Electronic and molecular structures of HCNn polymers: (HCN)3n

The CNDO/2 method using the tight-binding approximation for polymers was applied to several forms of (HCN)_3n polymers. From these calculations, we conclude that the polymer exists in the helical form rather than the planar trans zigzag, TTT, form. It was found that, from comparison of the TTT form with the polyglycine II type (Gly-II) form, the intrasegment energy of the TTT form is lower than for the Gly-II type form while the intersegment energy of the Gly-II form is lower than for the TTT form. It was also revealed that, in the typical α-helix type structures, hydrogen bonding between the central and the fourth nearest neighbour segments may play an important stabilizing role.     

Vibrational coupling in collision-induced raman scattering

The observed splitting of the collision-induced Raman band v₃ in liquid SF₆ is interpreted as vibrational exciton line splitting The bandwidth of the collision-induced Raman bands v₃ and v₆, in liquid SF₆ and v₂ and v₃ in liquid CO₂ and CS₂ can be explained by contributions from reonentational motion and from transition dipole-transition dipole vibrational coupling.     

用新工科理念做强做优盐湖化工特色专业

In order to better serve the local economic construction, the specialty of Salt Lake chemical industry is strengthened and optimized based on the concept of emerging engineering education (3E). The education reform has been carried out actively so as to meet the new needs of industrial development. The improvement of curriculum system was made by enhancing the multi-discipline education, updating the teaching contents, setting up school enterprise cooperation for teaching, research and application with strengthening innovation and engineering practice ability training. The reform has achieved good results and laid solid foundation for the future development of a new 3E major of Science and Technology of Salt Lake.     

In situ voltammetric measurement of trace elements in lakes and oceans

A submersible probe with a flow-through cell allowing in situ voltammetric measurements by means of either a mercury film or a mercury drop electrode has been developed. The various possibilities of voltammetric measurements in the presence of dissolved oxygen have been reviewed and tested. Optimum conditions for the determination of trace metals in oxygenated waters have been found. In situ determinations of Mn(II) in anoxic lake water and of trace metals (Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺) in oxygen-saturated sea water are reported.     

Solubility of ferrocyanides and ferricyanides in sodium pyrophosphate

1. Prussian blue and the ferrocyanides of Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn, UO₂ are dissolved by sodium pyrophosphate. Na₄[Fe(CN)₆] and the water soluble double sodium pylophosphates of the afore mentioned metals are formed. 2. The Ferricyanides of Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, react with sodiun pyrophospate forming Na₃[Fe(CN)₆] and the water soluble sodium double pyrophosphates of the aforementioned metals.     

Assessment of Bhatiari Lake water quality: Pollution indices,hydrochemical signatures and hydro-statistical analysis

This study aimed at evaluating the water quality of Bhatiari Lake (BL) for the first time based on water quality parameters, pollution indices, hydrochemical signatures and hydro-statistical analysis. Lake water samples were collected from the lake during April–May 2019 and wide ranges of parameters were considered for the investigation. Except for COD and Fe, all the parameters were within the permissible limit. COD crossed Bangladesh standards and testing institution (BSTI) and United States environmental protection agency (USEPA) standards. In contrast, Fe crossed World health organization (WHO), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and USEPA standards. Hydrochemical analysis indicated the water as soft-fresh where near neutral low-metal was noticed from the Ficklin-Caboi diagram. Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-HCO₃^- type water was confirmed from Piper and Chadha diagram, whereas Durov and Schoeller's diagram were indicated the influence of Mg²⁺-HCO₃^-. The trend of cations and anions were Ca²⁺> Mg²⁺> Na⁺>K⁺ and HCO₃^? > Cl^? > NO₃^? > SO₄^2? > PO₄^3? as stated by pie chart. Most precipitation dominant water was confirmed from the Gibbs diagram. Principal component analysis (PCA), Cluster analysis (CA) and Correlation matrix (CM) indicated the co-existence of geogenic and anthropogenic sources for pollution. Good water quality was observed via an integrated approach namely degree of contamination (C_d), Single-Factor Pollution Index (SPI), Comprehensive pollution index (CPI), Heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), Heavy metal pollution index (HPI), Nemerow's pollution index (NPI) and Ecological risk index (ERI). In addition, water quality index (WQI) remarked the water is excellent. Taken collectively, the present study indicates the BL water can be considered pollution-free.     

