超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测水果中6种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂及其质谱裂解规律

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定橙子、香蕉、苹果、菠萝中E-苯氧菌胺、嘧菌酯、醚菌酯、啶氧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯和肟菌酯6种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂残留的方法。采用计算机辅助谱图解析软件ACD Lab/MS Fragmenter对质谱裂解路径进行了分析。样品经乙腈提取,氨基固相萃取柱(SupelClean LC-NH2)净化,采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)进行分离,以含0.1%(v/v)甲酸的10mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和含0.1%(v/v)甲酸的乙腈溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾正离子模式下,采用多反应监测(MRM)模式监测,外标法定量。结果显示,6种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂在5~100μg/L(其中吡唑醚菌酯在1~20μg/L)范围内的相关系数(r2)均大于0.999。6种杀菌剂的加标回收率为60.4%~120%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.15%~15.1%(n=6)。该法能满足橙子、香蕉、苹果和菠萝中6种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂残留量的检测要求。     

基于关键链的敏捷软件开发多项目网络模型

敏捷软件开发因其效率和文档量远低于传统方法在一提出就得到广泛应用,但仍无法有效解决软件开发多项目管理中的资源受限调度问题.将关键链思想应用到包含多个项目的敏捷软件开发问题中,在分析敏捷软件开发多项目网络模型的基础上,建立了数学优化模型;提出了一种适宜敏捷软解开发的多项目网络迭代调度假设与规则,并设计了相应的算法,具体包括关键链选择算法和调度算法;最后进行了实例分析,所得结果与遗传算法的相比从52个单位时间的迭代周期减少到42,使得工期节省了近20%.     

雷诺实验的计算机仿真模拟

雷诺实验是学生学习流体理论、判定流型必不可少的实验。为了促进实验教学,用Lab VIEW等制作雷诺实验仿真模拟软件,改善教学条件,提高实验效果和学生动手及计算机应用能力。通过对开发软件的应用,强化了学生的实验技能训练,很好地辅助了教学,并收到良好的教学效果。     

Instanton rate constant calculations close to and above the crossover temperature

Canonical instanton theory is known to overestimate the rate constant close to a system‐dependent crossover temperature and is inapplicable above that temperature. We compare the accuracy of the reaction rate constants calculated using recent semi‐classical rate expressions to those from canonical instanton theory. We show that rate constants calculated purely from solving the stability matrix for the action in degrees of freedom orthogonal to the instanton path is not applicable at arbitrarily low temperatures and use two methods to overcome this. Furthermore, as a by‐product of the developed methods, we derive a simple correction to canonical instanton theory that can alleviate this known overestimation of rate constants close to the crossover temperature. The combined methods accurately reproduce the rate constants of the canonical theory along the whole temperature range without the spurious overestimation near the crossover temperature. We calculate and compare rate constants on three different reactions: H in the Müller–Brown potential, methylhydroxycarbene → acetaldehyde and H₂ + OH → H + H₂O. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Mixed covering arrays on graphs

Covering arrays have applications in software, network and circuit testing. In this article, we consider a generalization of covering arrays that allows mixed alphabet sizes as well as a graph structure that specifies the pairwise interactions that need to be tested. Let k and n be positive integers, and let G be a graph with k vertices v₁,v₂,…, v_k with respective vertex weights g₁ ≤ g₂ ≤ … ≤ g_k. A mixed covering array on G, denoted by , is an n × k array such that column i corresponds to v_i, cells in column i are filled with elements from ?_gi and every pair of columns i,j corresponding to an edge v_i,v_j in G has every possible pair from ?_gi × ?_gj appearing in some row. The number of rows in such array is called its size. Given a weighted graph G, a mixed covering array on G with minimum size is called optimal. In this article, we give upper and lower bounds on the size of mixed covering arrays on graphs based on graph homomorphisms. We provide constructions for covering arrays on graphs based on basic graph operations. In particular, we construct optimal mixed covering arrays on trees, cycles and bipartite graphs; the constructed optimal objects have the additional property of being nearly point balanced. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 15: 393–404, 2007     

有限变形问题拟主轴法*

所谓拟主轴标架,是一个单位正交标架,且相对于该标架的剪应变分量很小。作为Hill的主轴法的一种实用推广,我们在拟主轴杯架下建立了应变、转动、旋率、应变率、共轭应力和应力率在拟主轴标架下的近似表示形式。发展拟主轴法的目的,是试图既保留主轴法的主要优点,又可作为某种分析大变形问题的高效数值示析方法的基础。     

光绘:自由开源的数字散斑图像生成和评价软件

生成数字散斑图像以及对应的变形图像是数字图像相关研究的基础,然而至今仍然缺乏功能齐全、操作简单、界面友好的专业散斑生成和分析软件;研究者需要自行实现相关算法,不仅费时耗力,也增加了出错的可能性.本文发布了一款自由开源的数字散斑图像生成和评价软件:《光绘》.该软件具有散斑图生成、变形图生成、散斑质量评价和散斑图案推荐等功...