秸秆超(亚)临界水预处理与水解技术

秸秆的资源化特别是乙醇化技术由于其技术可行性和产物高值化受到了广泛关注。预处理与水解是乙醇化的关键过程。目前针对秸秆的转化已经开展了多种化学或生物技术的研究,其中超（亚）临界技术与传统技术相比显示了独特的优势,如更高的反应速率、不需催化剂、无产物抑制等。本文在总结秸秆传统预处理与水解技术的基础上,对秸秆超（亚）临界水预处理与水解的过程和机理,特别是超临界亚临界组合技术的研究现状、工艺及其相关研究的进展进行了综述和分析,并阐述了超临界亚临界组合技术首先在超临界水中打破纤维结构进行初级水解,再通过亚临界反应将初级水解产物低聚糖进一步水解为葡萄糖的基本原理。最后对超（亚）临界技术在秸秆资源化领域的研究和应用前景进行了展望。     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4-{[（1E）1- （2-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）methylidene]amino}- 1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-one

The title Schiff base compound,C19H19N3O3,a derivative of antipyrine,has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,IR,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system,space group C2/c,with α = 27.935(5),b = 7.553(1),c =16.692(3) (A),β = 105.810(3)°,Z= 8,V= 3388.7(10) (A)3,Dc = 1.323 g/cm3,Mr = 337.37,λ(MoKα) =0.71073 (A),μ = 0.091 mm-1,F(000) = 1424,R = 0.0630 and wR = 0.1273.A total of 3513 unique reflections were collected,of which 2112 with I ＞ 2σ(I) were observed.The molecular structure adopts a trans configuration about the C=N double bond.The pyrazoline and C(1)～C(6) pheny1 ring are approximately coplanar (mean deviation from the combined plane is 0.069(3) (A)),with the dihedral angle of 9.7(2)°.The preliminary biological tests show that the compound has high antibacterial activities.     

固定化脂质体色谱研究中药复方的细胞膜通透性成分及其质量控制

提出了固定化脂质体色谱(immobilized liposome chromatography,ILC)研究中药复方的细胞膜通透性成分及其质量控制的方法。以当归补血汤及其组分为例,考察了它们在ILC色谱柱上的分离效果;当归补血汤水提取液和75％乙醇提取液在ILC色谱柱上各有8个保留峰,当归水提取液、甲醇提取液和75％乙醇提取液在ILC色谱柱上分别有3、6、9个保留峰,黄芪水提取液、甲醇提取液和75％乙醇提取液在ILC色谱柱上各有7个保留峰;建立了当归补血汤及其组分中阿魏酸和蒿本内酯的定量分析方法,当归补血汤水提取液和75％乙醇提取液中阿魏酸的含量分别为0．0743％和0．0688％,蒿本内酯的含量分别为0．0472％和0．457％,当归水提取液和75％乙醇提取液中阿魏酸的含量分别为0．0694％和0．0691％,蒿本内酯的含量分别为0．0781％和0．455％。     

组合催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸

考察了在C3H8氧化脱氢的NiZrO催化剂和C3H6选择氧化的Mo基催化剂组成的组合催化剂上C3H8选择氧化制取丙烯酸的反应性能.结果表明,两个催化剂比例适当时,反应的丙烯酸收率可达最大.优化温度、烷氧比、空速以及N2含量等反应条件的结果发现,反应体系中O2的匮乏会严重影响反应性能.在有氧分布器的反应装置中对所选组合催化剂在优化的反应条件下进行了30h稳定性测试,结果表明,在340oC,反应性能基本稳定,C3H8转化率和丙烯酸选择性可分别维持在～20%和～74%.     

