since nowadays, old age is determined by the comfort of functioning and the elimination of unpleasant disease symptoms in the elderly, exposure to this subject is justified. In Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid plaques negatively affect glutaminergic and cholinergic transmission and loss of sympathetic protein, while in RA, amyloids stimulated by the activity of the immune system affect the degradation of the osteoarticular bond. The following monograph draws attention to the over-reactivity of the immune system in AD and RA, describes the functionality of the blood–brain barrier as an intermediary medium between RA and AD, and indicates the direction of research to date, focusing on determining the relationship and the cause–effect link between these disorders. The paper presents possible directions for the treatment of amyloidosis, with particular emphasis on innovative therapies.     

基于一种免疫算法的结构动态参数识别

受生物免疫系统的启发提出了一些基于免疫概念的优化算法。该方法有效地避免了传统遗传算法易于出现早熟、搜索效率低及不能很好保持个体多样性等问题。本文将免疫算法应用于结构动态参数识别领域,通过其在VC环境下调用ANSYS有限元程序中的APDL语言,并在后期引入加速循环操作,从而实现了对结构动态参数快速而精确的识别,仿真算例表明其正确性、有效性和较好的抗观测噪声能力。该方法特别适合于对大型复杂结构的参数识别计算。     

基于XML扩展的Agent通信语言实现

KQML作为一种重要的Agent通信语言,其常用的内容层知识交换语言KIF表示能力存在不足,不能充分表达复杂语义信息。本文提出采用XML扩展KQML通信语言,以增强KQML表达复杂语义的能力,并给出了详细的实现步骤。     

多聚螯合物酶联抗体交联磁性纳米乳胶的脂联素免疫透射比浊方法研究

采用多聚螯合物酶联抗体交联磁性纳米乳胶的脂联素免疫透射比浊法检测了血清中脂联素. 发现多聚螯合物酶上含有大量HRP酶, 可以极大地放大检测信号; 在优化条件下, 免疫比浊信号强度在脂联素0.005~0.2ng?mL-1范围内变化时, 并随着ADPN浓度的增加呈线性关系(R2=0.998), 检出限为2 pg?mL-1. 该方法能成功用于血清样本中脂联素的检测.     

Multi-objective Bayesian Artificial Immune System: Empirical Evaluation and Comparative Analyses

Recently, we have proposed a Multi-Objective Bayesian Artificial Immune System (MOBAIS) to deal effectively with building blocks (high-quality partial solutions coded in the solution vector) in combinatorial multi-objective problems. By replacing the mutation and cloning operators with a probabilistic model, more specifically a Bayesian network representing the joint distribution of promising solutions, MOBAIS takes into account the relationships among the variables of the problem, avoiding the disruption of already obtained high-quality partial solutions. The preliminary results have indicated that our proposal is able to properly build the Pareto front. Motivated by this scenario, this paper better formalizes the proposal and investigates its usefulness on more challenging problems. In addition, an important enhancement regarding the Bayesian network learning was incorporated into the algorithm in order to speed up its execution. To conclude, we compare MOBAIS with state-of-the-art algorithms taking into account quantitative aspects of the Pareto front found by the algorithms. MOBAIS outperforms the contenders in terms of the quality of the obtained solutions and requires an amount of computational resource inferior or compatible with the contenders.     

Representation in the (Artificial) Immune System

Much of contemporary research in Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) has partitioned into either algorithmic machine learning and optimisation, or, modelling biologically plausible dynamical systems, with little overlap between. We propose that this dichotomy is somewhat to blame for the lack of significant advancement of the field in either direction and demonstrate how a simplistic interpretation of Perelson’s shape-space formalism may have largely contributed to this dichotomy. In this paper, we motivate and derive an alternative representational abstraction. To do so we consider the validity of shape-space from both the biological and machine learning perspectives. We then take steps towards formally integrating these perspectives into a coherent computational model of notions such as life-long learning, degeneracy, constructive representations and contextual recognition—rhetoric that has long inspired work in AIS, while remaining largely devoid of operational definition.     

“黄水病”对拟穴青蟹免疫指标的影响

以血细胞分析和酶学分析方法,比较研究了患“黄水病”拟穴青蟹和正常拟穴青蟹的细胞免疫及血清免疫酶指标．结果表明：患病拟穴青蟹与正常拟穴青蟹不同性别之间血细胞密度、3种血细胞比例和LZM、ACP、AKP、SOD、PO酶活性差异皆不显著（P〉0．05）,而同性别之间变化明显,差异极显著（P〈0．01）;雄性患病拟穴青蟹与正常拟穴青蟹的血细胞吞噬百分比（PP）和血清LZM活力没有明显差别（P〉0．05）,而雌性患病拟穴青蟹PP和LZM均显著低于正常拟穴青蟹（P〈0．05）;同性别的患病青蟹PI极显著低于正常青蟹（P〈0．01）;患病拟穴青蟹与正常拟穴青蟹不同性别之间POD活性差异不显著（P〉0．05）,同性别之间POD活性显著高于正常拟穴青蟹（P〈0．05）．     

基于云模型的自适应量子免疫克隆算法

利用云模型能够兼顾随机性和模糊性的品质,提出一种基于云模型的自适应量子免疫克隆算法.使用云算子代替通用的量子旋转门这一量子进化算法核心算子用于寻优变异操作;通过控制云算子间的协作,实现算法在进化过程中对搜索范围的动态调整,使算法具有较强的全局搜索能力;同时,补充针对性的优化方案,有效避免了算法陷入局部最优.对标准数值优化问题的仿真对比实验表明,该算法具有寻优能力强、搜索精度高、稳定度好等优点;对非线性系统的参数估计仿真实验,该算法也取得了对参数的高精度有效估计.