使用参考光波光学联合变换相关加密系统的选择明文攻击

证实了一种使用参考光波的光学联合相关变换加密系统对于选择明文攻击的脆弱性。在该加密系统中,通过选择一个透过率为零的特殊明文图像,记录其对应的联合功率谱,之后再通过遮挡输入面获取参考光波强度、遮挡参考光和明文获得加密密钥的傅里叶变换强度,根据获得的3幅图像,攻击者可以准确地获取加密所用的密钥,进而可以恢复出原始图像。理论分析和计算机模拟结果均证明所提攻击方法的有效性。     

基于四粒子Ω态的量子对话方案及拦截-重发攻击安全性分析

提出了一个多用户量子信令树型传输系统,并详细阐述了信令的传输过程.研究了系统中信令受到特洛伊木马攻击的损伤模型及其修复的必要性.将量子密钥分发的思想引入量子信令安全的直接通信中,分析了采用非正交量子态,以克服特洛伊木马攻击的问题,从而提高了信令传输的安全性.对多用户量子信令树型传输系统进行改进,提出了新的广义的多用户量子信令树型拓扑传输模型.研究结果表明,本文所提出的对多用户信令攻击的修复策略可有效地防止特洛伊木马攻击,从而保证信令传输过程安全有效的进行.     

Revealing Unexpected Mechanisms for Nucleophilic Attack on S?S and Se?Se Bridges

The reactivity of disulfide and diselenide derivatives towards F^? and CN^? nucleophiles has been investigated by means of B3PW91/6‐311+G(2df,p) calculations. This theoretical survey shows that these processes, in contrast with the generally accepted view of disulfide and diselenide linkages, do not always lead to S? S or Se? Se bond cleavage. In fact, S? S or Se? Se bond fission is the most favorable process only when the substituents attached to the S or the Se atoms are not very electronegative. Highly electronegative substituents (X) strongly favor S? X bond fission. This significant difference in the observed reactivity patterns is directly related to the change in the nature of the LUMO orbital of the disulfide or diselenide derivative as the electronegativity of the substituents increases. For weakly electronegative substituents, the LUMO is a σ‐type S? S (or Se? Se) antibonding orbital, but as the electronegativity of the substituents increases the π‐type S? X antibonding orbital stabilizes and becomes the LUMO. The observed reactivity also changes with the nature of the nucleophile and with the S or Se atom that undergoes the nucleophilic attack in asymmetric disulfides and diselenides. The activation strain model provides interesting insights into these processes. There are significant similarities between the reactivity of disulfides and diselenides, although some dissimilarities are also observed, usually related to the different interaction energies between the fragments produced in the fragmentation process.     

Research on data assimilation strategy of turbulent separated flow over airfoil

In order to increase the accuracy of turbulence field reconstruction, this paper combines experimental observation and numerical simulation to develop and establish a data assimilation framework, and apply it to the study of S809 low-speed and high-angle airfoil flow. The method is based on the ensemble transform Kalman filter(ETKF) algorithm, which improves the disturbance strategy of the ensemble members and enhances the richness of the initial members by screening high flow field sensitivity ...     

逆同余发生器的密码分析

使用格中的最短向量对未知向量进行逼近的方法,证明了在已知乘子a和模数p的条件下,若连续的wi满足｜ui-wi｜是一个很小的数时,在多项式时间内可以恢复出逆同余发生器的移位B. 本文的结论表明将逆同余发生器直接应用于密码学必须十分慎重.     

The security and recent technology of quantum key distribution

In principle, quantum key distribution (QKD) can be used to make unconditionally secure private communication. However, the security of the existing real system for QKD needs to be carefully examined. Actually, the existing experiments based on weak coherent states are not secure under photon-number-splitting attack. Fortunately, the decoy-state method and the entanglement-distribution method can be used to realize the unconditionally secure QKD based on real-life systems with existing technology.     

Bis(NHC)-Pd(II) complexes as highly efficient catalysts for allylation of aldehydes with allyltributyltin

Novel cis-chelated bidentate bis(NHC)-Pd(II) complexes derived from 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diamine (BINAM) bearing weakly coordinating acetate or trifluoroacetate counterions have been synthesized and their structures have been characterized by X-ray diffraction of single crystals. We found that these bis(NHC)-Pd(II) complexes were highly effective in the allylation of aldehydes with allyltributyltin to give the corresponding products in good to excellent yields in most cases at room temperature.     

基于Hamming weight和泄漏光子数的高级加密标准密码芯片光辐射分析攻击

通过研究密码芯片运行时的光辐射迹及其数据依赖性, 建立了操作数汉明重量与泄漏光子数的对应关系, 提出了一种简单有效的针对高级加密标准(AES)加密算法的密码芯片光辐射分析方法. 根据密码芯片运行时的光泄漏特性, 利用时间相关单光子计数技术搭建了光辐射分析攻击实验平台, 在AES加密算法执行第一次的轮密钥加操作后和字节替换操作后分别进行光泄露信号采集, 对基于操作数Hamming weight和AES密码芯片泄漏光子数对应关系的密钥分析攻击方法的有效性进行了实验验证, 通过选择几组明文成功地破解了AES加密算法的密钥. 实验结果表明, 当密码芯片的泄露光子数与操作数的汉明重量呈近似线性关系时, 该种光辐射密钥分析攻击方法对AES密码芯片的安全性构成了严重的威胁.