淀粉接枝丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯高吸水性树脂的制备

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,淀粉与丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯混合单体通过接枝共聚,制备了吸水及耐盐性能均较好的淀粉接枝丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯高吸水性树脂(CGAV)。最佳工艺条件为:淀粉10.0 g,m(混合单体)∶m(淀粉)=4∶1,w(引发剂)=0.3%,w(交联剂)=0.05%,于45℃反应2h~3 h。在最佳工艺条件下制得的CGAV吸去离子水率760 g.g-1,吸0.9%NaC l水溶液率68 g.g-1。     

Copolymerization of acrylonitrile with itaconic acid in dimethylformamide: effect of triethylamine

The copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) in dimethylformamide (DMF) was retarded by the presence of itaconic acid (IA) comonomer. Addition of TEA helped overcome the retardation at enhanced concentrations of IA in the feed. The monomer reactivity ratios determined by both terminal and penultimate models revealed that the overall monomer reactivity’s are practically unaffected by the presence of TEA. The penultimate-unit effect for radicals terminated in AN was enhanced by the presence of TEA. Higher TEA concentrations helped regain the reactivities of AN and IA to AN-radical to the state in pure DMF. The penultimate model could explain the feed-copolymer composition profile for the whole range. Whereas IA systematically retarded the polymerization rate at all concentration regime in DMF, it increased the rate at higher IA concentration in DMF/TEA system. For a given IA concentration, the polymerization rate decreased as the solvent is enriched in TEA. The copolymers synthesized in the presence of TEA, manifested higher cyclization temperature and consequently lower char residue, attributed to the incorporation of TEA in the polymer by means of salt formation with IA moiety camouflaging the catalytic effect of the -COOH group in cyclization reaction. ¹³C-NMR studies confirmed the incorporation of the TEA molecules in the polymer chain.     

高分子染料的合成研究2．乙烯砜型染料与丙烯腈的溶液共聚合

对乙烯机型染料在较高浓度下与丙烯腈溶液共聚合反应合成高分子染料进行了研究．考察了单体组成对聚合转化率、共聚组成和共聚物分子量的影响，合成了共聚组成中染料单体含量为３７％的高分子染料．     

茂锆载体催化剂下的乙烯／辛烯共聚及聚合物的^13C NMR研究

茂锆载体催化剂下的乙烯／辛烯共聚及聚合物的~（１３）ＣＮＭＲ研究刘胜生，于广谦，黄葆同（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词茂锆载体催化剂，共聚，序列分布，~（１３）ＣＮＭＲ由于茂锆催化剂具有高活性，单一活性中心等特点［１，２］，并且能...     

用含偶氮基的聚苯乙烯大分子引发剂合成两亲性嵌段共聚物

采用含偶氮基的聚苯乙烯预聚物（ＰＳ ＡＣＰＣ）作为引发剂，合成了苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）分别与甲基丙烯酸（ＭＡＡ）、甲基丙烯酸（β 羟丙酯）（ＨＰＭＡ）的嵌段共聚物，考察了ＰＳ ＡＣＰＣ引发第二单体的聚合反应行为，以及影响第二单体转化率和均聚物含量、共聚物组成的因素．用溶解性、凝胶渗透色谱（ＧＰＣ）、红外光谱（ＩＲ）、核磁共振（ＮＭＲ）、动态接触角（ＤＣＡ）等表征了嵌段共聚物．     

GRAFT COPOLYMERIZATION OF VINYL MONOMERS ONTO STARCH INITIATED BY TRANSITION METAL-THIOUREA REDOX SYSTEMS

In this paper, the capabilities of grafting acrylonitrile (AN) onto starch initiatedby Fe(III)-TU, V(V)-TU, Cr(VI)-TU, Mn(VII)-TU redox systems were compared in thepresence of sulfuric acid of different concentrations. It was shown that the grafting capabili-ty of Mn(VII)-TU is the highest in these initiating systems. Using Mn (VII-TU as initia-tor, the effects of various acids (HClO_4, H_2SO_4, HNO_3, HCl) on the graft copolymerizationof acrylonitrile onto starch were discussed, and the capabilities of graft copolymerizationof methyl methacrylate (MMA), acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA) onto starch wereinvestigated. The experimental results show that the order of the influences of differentacids is HClO_4>H_2SO_4>HNO_3>HCl, and the order of grafting capabilities of differentmonomers grafted onto starch is MMA>AN>AM>AA. The structure and morphology ofgraft copolymers were studied with infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The size, shape and roughness of surface of the grafted starch granules are changed aftergrafting.     

乙烯砜型染料与丙烯腈的水相沉淀聚合

乙烯砜型染料与丙烯腈的水相沉淀聚合吴致宁，张雪松，杨锦宗大连理工大学精细化工系，大连，１１６０１２）关键词高分子染料、沉淀共聚合、乙烯砜型染料、丙烯腈近年来，随着人们对功能材料具有高附加值的认识的不断深人，特别是伴随各类功能性染料结构的开发，高分子染...     

罗布麻纤维与丙烯酸酯类接枝共聚物结构和性能的研究

本文以氧化还原体系引发丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、丙烯酸乙酯(EA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)与罗布麻纤维的接枝共聚反应,用IR、SEM和X-射线衍射等手段表征了接枝纤维的结构。与纯罗布麻纤维相比较,接枝纤维具有较高的断裂伸长率和较低的杨氏模量,柔顺性增加;耐酸、碱能力随接枝率的增加而提高,但吸湿率不降。     

丙烯酸酯类与亚麻纤维接枝共聚反应的研究

Abou-Zeid等人曾报道以Fe(~2+)-H_2O_2体系引发丙烯腈等单体与黄麻纤维的接枝共聚反应,Misra等人报道了以S_2O_8_2-TU为引发体系,甲基丙烯酸甲酯与黄麻纤维的接枝共聚,最近,我们报道了以Ce(Ⅳ)引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯(EA)分别与苧麻及亚麻纤维的接枝共聚。亚麻纤维与丙烯酸酯类单体接枝改性后,仲长率有所提高,加强了结合力,改善了成纱品质,因此引起人们的重视。本文以过硫酸钾-硫脲(KPS-TU)为引发体系,研究丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、EA及丙烯酸丁酯(BA)与亚麻纤维的接枝共聚反应规律,用IR、SEM、X射     

二氧化碳同环氧丙烷交替共聚用催化剂的研究

探讨了有机金属催化剂的组成及其对二氧化碳同环氧丙烷交替共聚产物结构的影响,发现二乙基锌—助剂体系的催化活性按如次顺序递降:二乙基锌—连苯三酚>二乙基锌—间苯二酚>二乙基锌—对苯二胺>二乙基锌—亚乙基脲。若用三异丁基铝代替二乙基锌同连苯三酚构成催化剂,则失去对二氧化碳同环氧丙烷交替共聚反应的活性同时,著者发现二乙基锌—二元芳胺催化体系与二乙基锌—二元酚催化体系的催化活性规律完全不同。