基于径向基神经网络和BP神经网络对日落黄荧光光谱的分析

对食用合成色素日落黄的荧光光谱进行研究,发现在最佳激发波长370nm紫外光的激励下,荧光峰值波位于576nm;经分析认为,日落黄溶液之所以能产生荧光是因为分子中偶氮键将一个苯环和一个萘环连接在一起,形成大共轭结构,并且取代基与—SO3Na与—OH处于萘环的对位,大大增强了日落黄分子的共轭程度,使其具有强的吸光功能,发出强荧光。另外,结合径向基神经网络和BP神经网络对未知样本进行浓度预测,结果精确,平均相对误差分别为3.51%和5.45%,RSD分别为1.83%和2.95%。该方法有望成为对食用合成色素进行高效检测的有效方法。     

中国氦冷固态增殖剂试验包层模块第一壁的改进设计与分析

根据中国氦冷固态增殖剂试验包层模块(CH HCCB TBM)设计方案,对TBM 第一壁进行改进设计,在ITER 相应运行工况条件下,进行了热工水力及应力计算与分析。分析结果表明,改进后的第一壁要求、最大应力值和在最高温度、冷却剂压降及应力分布方面,表现均优于原设计方案第一壁。     

基于PLC的HL-2A装置电子回旋共振加热系统控制与保护

介绍了以Siemens S7-300PLC为控制核心的HL-2A装置电子回旋共振加热控制与保护系统的设计与实现。系统采用了基于工业以太网的分布式结构,使用VFC/FVC电路和光纤隔离技术传输高电压/大电流的测量与控制信号,确保了控制系统运行的电气安全性,增强了信号传输过程中的抗干扰能力;加热系统的保护采用基于CPLD/FPGA实现的快速保护技术。实验证明该控制与保护系统具有兼容装置现场强电磁干扰的能力,运行稳定可靠、功能完善并具有良好的扩充性能。     

安宫牛黄丸体外安全性评价方法的研究

研究安宫牛黄丸中可溶性汞及三种毒性汞价态的体外溶出检测方法,探讨安宫牛黄丸体外安全性评价方法。通过试验研究提取溶剂、净化方式、提取、净化时间等因素对溶出的影响,确定最佳的提取方案。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定可溶性汞,高效液相色谱法-电感耦合等离子体质谱法联用测定三种汞价态。安宫牛黄丸中可溶性汞及三种毒性汞价态的最佳提取方法为：用人工肠液在37 ℃下超声处理2 h,提取液静置20 h后取上清液。方法重现性好,最大程度地模拟药物在体内的吸收环境。安宫牛黄丸提取液中可溶性汞含量较高,但不含汞的有毒价态：甲基汞、乙基汞和二价汞。该方法可推广应用于含朱砂中成药中可溶性汞及其价态的体外溶出和测定。以毒性大的三种汞价态：甲基汞、乙基汞和二价汞作为体外指标,可在一定程度上评价安宫牛黄丸的安全性。     

Contrôler et limiter la dispersion des produits radioactifs des centrales électronucléaires en cas d'accident

We examine the role of physical, chemical and physicochemical differences between the consequences of accidents occurring in high-risk technologies (oil extraction, refinery and transport, big chemistry process, space shuttle flying start, airplane, underground mining, high velocity train transportation, etc.) and the major radioactive major accidents in nuclear power plants (NPP) from the viewpoint of their sequels, confined or not confined, in space and time, and then, their serious impact on human societies, neighboring or not. We identify chemical (as volatile species, noble gases, etc.), physical bodies (as aerosols, etc.) containing radioactive nuclei released in these accidents and seek to control and reduce the causes of their diffusion in the atmosphere, migrations in soils and land, transfer in inland waters and oceans. We propose ways of scientific research leading to solutions with a view to get an improved control of these radioactive substances, and in particular:

