Performance of a quantum heat engine cycle working with harmonic oscillator systems

A cycle model of an irreversible heat engine working with harmonic systems is established in this paper. Based on the equation of motion of an operator in the Heisenberg picture and semi-group approach, the first law of thermodynamics for a harmonic system and the time evolution of the system are obtained. The general expressions for several important parameters, such as the work, efficiency, power output, and rate of entropy production are derived. By means of numerical analysis, the optimally operating regions and the optimal values of performance parameters of the cycle are determined under the condition of maximum power output. At last, some special cases, such as high temperature limit and frictionless case, are dis-cussed in brief.     

发动机采用柴油／甲醇组合燃烧的性能研究

分别在增压和自然吸气式高速直喷柴油机上采用柴油/甲醇组合燃烧方式进行研究.试验结果表明,采用组合燃烧后发动机和纯柴油燃烧发动机相比,尾气中NOx和碳烟排放显著减少,消耗燃料的比能耗降低,组合燃烧用燃料的使用经济性优予原机;仅未燃碳氢和一氧化碳较原机有所增加,但是由于排气温度高于催化转换器起燃温度,可以通过催化转换器将其转化.     

搜索引擎Web API框架设计研究

传统的基于网页方式的搜索引擎服务不能很好地满足用户个性化的需求,搜索引擎Web API概念的提出较好的解决了这一问题.本文提出了一种基于SOAP和WSDL标准的搜索引擎Web API的构架模型.该构架模型的接口由五大部分组成,内容涵盖了用户自定义搜索条件的各项参数以及返回结果剥离所需的各项参数.采用SOAP和WSDL标准保证了该接口跨语言、跨平台特性.文章系统地介绍了框架的构造、功能,并对接口方法以及参数定义进行了详细的说明.     

NMR碳谱谱峰检索系统

介绍了核磁共振(NMR)碳谱谱峰检索系统的程序设计原理、系统流程框图、检索比较算法和主要显示界面．系统数据库包含化合物核磁共振碳谱4万多张,能够根据未知物¹³C NMR波谱的谱峰个数及其化学位移值进行检索．结果得到未知化合物的有关信息及其标准波谱图．系统还允许用户将本专业的一些常用化合物的标准谱的信息以及图谱添加进数据库以供日后查询．     

面向网络发布的海洋遥感数据库引擎设计与应用

以浙江海洋水质遥感速报GIS系统的实现为例．针对海洋遥感数据有效管理和网络动态发布的需求,自主设计了面向海洋遥感数据的空间数据库引擎MRSSDE（Marine Remote Sensing Spatial Database Engine）,详细介绍了MRSSDE的数据存储结构和数据访问机制．在浙江海洋水质遥感速报GIS系统中的应用表明,该引擎在对海洋遥感数据方面具有存储效率高、数据上载速度快及响应时间短的特点,达到了海洋遥感数据高效管理和网络实时发布的目的．     

基于粗集—模糊理论的柴油机磨损模式识别

在总结柴油机磨损模式的磨粒分析基础上,首次提出在柴油机磨损模式识别中采用基于粗集和模糊理论相结合的模式识别方法。在建立磨损形式标准样本库的基础上,利用粗集理论对标准样本知识库进行简化和权重集计算,然后利用模糊理论确定隶属函数,最后给出结论。     

关于热声压缩机原理的讨论

回顾了驻波、行波热声机械的发展历史 ,分析了行波与驻波热声压缩机的优缺点。介绍行波驻波混合型热声压缩机的工作原理及结构 ,指出了今后研究的重点和方向。     

Laser metrology — a diagnostic tool in automotive development processes

Laser measurement techniques are widely used in automotive development processes. Applications at Volkswagen are presented where laser metrology works as a diagnostic tool for analysing and optimising complex coupled processes inside and between automotive components and structures such as the reduction of a vehicle's interior or outer acoustic noise, including brake noise, and the combustion analysis for diesel and gasoline engines to further reduce fuel consumption and pollution. Pulsed electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) and holographic interferometry are used for analysing the knocking behaviour of modern engines and for correct positioning of knocking sensors. Holographic interferometry shows up the vibrational behaviour of brake components and their interaction during braking, and allows optimisation for noise-free brake systems. Scanning laser vibrometry analyses structure-born noise of a whole car body for the optimisation of its interior acoustical behaviour.Modern engine combustion concepts such as in direct-injection (DI) gasoline and diesel engines benefit from laser diagnostic tools which permit deeper insight into the in-cylinder processes such as flow generation, fuel injection and spray formation, atomisation and mixing, ignition and combustion, and formation and reduction of pollutants. The necessary optical access inside a cylinder is realised by so-called ‘transparent engines’ allowing measurements nearly during the whole engine cycle. Measurement techniques and results on double-pulse particle image velocimetry (PIV) with a frequency-doubled YAG laser for in-cylinder flow analysis are presented, as well as Mie-scattering on droplets using a copper vapour laser combined with high-speed filming, and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) with an excimer laser for spray and fuel vapour analysis.     

一种单级入轨火箭发动机概念--气动塞式喷管发动机

综述了研制新一代可重复使用的航天运载器推进系统的需求和目标,介绍了一种单级入轨的火箭发动机概念──气动塞式喷管发动机,并给出了有关气动塞发动机的概念分析、研究进展和工作展望．     

平行板叠末端交变流场的可视化实验研究

本文应用Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV)技术,对平行板叠后端交变流场进行了可视化实验研究。实验测得了在热声热机中加入板叠后,交变流动在平板末端涡旋的产生情况,分析了通道中心置轴线上速度分布曲线的变化。结果显示,随驱动比(为最大压力振幅与平均压力之比)的增加,板叠末端涡旋影响区域增大,其结构也由对称变为不对称;板叠末端形状为半圆形时涡旋形状变圆,板叠末端为三角形时涡旋被压扁而紧贴壁面。该研究对深入了解热声板叠术端附近流动状况与热交换之间的相互影响具有意义。