饲料蛋白质水平对日本无针乌贼生长性能和肌肉营养成分的影响

为研究饲料中不同蛋白质水平对日本无针乌贼生长性能及肌肉营养成分的影响, 试验配制了蛋白质水平为35%、40%、45%、50%、55%共5组试验饲料, 对初始体重为(37.86±5.63)g的(P>0.05). 当饲料蛋白质水平为50%时, 肌肉中粗蛋白(82.09%)、氨基酸总量(80.45%)达最大值, 而肌肉粗脂肪在饲料蛋白质55%组达到最大(6.33%), 均显著高于其他4组(P<0.05). 对肌肉氨基酸和脂肪酸的分析结果表明: 肌肉中必需氨基酸量(28.29%)和鲜味氨基酸量(33.03%)在45%和50%两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),但显著高于其他3组(P<0.05); 总不饱和脂肪酸(EPA+DHA)呈先降后升的趋势, 在45%组和50%组显著低于其他组(P<0.05). 根据SGR折线模型拟合回归方程分析得出, 日本无针乌贼对饲料蛋白质的需求量为44.73%     

A new neolignan from the thorns of Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi

A new neolignan, 5-(3″-acetoxypropyl)-2-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3-methylbenzofuran (1) along with nine analogues were isolated from the thorns of Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi by solvent extraction and repeated column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D, 2D-NMR techniques and HR-ESIMS. All the isolates were reported for the first time from this species.     

忍冬花内蜜腺的解剖学研究

忍冬的花内蜜腺分布在花冠简内侧的基部。蜜腺由分泌表皮和产蜜组织组成,属于花被蜜腺。分泌表皮的大部分细胞特化为单细胞的蜜腺毛,其顶端的角质层厚薄不均匀,在蜜腺组织的发育过程中,蜜腺毛中的液泡变化较为明显,产蜜组织细胞中的淀粉粒也呈现出一定的消长规律。泌蜜期间,密腺毛的角质层与细胞壁分离,其间充满蜜汁,蜜汁通过薄的角质层处泌出。     

Isolation and purification of chemical constituents from the pericarp of Sophora japonica L. by chromatography on a 12% cross-linked agarose gel

A chromatographic method using 12% cross-linked agarose gel Superose 12 as the separation medium was developed for isolation and purification of the chemical constituents from the pericarp of Sophora japonica L. The mobile phase used for the separation was 2% acetic acid and 7% acetic acid in gradient elution. As a result, eight compounds including four kinds of flavonoids and four kinds of isoflavonoids were obtained in a one-step separation. A straightforward explanation of the separation mechanism of flavonoids and isoflavonoids on Superose 12 is also given. The flavonoids and isoflavonoids are retained on Superose 12 by a combination of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions between the hydroxyl groups of aglycone and the residues of the cross-linking reagents used in the manufacture of Superose 12.     

Preparative isolation and purification of flavone compounds from sophora japonica L. by high-speed counter-current chromatography combined with macroporous resin column separation

High-speed counter-current chromatography combined with macroporous resin column separation was applied to the isolation and purification of genistein-7,4'-di-O-beta-D-glucoside (I), genistein-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-4'-O-[(alpha-L-rhamnopyransoyl)-(1-2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] (II), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-sophoroside(III), quercetin-3-O-beta-L-ramnopyranosyl-(1 - 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (IV), genistein-4'-beta-L-rhamnopyransoyl-(1 - 2)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (V), and kaempferol-3-O-beta-L-ramnopyranosyl-(1 - 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (VI) from the Chinese medicinal herb Sophora japonica L. The crude extracts from the pericarps of Sophora japonica L. were pre-separated on a D-101 macroporous resin column and divided into two parts as sample 1 and sample 2. An 80-mg portion of sample 1 was separated by using n-butanol-acetic acid (1%) (5:5, v/v) as the two-phase solvent system and yielded 30.1 mg of compound I, 23.3 mg of compound II. A 120 mg portion of sample 2 was separated by using ethyl acetate-n-butanol-acetic acid (1%) (5:0.8:5, v/v) as the two-phase solvent system and yielded 5.5 mg of compound III, 31.7 mg of compound IV, 37.4 mg of compound V, and 6.2 mg of compound VI. The purities of compounds I, II, III, IV, V, and VI were 98.7, 98.2, 97.8, 98.5, 99.3, and 98.9%, respectively, as determined by HPLC. The chemical structures of these components were identified by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR.     

New Secoiridoid Glucosides from Swertia japonica

Four new secoiridoid glucosides, swertiajaposides C–F ( 1 – 4 , resp.), were isolated from the whole plant of Swertia japonica Makino together with two known compounds, 8‐hydroxy‐10‐hydrosweroside ( 5 ) and senburiside IV ( 6 ). The structures of 1 – 4 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic, chemical, and physicochemical evidence.     

日本黄姑鱼与(鮸)状黄姑鱼的分子标记和遗传变异

利用RAPD技术对日本黄姑鱼(Nibea japonica)和(鮸)状黄姑鱼(Nibea miichthioides)养殖群体进行了基因组DNA遗传分析.从120个随机引物中,筛选出19个扩增效果好,条带清晰的引物进行扩增.结果表明:(1)日本黄姑鱼和(鮸)状黄姑鱼群体内个体间的平均遗传相似度分别为0.885 3和0.890 1;用SPSS软件对群体内个体间遗传相似度的方差分析结果表明,在(鮸)状黄姑鱼群体内存在显著差异(P＜0.05),而在日本黄姑鱼群体内则差异不显著,表明日本黄姑鱼的种质较单一,存在近交衰退的危险;(2)2种黄姑鱼之间相似度为0.785 0,遗传距离为0.215 0,由此判断2种黄姑鱼为同一属的2个不同物种,这与形态学分析的结果相一致.