应用于水溶液介质中喹啉氧化的电芬顿工艺实验设计方法(英文)

采用碳毡阴极和铂阳极的电芬顿工艺研究了喹啉模型分子8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐（8-HQS）在水溶液介质中的降解行为. 由于电化学诱导芬顿药剂（H2O2,Fe2+）产生大量的羟基活性基（OH）,成为与有机物发生反应直到有机物完全矿化的强有力氧化剂,因此,电芬顿工艺具有很强的氧化能力. 采用正交实验设计确定了水溶液介质中8-HQS降解的操作参数. 结果表明,电流密度和8-HQS的初始浓度是影响降解速度的主要因素. 8-HQS浓度随着电解时间而减少,说明8-HQS的氧化遵循准一级反应动力学. 通过竞争动力学方法确定的由OH引起8-HQS氧化的绝对反应速度常数为1.62×109 mol^-1·L·s^-1. 通过Doehlert 矩阵研究了8-HQS矿化的最佳实验参数,由此确定最佳条件下电芬顿工艺能导致8-HQS在水溶液中的准完全矿化（总有机成分去除率95%）. 对8-HQS水溶液的处理,使得8-HQS矿化前的最终产物为短链羧酸. 同时研究了电芬顿处理中短链羧酸的演变行为. 溶液毒性演变的跟踪研究发现,中间产物的毒性比8-HQS强,但溶液的毒性在中间产物矿化后可以完全消除.     

Synthesis of Nonionic Oligomeric Manganese(Ⅱ) Complexes and Investigation of Their Toxicity and Τ1-Relaxation Enhancement

Six nonionic oligomeric manganese(Ⅱ) complexes with oligomeric phosphate-polyglycol-EDTA ester ligands were synthesized and characterized. The longitudinal relaxivities of these complexes were measured. One of these complexes, which showed the highest relaxivity, was chosen to be used in the acute toxicity test and the Τ1-weighted imaging experiment. It has been found that compared to Gd-DTPA, this nonionic oligomeric Mn(Ⅱ) complex exhibits no acute toxicity, generates highly enhanced MRI signals and increases the intention time in the rat liver tissue.     

Serum Proteomic Analysis of Cannabis Use Disorder in Male Patients

Cannabis use has been growing recently and it is legally consumed in many countries. Cannabis has a variety of phytochemicals including cannabinoids, which might impair the peripheral systems responses affecting inflammatory and immunological pathways. However, the exact signaling pathways that induce these effects need further understanding. The objective of this study is to investigate the serum proteomic profiling in patients diagnosed with cannabis use disorder (CUD) as compared with healthy control subjects. The novelty of our study is to highlight the differentially changes proteins in the serum of CUD patients. Certain proteins can be targeted in the future to attenuate the toxicological effects of cannabis. Blood samples were collected from 20 male individuals: 10 healthy controls and 10 CUD patients. An untargeted proteomic technique employing two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry was employed in this study to assess the differentially expressed proteins. The proteomic analysis identified a total of 121 proteins that showed significant changes in protein expression between CUD patients (experimental group) and healthy individuals (control group). For instance, the serum expression of inactive tyrosine protein kinase PEAK1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 were increased in CUD group. In contrast, the serum expression of transthyretin and serotransferrin were reduced in CUD group. Among these proteins, 55 proteins were significantly upregulated and 66 proteins significantly downregulated in CUD patients as compared with healthy control group. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) found that these differentially expressed proteins are linked to p38MAPK, interleukin 12 complex, nuclear factor-κB, and other signaling pathways. Our work indicates that the differentially expressed serum proteins between CUD and control groups are correlated to liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (RXR), farnesoid X receptor/RXR activation, and acute phase response signaling.     

有机磷酸酯阻燃剂污染现状与研究进展*

近年来,溴代阻燃剂在世界范围逐步禁用,作为其主要替代产品的有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂的生产与使用均有大幅度增长。因此,有机磷酸酯类物质也被引入环境中,由此所引起的环境问题也逐步引起了环境科学工作者的关注,成为新型有机污染物研究的又一个热点。本文综述了有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂的研究现状,包括有机磷酸酯类物质的污染现状、毒性以及分析方法,希望对我国开展该类物质的环境研究提供借鉴。     

