Nucleation and Crystal Formation in Lithium Disilicate‐Apatite Glass‐Ceramic from a Combined Use of X‐Ray Diffraction,Solid‐State NMR,and Microscopy

Glass‐ceramics are multi‐phase materials that are comprised of one amorphous phase and at least one crystalline phase. Their versatile performance and properties can be engineered by alterations of the three fundamental steps – formulation and production of the amorphous base glass, nucleation, and crystallization. Efforts have been made on syntheses of glass‐ceramics with different components, yet little is known about the details of nucleation and crystallization processes that are essential for tailoring glass‐ceramic properties. Herein, we investigate the nucleation and crystallization mechanisms of a multi‐component, that is SiO₂‐Al₂O₃‐CaO‐Li₂O‐K₂O‐P₂O₅‐F, glass‐ceramic system by a combined use of powder X‐ray diffraction (pXRD), solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electron microscopic (EM) techniques. The role of P₂O₅ in the nucleation and crystallization processes is particularly studied. We show that the formation of lithium silicate crystals being independent of the P₂O₅‐associated crystals, and the separation of P₂O₅ phases into individual growth domains of lithium orthophosphate and fluorapatite. We also observe the non‐uniform distribution of fluorapatite particles that explains the opalescence effect of this glass‐ceramic.     

Ho3+-Yb3+掺杂磷酸盐玻璃陶瓷的制备与发光性能

采用传统熔融法制备了Na_2O-Y_2O_3-P_2O_5-SiO_2前驱体玻璃,并对前驱体玻璃样品进行热处理,成功合成透明磷酸盐玻璃陶瓷。对玻璃陶瓷样品进行XRD分析确定玻璃基质中有Na_(3.6)Y_(1.8)(PO_4)_3晶体析出。讨论了热处理时间对玻璃陶瓷结晶度和晶粒尺寸的影响,确定热处理温度为655℃,热处理时间为2 h。比较Ho~(3+)单掺和Ho~(3+)-Yb~(3+)共掺玻璃陶瓷上转换发光强度,确定Ho~(3+)与Yb~(3+)的最佳掺杂物质的量之比为1∶2。同时讨论了Ho~(3+)-Yb~(3+)之间的能量转移。使用积分球测得样品的上转换发光量子效率。     

烧结法制备高炉渣CMAS系统微晶玻璃的研究

利用高炉渣及其它辅助原料制备基础玻璃,采用一步烧结法制备主晶相为辉石的CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2(CMAS)微晶玻璃.综合运用DSC,XRD以及场发射扫描电子显微镜等测试手段,分析热处理制度对高炉渣CMAS微晶玻璃的析晶行为及性能的影响.结果表明:随着热处理温度上升,微晶玻璃的主晶相均为辉石,次晶相均为长石,晶相析出量增加,微晶玻璃的体积密度及抗折强度均呈现先增后减趋势.随着热处理时间增加,微晶玻璃的体积密度及抗折强度均呈现下降趋势.当热处理温度为1020 ℃,晶化时间30 min时,样品的机械性能最好,体积密度为2.690 g·cm-3,抗折强度为67.00 MPa.     

云母/莫来石可加工微晶玻璃的制备与析晶

通过调整SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-K2O-F基础玻璃的组成和热处理条件,制备了云母/莫来石复合可加工微晶玻璃.应用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射技术研究了可加工微晶玻璃的析晶特征.结果表明:添加3.0;ZnO(质量分数)的基础玻璃析出了锌尖晶石相,而锌尖晶石的析出抑制莫来石相的形成,没有得到云母/莫来石复合材料.当玻璃中添加3.0;的V2O5后,在试样中同时析出莫来石和云母晶体,但没有形成莫来石/云母复合的组织.含V2O5 8.0;的玻璃在等温析晶中,从表面析出莫来石和粗大枝状的云母晶体,云母间相互交错程度较低,只有在随炉升温的情况下,云母晶体以莫来石相为核心异质生长,形成均匀分布的云母/莫来石复合微晶玻璃材料.     

Kinetics of non-isothermal crystallization of some glass-ceramics based on basalt

The crystallization kinetics of some glass-ceramics obtained from Romanian (Şanoviţa) basalt has been studied in non-isothermal conditions using DTA technique. The activation energies of the crystallization processes were calculated using the isoconversional methods Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall. The results obtained show a dependence of the activation energy (E _α) on the crystallized fraction (α) that proves the complex mechanism of the glass-ceramics crystallization process. It has been proved that the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model cannot be applied for the studied glass-ceramics crystallization process. The effect of 2% TiO₂ as nucleating agent upon the crystallization kinetics and upon the microstructure of the studied glass-ceramics was analyzed.     