硅胶-氰丙基复合固相萃取柱分离原油中饱和烃及芳烃组分

探讨了硅胶-氰丙基(SiO2/C3-CN,(1 g/0.5 g,6 mL))复合固相萃取柱分离与净化原油中饱和烃和芳烃组分的方法。结果表明:SiO2/C3-CN复合固相萃取柱较单一硅胶(SiO2)小柱的分离效果好,仅使用4.5 mL正己烷和4.5 mL正己烷-二氯甲烷(1∶1)洗脱即可实现饱和烃和芳烃组分的完全分离与满意回收(回收率分别为98%和99%);而单一硅胶小柱存在低环数芳烃化合物(如萘及其甲基系列、苊等)与饱和烃组分的共洗脱现象。通过对原油实物样品的测定,饱和烃和芳烃组分在硅胶-氰丙基复合柱上经正己烷、正己烷-二氯甲烷(体积比1∶1)的洗脱行为与标准混合液完全一致,该方法实用可靠、流程简单、试剂消耗少、精密度良好(RSD为4.2%～8.5%),适用于石油样品中饱和烃和芳烃组分的定量分析。     

用双过渡金属复合催化剂制备长链支化聚乙烯

乙烯聚合;原位共聚合;用双过渡金属复合催化剂制备长链支化聚乙烯     

石杉碱甲-E2020拼合物的合成及药理研究

合成了石杉碱甲-E2020的拼合物(1),并测定了1和中间产物10和11抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的生物活性,它们的活性均低于E2020。对E2020和其中活性最高的10的8个异构体分别进行了构象分析及与TcAChE分子对接研究,结果表明,10的各异构体中只有RRZ型与AChE的结合能比E2020高,其它异构体的结合能均远小于E2020,这可能是10的活性比E2020低的原因。对异构体RRZ还进行了与TcAChE作用方式的研究,对接结果和结合能都说明10的RRZ型异构体的活性可能比E2020高。     

光通量法在SHPSB剪切应变测量中的应用

利用光通量方法对分离式霍普金森压剪杆实验技术中的剪切应变测量进行了实验研究。实验装 置主要包括:准直激光器、光电接收器、光学挡板。由装置性能验证实验结果以及不确定度分析结果表明:利 用基于光通量法的剪切应变测量技术能够可靠地测量SHPSB(splitHopkinsonpressurebar)试样的剪切应 变。并对比了基于光通量法测量的剪切应变值与理论近似结果,结果显示前者小于后者,分析并讨论了原因。     

大型结构大修改下的静力重分析方法

对于大型结构发生参数大修改时, 采用组合近似算法进行结构位移重分析会使所得的近似解与真实解误差较大. 为了解决组合近似算法在大型结构发生参数大修改时的求解精度不足缺陷, 提出了3种改进的结构静力重分析方法. 该3种改进算法都是基于组合近似算法, 并分别通过位移迭代修正、刚度逐步逼近等措施使求解精度不断提高. 通过2个算例验证了3种改进算法的有效性和高效性, 并对3种改进算法之间的求解效率进行了比较.      

Treatment of Human Glioblastoma U251 Cells with Sulforaphane and a Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) Targeting miR-15b-5p: Synergistic Effects on Induction of Apoptosis

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal malignant tumor accounting for 42% of the tumors of the central nervous system, the median survival being 15 months. At present, no curative treatment is available for GBM and new drugs and therapeutic protocols are urgently needed. In this context, combined therapy appears to be a very interesting approach. The isothiocyanate sulforaphane (SFN) has been previously shown to induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth and invasion of GBM cells. On the other hand, the microRNA miR-15b is involved in invasiveness and proliferation in GBM and its inhibition is associated with the induction of apoptosis. On the basis of these observations, the objective of the present study was to determine whether a combined treatment using SFN and a peptide nucleic acid interfering with miR-15b-5p (PNA-a15b) might be proposed for increasing the pro-apoptotic effects of the single agents. To verify this hypothesis, we have treated GMB U251 cells with SFN alone, PNA-a15b alone or their combination. The cell viability, apoptosis and combination index were, respectively, analyzed by calcein staining, annexin-V and caspase-3/7 assays, and RT-qPCR for genes involved in apoptosis. The efficacy of the PNA-a15b determined the miR-15b-5p content analyzed by RT-qPCR. The results obtained indicate that SFN and PNA-a15b synergistically act in inducing the apoptosis of U251 cells. Therefore, the PNA-a15b might be proposed in a “combo-therapy” associated with SFN. Overall, this study suggests the feasibility of using combined treatments based on PNAs targeting miRNA involved in GBM and nutraceuticals able to stimulate apoptosis.