中药定清片联合化疗治疗急性白血病复发的临床研究

目的: 观察中药定清片联合化疗与单纯化疗比较治疗急性白血病复发患者的临床疗效. 方法: 采用随机对照研究方法, 将符合纳入标准的60例急性白血病复发病例分为2组, 每组30例. 分别给予定清片联合化疗(试验组)或单纯化疗(对照组)治疗, 观察比较两组治疗前后的骨髓缓解率、血常规变化、中医证候疗效、感染发生率和不良反应发生情况. 结果: 试验组获完全缓解13例、部分缓解6例, 总缓解率63.33%; 对照组获完全缓解12例、部分缓解5例, 总缓解率56.67%, 两组的骨髓总缓解率相比较无明显统计学差异(P＞0.05). 在治疗后, 试验组的白细胞和血小板计数高于对照组, 两者比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05). 在中医证候疗效方面, 试验组的总有效率86.6%, 明显高于对照组的66.7%(P＜0.05). 在疗后的感染发生率和不良反应发生情况比较中, 试验组低于对照组, 两组间比较均有统计学差异(P＜0.05). 结论: 中药定清片联合化疗治疗急性白血病复发患者, 在西医疗效上与单纯化疗组无明显差异, 但联合治疗更利于化疗后白细胞及血小板的恢复以及减少感染及相关并发症的产生, 所产生的不良反应也低于单纯化疗组; 在中医证候疗效上联合治疗也优于单纯化疗组.     

Determination of macronutrients,micronutrients, non-essential elements in milk based-infant formulas by atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy after microwave and ultrasound assisted digestion

Microwave and ultrasound procedures for samples preparations were adopted and the elements were determined by validated flame atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. Student’s t-test was established whether there was a difference between the sample preparation methods. Trueness of certified values by all methods was ensured which were not differing significantly at 95% level of confidence interval. The highest intensity ratio of magnesium (II)/magnesium (I) was obtained at 1120 radiofrequency value to achieve accurate and reproducible results by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. The value of corresponding correlation coefficient (r²) were obtained as >0.990 indicating the excellent linearity for concentration range chosen for each element to be determined in commercial samples. Results showed that concentrations of calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc found in commercially available products are in good agreement with label as declared by the manufacturers. Exposure to aluminum, cadmium, and lead from consumption of products under evaluation was estimated and it was in compliance with permissible level suggested by European Commission regulations. Regarding the food safety monitoring, the proposed methods are rapid and met green chemistry approach so that can be implemented in laboratories easily for routine analysis.     

水毒性的光生物法检测与评价

本文提出一种新的光生物法对水的毒性进行检测，文中介绍了测试原理、测试装置及实测数据．根据实测数据，提出水的毒性分为“无毒”、“微毒”、“中等毒性”及“剧毒”四级以实现半定量评价．     

水毒性的光生物法检测与评价

本文提出一种新的光生物法对水的毒性进行检测,文中介绍了测试原理、测试装置及实测数据。根据实测数据,提出水的毒性分为“无毒”、“微毒”、“中等毒性”及“剧毒”四级以实现半定量评价。     

Tin in pharmacy and nutrition

The occurrence of tin in plants, animals and humans is discussed in relation to its abundance in the lithosphere and hydrosphere and the range of different tin(II) and tin(IV) complexes formed. A reasoned consideration of the essentiality or otherwise of tin for living species is given and it is concluded that tin is beneficial even if not yet proved to be an essential element. After reference to the chemistry of tin compounds, there is a detailed discussion of their toxicity in animals and humans. Feasible routes for tin intake and uptake into humans are described. The use of tin pharmaceuticals in previous and current times is reviewed and areas for which they are currently permitted for use in man as dentifrices and mouth washes, as radiopharmaceuticals and for the treatment of jaundiced newborns are described. A detailed review of tin-coating antitumour agents as representative tin pharmaceuticals is given. Finally, a range of tin compounds having other specific pharmaceutical applications and which are currently being investigated are listed.     

Effect of Ephedrine and Its Derivatives in KML Cell Culture and on Tumor Strains of Animals

The cytotoxic activity and the ability to inhibit growth of experimental animal tumors of about 30 ephedrine and pseudoephedrine derivatives were studied in KML cell culture. It was found that the chemical structure and the biological activity are related. Four active chlorinated ephedrine and pseudoephedrine derivatives, including N-(-chloroethyl)- and N-nitroso-groups, were found in vitro and in vivo systems and may be promising for antitumor preparations.