Crystallisation Kinetics of β -Spodumene in Lithium Aluminosilicate Sol–Gel Glasses

-spodumene (LiAlSi₂O₆) is one of the crystalline phase of the lithium aluminosilicate (LAS) glass-ceramics, having a low thermal expansion coefficient. The sol–gel process is an advantageous processing route for LAS materials, compared to melting, as it avoids lithium oxide losses and formation of undesired crystalline phases. It is very important to understand the crystallisation kinetics in order to assess the amount of the different crystalline phases formed for a given thermal cycle. This study reports the application of the non-isothermic method for evaluation of crystallization kinetic parameters, based on differential thermal analysis (DTA) experiments under constant heating rates (10, 12, 15 and 20°C min^–1) up to 1000°C. The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) theory, modified with distinct approaches, lead to Avrami coefficients, n, in the range of 2.1–2.4 and apparent activation energies, E_a, of 345–362 kJ mol^–1. A simultaneous tridimensional and bidimensional crystal growth mechanism for a constant number of nuclei is proposed for -spodumene crystallization.     

Effects of SiO2 Barrier and N2 Annealing on Sb-Doped SnO2 Transparent Conducting Film Prepared by Sol-Gel Dip Coating

Oxyfluoride glass-ceramic thin films of nominal 90SiO₂10(Ba_1–xEu_x)MgF₄ compositions were prepared by sol–gel method starting from mixtures of metal trifluoroacetates and silicon alkoxide precursor solutions. Films were deposited on silica glass substrates by spin-coating and heating at 750°C. Eu²⁺ ions were preferentially incorporated into BaMgF₄ nanoparticles, which were dispersed in the silica glass matrix. The films exhibited broad-band blue photoluminescence (PL) in response to the ultraviolet light excitation. Addition of N,N-dimethylformamide to starting coating solutions resulted in a porous microstructure of the heat-treated films. Efficient UV excitation was promoted due to the Rayleigh scattering in the porous films; thereby the PL emissions could be strongly enhanced.     

Surface Crystallized Glass with β-Barium Borate for Nonlinear Optical Applications

l.Introductionp-BaB2O4(BBO)insinglecrystalformhasbeenconsideredtobeanexcellentnon-linearopticalmaterialsforitslargeeffectivesecondharmonicgeneration(SHG)coeffi-cientS,awidetransParencyrange,abroadphase-matchedregionandahighdamagethreshold.BaBzo`crystalshavetwocrystalphases:hightemPeraturea-phase(R3c)withcentricsymmetryandlowtemPeraturep-phase(R3c)havingacentricsymmerty,onlyinp-BaB2o4,the(B3O6)3-boroxylringhasbeenidentifiedthemicroscopicunitgivingthemajorcontributiontothematerialnonlinea…     

Holographic testing of fluorescent photosensitive glass-ceramics

In this paper we investigate the holographic recording properties of the fluorescent photosensitive glass-ceramics. The materials described here, stable up to 400 °C, represent a substantial advancement in the development of long lifetime media for holographic data storage. A detailed physical-chemical characterization of the proposed material is presented. It is shown that volume holograms were obtained after the recording process using a continuum high power laser in an off-axis setup.     

废渣微晶玻璃析晶行为分析及热处理制度的优化

以镍渣及粉煤灰为主要原料,使用熔融法制备了复合渣微晶玻璃,渣的综合利用率达到62;,依据DSC曲线确定基础玻璃的热处理制度,并利用修正的JMA方程,对其进行了析晶动力学分析.借助极差分析、XRD、SEM等测试方法探讨了热处理制度对该系统微晶玻璃的影响.结果表明:复合渣微晶玻璃析晶活化能E=91.4 kJ/mol,动力学参数k(Tp)=0.277,n=3.04,该微晶玻璃以体析晶的方式析晶且析晶能力较强,主晶相为普通辉石和透辉石;热处理制度对玻璃体系的微观组织结构及力学性能均有较大影响,且温度因素大于时间因素;经730℃保温1.5h微晶化热处理后能获得晶粒细小均匀、力学性能良好的复合渣微晶玻璃.