Renal Clearable Luminescent WSe2 for Radioprotection of Nontargeted Tissues during Radiotherapy

High‐energy ionizing radiation is widely used in medical diagnosis and cancer radiation therapy. However, high‐energy radiation can also impose significant damages in healthy tissues during medical treatments via direct DNA damages and indirect damages from production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, it is urgent to develop highly effective radioprotectants with low toxicities that can meet the increasing needs for alleviating the adverse effects from cancer radiation therapy and nuclear emergency. In this work, strongly catalytic ultrasmall (sub‐5 nm) cysteine‐protected WSe₂ dots are employed to protect healthy tissues against radiation via diminishing radiation‐induced free radicals. The WSe₂ dots with high surface activities can recover radiation‐induced DNA damages and eliminate the excessive ROS generated from radiation. In vivo experiments confirm that the survival rate of mice treated with WSe₂ dots is significantly elevated with radiation damages postponed under exposure to high‐dose ionizing radiation. Furthermore, the free radicals in major organs and hematological system can be appreciably omitted, suggesting their unique role as free radical scavengers. These WSe₂ dots in ultrasmall size show rapid renal clearance of ≈74% injection dose via urine excretion in 24 h and do not cause any apparent toxicity in vivo for up to 30 d.     

基于物联网的智能化条纹相机控制系统的研制

为满足条纹相机便携化、智能化的发展需要,研制了一种高适用性的分布式智能控制系统,实现了对条纹相机工作参量的监测,对电极电压、扫描工作模式的精确控制以及对图像的采集与处理.基于物联网技术框架与客户端-服务器的结构模式,实现了有线及无线设备扩展的多机协作功能与移动监控功能.并针对该控制系统,设计了具有自保护功能的自激型反激式可调高压电源模块,基于自激式拓扑的简单结构,实现了电源的小型化,且线性调整准确度可达1%.采用Nd∶YLF脉冲激光器(脉宽8ps,波长526.5nm)对应用该控制系统的可见光皮秒条纹相机进行标定,测试得到动态分辨率为12.75Lp/mm(CTF=14%),动态范围为234∶1,时间分辨率达到14ps.     

Discontinuity and Protection of Quantum Fisher Information for a Two-Qubit System

We analytically investigate the dynamics of quantum Fisher information of two qubits in independent environments for both uncorrelated and entangled input states. Especially, we observe that, in the non-Markovian regime and resonant case, quantum Fisher information of uncorrelated input state vanishes only at discrete time point whereas that of entangled input state can disappear during finite time interval. It shows that quantum Fisher information, which determines the parameter estimation precision, is strongly affected by the environment memory effects, and the advantage of entanglement-enhance metrology no longer exists even for a very short time. We also note that quantum Fisher information for two kinds of input states can be preserved under appropriate qubit-reservoir detuning.     

基于SRLG约束和资源共享的交迭段保护机制研究

通过对共享风险链路组约束机制和交迭段保护机制的分析,将两者相结合并根据工作和保护路径分别采用动态链路权重调整,提出了一种基于共享风险链路组不相关的交迭段共享保护算法.交迭段共享保护算法在共享风险链路组不相关的约束条件下,为整个工作路由提供了多个交迭的保护段,并给出了一种能够合理有效选择这些交迭保护段的方法.对交迭段共享保护算法的分析和仿真结果表明,与以往保护算法相比,交迭段共享保护算法不但大大提高了网络连接的可靠性,而且还通过不同交迭保护段间资源的合理共享,有效地提高了网络资源的利用率.     

电流电离室教学实验装置的研制

介绍流气式电流电离室实验装置的制作,测量了该电离室的饱和特性、轴向均匀性等性能参数,将该电离室用于核与粒子物理实验教学中,取得了良好效果。     

功能添加剂对锂离子电池的防过充电化学行为研究

研究了功能添加剂3-氯苯甲醚(3CA)和联苯(BP)联合使用在锂离子电池电解液中的防过充行为。通过采用微电极循环伏安法、动电位扫描分析、扫描电镜法和充放电法等手段研究表明：联苯和3-氯苯甲醚混合添加剂的聚合电位随3-氯苯甲醚含量的增加由4.7V前移至4.6V (vs. Li/Li+);电池在正常工作电压(2.75V~4.2V)下,添加剂不参与电池反应过程;当电压高于4.2V电池发生过充时,3-氯苯甲醚在电极表面首先发生氧化还原飞梭分流限压对电池进行过充保护;电压继续升高时,联苯在电极表面发生电聚合反应,生成的聚合膜表面光滑致密是电子的良导体能有效的阻止Li+的嵌入与脱出,并通过自放电使电池处于安全状态,防止电池过充发生爆炸。两种防过充机制共同作用,对电池实施多重护防,提高了电池的安全性能。     

SNAP溶胶组成对镁合金涂层耐蚀性的影响

本文利用纳米自组装颗粒工艺(SNAP)在AZ31B镁合金表面制备了防腐涂层。通过透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM)观察及电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、电导率测试等,对SNAP溶胶的纳米粒子形态和电导率,以及SNAP涂层的表面形貌和耐蚀性进行了测试,研究了不同含量的有机硅烷前躯体3-缩水甘油醚丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)和正硅酸乙酯基硅烷(TEOS)、溶剂水、助溶剂无水乙醇、交联剂三乙烯四胺(TETA)等对镁合金SNAP涂层耐蚀性的影响。研究结果表明,随着溶胶中TEOS和TETA含量的增大,镁合金涂层耐蚀性呈先增大后减小的趋势;随着溶胶中水含量的增大,镁合金涂层耐蚀性提高;溶胶中无水乙醇的含量较低时,对镁合金涂层耐蚀性的影响较小。     

Xylene as a New Polymerizable Additive for Overcharge Protection of Lithium Ion Batteries

The electrochemical properties and overcharge protection mechanism of xylene as a new polymerizable electrolyte additive for overcharge protection of lithium ion batteries were studied by cyclic voltammetry tests, charge- discharge performance and battery power capacity measurements. It was found that when the battery was overcharged, xylene could electrochemically polymerize at the overcharge potential of 4.3—4.7 V (vs. Li/Li＋) to form a thin polymer film on the surface of the cathode, thus preventing voltage runaway. On the other hand, the use of xylene as an overcharge protection electrolyte additive did not influence the normal performance of lithium ion batteries.