基于三维荧光技术的艾比湖流域地表水盐分快速诊断研究

如何快速获取干旱区地表水盐分含量是干旱区绿洲地表水有效管理的关键问题。研究以艾比湖流域为研究区,三维荧光光谱技术为诊断手段,利用荧光激发发射矩阵(EEM)结合平行因子分析(PARAFAC)法,提取艾比湖流域地表水水体荧光组分,构建干旱区地表水三维荧光光谱指数。通过线性回归方法,建立基于三维荧光光谱技术的地表水盐分含量的诊断模型。结果表明： (1)艾比湖流域地表水溶解性有机质含有四种荧光组分即： 微生物腐殖质(C1),腐殖酸等有机物质(C2,C4),蛋白质类有机物质(C3)。(2)通过三维荧光指数分析发现,流域地表水有机污染类型为“陆源型”,受人类干扰比较严重,水体有机污染差异较大,且三维荧光指数、荧光组分分别与地表水水体含盐量呈显著相关性,W2,W4,W7,F355,HIX和BIX与水体盐分含量的关系显著,0.516<r<0.915,其中HIX与水体盐分含量呈明显负相关,相关系数r为-0.57。(3)利用三维荧光指数和荧光组分建立水体盐分估算模型,模型拟合系数大于0.7,模型验证精度符合统计学要求,估算模型的RPD值均大于1.4,模型估算能力较强。因此,基于三维荧光光谱技术实现艾比湖流域地表水水体含盐量诊断研究是可行的。该研究不仅探讨了干旱区艾比湖流域地表水三维荧光的特点,而且将为三维荧光应用于干旱中亚地区地表水有机污染监测提供一定的科学依据。     

光度法研究太湖表层沉积物中磷形态分布及动力学特征

表层沉积物是水体污染物的源和汇。研究表明,太湖地区特别是梅梁湾和东太湖表层沉积物中磷等营养元素污染严重。采用SMT法(standards measurements and testing)和钼锑抗分光光度法对太湖18个采样点表层沉积物样品进行前处理和磷形态分析,结合我国、加拿大和美国标准对总磷进行污染评价。通过拟合建立了吸附-解吸动力学特征方程,并在不同pH、水土比的环境条件下获得磷的吸附特性。同时也在不同温度和pH下对磷进行解吸特征研究。结果表明： S₉采样点总磷、无机磷、有机磷和酸磷含量均最高,S₁₁采样点碱磷含量最高。对于所有采样点,各形态磷平均值大小排序为(μg·g-1)： 无机磷(401.43)>酸磷(377.81)>有机磷(175.37)>碱磷(25.53)。污染评价结果表明： 除S₁₂,S₁₄~S₁₆及S₁₈采样点外,其余采样点均有不同程度的污染。表层沉积物对磷的吸附-解吸过程均符合伪二级动力学方程。吸附过程最佳水土比为25∶1,且pH值对吸附和解吸有不同程度的影响。研究结果为掌握太湖梅梁湾和东太湖区域磷的污染现状提供理论依据,同时为研究磷在沉积物-水界面的迁移规律提供可信的实验数据。     

浑浊二类水体的高分四号卫星大气校正效果分析

高分四号卫星是我国首颗高空间分辨率地球静止卫星,在浑浊二类水体的遥感定量监测方面应用潜力很大。为评价高分四号多光谱数据经大气校正后水体反射率的精度,以太湖为研究区,使用同步MODIS数据辅助的Gordon单次散射改进算法,对2016年7月21日和2016年8月17日两景高分四号多光谱数据进行大气校正,并通过与地面同步实测光谱数据、以及地球静止水色卫星GOCI数据大气校正结果的协同比对,验证高分四号多光谱数据的大气校正效果,为该卫星产品的水色遥感应用提供借鉴和参考。结果表明,红光B4波段校正精度最高,平均绝对误差(MAPE)为10.71%;绿光B3波段校正精度次高,MAPE为13.21%;近红外B5波段校正精度次低,MAPE为33.06%;蓝光B2波段校正精度最低,MAPE为53.55%。其中B3,B4和B5波段校正精度高于GOCI,主要原因在于高分四号的空间分辨率远高于GOCI,混合像元导致的精度误差相对较小,充分显示了高分四号作为一颗高空间分辨率地球静止卫星在水色遥感方面的优势;而B2波段低于GOCI,表明高分四号的蓝光波段尚有改进空间,今后有必要对该波段进行重新定标等处理;在未得到有效处理的情况下,水色遥感应用应尽量避开该波段。总体而言,高分四号多光谱数据校正精度较高,可以较好的应用于内陆二类浑浊水体的定量遥感监测。     

新疆博格达西段石英二长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年及地质意义

新疆博格达西段三个山一带地层被原1:20万区调厘定为下二叠统红雁池组(P1hy).通过对区内侵入该地层的石英二长岩体SHRIMP锆石U-Pb精确测年获得206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为331.9±2.0Ma(MSWD=0.37).结合近年来区域地质调查过程中早石炭世珊瑚化石的发现,将围岩重新厘定为下石炭统七角井组(C1qj),并初步认为该岩体年龄代表了博格达石炭纪裂谷由拉张快速转入碰撞阶段的初始侵入活动,从而为重新认识博格达造山带西段石炭纪的构造演化提供佐证.