• A.reducing as much as possible the irradiation duration by removing the fuel elements from the nuclear core of the NPP reactor and extracting all culprit radioactive nuclei;
• B.designing power reactors using liquid fuels that can be frequently or even continuously removed from the core of the reactor. The disputed radioactive substances can, then, be extracted by chemical processes. The purified nuclear fuel fluid may then be returned to the core;
• C.to separate, in a more radical manner, the circuits of the nuclear fuel and that of the cooling fluid, in order to decrease strongly the radioactive phenomena in the latter, easing its design, operation, maintenance and dismantling;
• D.using a fuel of lower atomic number than uranium or plutonium, as thorium. The use in the present-time fuel cycle of actinides with high atomic numbers Z (number of protons) and A (number of nucleons) leads, by successive neutron captures, to very high Z and A pair–pair nuclei (as americium and curium) subject to spontaneous fissions, then emitting neutrons of fission, even when the nuclear chain reaction is stopped. Neutron emissions are a major hazard if their mass production oversizes the laboratory level. It poses difficult, complicated scientific problems for human radioprotection. A way to improve concepts further than A, B, and C consists in using a nuclear fuel whose Z and A numbers are much smaller than those of uranium, for instance thorium. This is concept D studied here.

A substantial part of these lines of these four research routes has been already studied in other contexts, during the last half-century. What can be used is specified here, with the necessary extensions to the fields of physics, chemistry, and physical chemistry.     

Modelling subgroup behaviour in crowd dynamics DEM simulation

This paper investigates the behaviour of subgroups in crowd dynamics by means of filming and observation. An existing crowd modelling program, CrowdDMX, based on a discrete element model (DEM) has been modified on the basis of observations made in this paper and literature. Each person is represented as three overlapping circles and motion is modelled in a Newtonian manner. It incorporates psychological forces as well as physical forces in a 2D time-stepping environment. The DEM model was modified to include realistic subgroup behaviour, representing people in the crowd desiring to stay together (families, friends, etc.). Subgroup psychological forces were incorporated. The previous model only simulated individuals moving independently, which was unrealistic in some situations as shown by the observation and filming part of the study. The revised program models subgroups realistically including the tendency to avoid subgroup division in cases of contra-flow.     

红层与煤系复合结构覆岩采动破坏分析及其应用

许多矿区煤层采动影响范围内的覆岩层由红层和煤层共同构成。本文研究了山东省太平煤矿东区二叠系 3号煤层覆岩破坏和防水煤柱留设的问题 ,在对上覆第四系水文地质条件分析的基础上 ,对红层和煤系复合结构覆岩的工程地质特征和破坏状况进行了分析 ,确定了合理的防水煤岩柱高度 ,并经过开采验证 ,避免了水害发生.     

基于块体理论安全系数的隧道优化设计

以连云港后云台山隧道为工程地质背景。所研究隧址区主要岩性较为单一,以硬质的变粒岩为主,部分地段见软弱的绿片岩层,软硬岩层交切,在洞顶和洞壁容易形成掉块和坍塌。考虑到其结构面控稳的特点,利用Unwedge程序,将块体理论应用于指导隧道优化设计,包括洞形的选择,隧道走向的优化、支护参数的确定等。通过实例分析与计算证明,块体理论在低地应力区结构面控稳的地下洞室的优化设计中具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。     

多煤层开采覆岩破断过程的模型试验与数值模拟

首先分析了研究区煤矿山西组煤层剖面和水文地质特征,针对多煤层联合开采的特点和覆岩的工程地质特征,采用工程地质力学模型实验、数值模拟计算相结合的综合研究方法,分析了多煤层开采的采动影响及岩层动态断裂机理,得出了有关岩层移动参数和多层煤同采时应力分布状态,计算得到了多煤层开采垮落带与导水裂隙带的发育高度分别为32m和81.5m,导水裂隙带高度影响范围已经达到风化带,未形成切冒,局部穿透粘土层。     

用人工神经网络估算岩质边坡的安全系数

基于工程事例, 介绍了一组初步试验工作, 探讨人工神经网络(ANN)方法用于岩质边坡稳定性安全系数估算的可能性。文中给出三次试验及试验结果, 试验结果表明用人工神经网络估算岩质边坡安全系数不仅是可行的, 而且是一种实时、准确且准备工作简单的估算方法。