用时滞和阶跃序列组合生成网格多涡卷蔡氏混沌吸引子

提出了在规范型蔡氏电路中生成两种不同类型网格多涡卷混沌吸引子的新方法.与现有文献报道仅构造同一类型非线性函数产生多涡卷混沌吸引子的主要差别在于,这种方法能在一个蔡氏电路中同时构造时滞序列和阶跃序列,并通过其不同的组合方式来扩展相空间中指标2的鞍焦平衡点,从而生成两种不同类型的网格多涡卷混沌吸引子.理论分析、数值模拟和电路实验结果证实了该方法的可行性. 关键词： 规范型蔡氏电路 网格多涡卷混沌吸引子 时滞序列和阶跃序列 电路实现     

张弦梁(桁架)结构的找形方法——分级卸载法

对张弦梁(桁架)结构的找形问题进行了深入研究,根据该类结构的受力特点,提出了分级卸载法。该方法无需假定结构零状态几何,而可以一次得到对应于初状态(即预应力态)几何的结构施工放样尺寸(即零状态几何),并通过分级加载对该方法的精度进行了检验。     

质子数Z 分别位于Ru 之上和之下的A~(100~126) 丰中子原子核三轴形变在原子核形状变迁和共存中的重要作用(英文)

基于Ru (Z = 44) 丰中子同位素中存在最大三轴形变的理论预言和实验证据,综述了近年来Rh (Z = 45),Pd (Z =46), Ag (Z =47), Cd (Z =48)(质子数Z 位于Ru,Z =44 之上)及Zr (Z =40), Nb (Z =41), Mo (Z =42),Tc (Z =43)(质子数Z 位于Ru,Z =44 之下) 的A~ (100~126) 丰中子同位素中关于三轴形变的形状变迁和形状共存系统性研究的重要进展。252Cf 自发裂变瞬发 射线-- 三重符合、特别是新建立的--- 四重符合数据的系统观测和研究,在Ru, Pd, Cd 和Nb 丰中子同位素中显著扩展或首次观测到了一系列能带,为这个核区原子核形状的研究提供了新的、重要的实验数据。联系此前报道的有关进展,使用PES, TRS, PSM, CCCSM 和SCTAC 理论模型计算拟合新的实验数据,在该核区沿同中素和同位素链,并随自旋和激发能变化各自由度,跟踪原子核形状渐进变化,获得了新的系统性研究成果,显著扩展和深化了人们对原子核形状变迁和形状共存的认知。对于Ru 及其上的Rh (Z = 45), Pd (Z = 46), Ag (Z = 47) 和Cd (Z = 48) 丰中子同位素的研究表明:Rh 丰中子核具有比最大值稍小的三轴形变,γ = 28°,并在103{106Rh 同位素链上鉴别出了手征对称破缺;在三轴形变核112Ru和114Pd(N = 68)中发现了三轴原子核的摆动运动,该摆动运动也可能在114Ru (N = 70)中存在;观察到了从具有最大三轴形变的110,112Ru 中手征破缺到稍小三轴形变的112,114,116Pd 中扰动的手征破缺的过渡;在较软的Ag 核中观察到了丰富的谱学结构,在104,105Ag 中鉴别出了可能的手征对称破缺,在较重的115,117Ag 中提出了趋于三轴形变的软度;具有小形变的Cd核的能级结构被解释为准粒子耦合、准转动和软三轴形变;最近的库伦激发的研究提供了Z = 50, N = 82满壳附近122,124,126Cd 核中出现核集体性的实验和理论证据;上述研究成果展现出从Ru中的最大三轴形变(γ=30°,三轴形变极小增益为0.67 MeV), 经具有大三轴形变的Rh核γ=28°),到Pd核中的稍小、但稳定于中等自旋到高自旋区的三轴形变(γ~41°,三轴形变极小增益为0.32 MeV),再经Ag核中的软度,最后到具有很小形变、但仍出现集体性质、包括软三轴形变的Cd核的过渡。对于Pd核转动带交叉系统性的研究揭示了其第一带交叉(νh_11/2)2 中子转动顺排的上行驱动,和第二带交叉(πg_9/2)2质子转动顺排的下行驱动效应,成功地解释了114Pd 中的三轴摆动运动,并给出了110-118Pd同位素链中理论早已预言、而比早期理论预言更为完整准确的形状渐进变迁和形状共存的图像。根据该核区的系统研究,发现最大三轴形变出现在112Ru,而在相邻的偶Z(Pd)同位素链,三轴形变极小的中心在114Pd, 两者均为N = 68。上述系统性研究沿相邻的Ru和Pd偶Z同位素链,在N =68同中素中鉴别出最大三轴形变,均比理论预言的108Ru 和110Pd 多4个中子。在Z值位于Ru (Z = 44) 之下的Zr (Z = 40), Nb (Z = 41), Mo (Z = 42) and Tc (Z = 43) 丰中子同位素中,Y和Zr核具有很强的轴对称四极形变,而在较重的Zr同位素中出现了自由度;较重的Nb核(A = 104~106) 基态具有中等程度的软三轴形变和强四极形变,随着自旋和激发能的增加,过渡到接近于轴对称的强四极形变;而较轻的Nb核(A≤103) 基态均接近轴对称形状;在Nb同位素链上基态由球形到强四极形变的形状突变发生在100Nb(N = 59),在100-106Nb同位素链中基态的软三轴形变随中子数增加而增加;在Nb核中还观察到关于软三轴形变的形状共存;Mo核具有大的三轴形变,观察到了振动和手征对称破缺;Tc核具有比最大值稍小的三轴形变,γ=26°,并观察到了手征对称破缺。质子数Z从41到48的A~(100~126)丰中子同位素,特别是Pd和Nb 同位素,呈现出关于三轴形变的过渡特征。This paper reviews the systematic investigations and understanding for the shape transitions and coexistence with regard to triaxial deformations in A s 100 to 126 neutron-rich Rh (Z = 45), Pd (Z = 46), Ag (Z = 47), Cd (Z = 48) and Zr (Z = 40), Nb (Z = 41), Mo (Z = 42), Tc (Z = 43) isotopes with Z beyond and below Ru (Z = 44), respectively, in Ru the maximal triaxial deformation having been predicted and deduced. The recent measurements and studies of prompt triple- and four-fold, γ-γ-γ and γ-γ-γ-γ, coincidence data from the spontaneous fission of 252Cf using Gammasphere have yielded considerable expansion and extension or first observation of the bands in Ru, Pd, Cd, and Nb isotopes,which provided important data for the studies of nuclear shapes in this region. Combined with previous investigations, recent systematic studies of the new data well reproduced by PES, TRS, PSM, CCCSM and SCTAC model calculations have traced shape changes along the isotonic and isotopic chains, respectively,and with changing excitations/spins as well, significantly expanding our knowledge of shape transitions/coexistence in nuclei.For the neutron-rich Ru and beyond, Rh, Pd, Ag and Cd isotopes, triaxial deformations γ= 28°,slightly smaller than the maximal value, were deduced in Rh (Z = 45) isotopes, with chiral symmetry breaking proposed in 103-106Rh; onset of wobbling motions were identified in 112Ru and 114Pd (N =68),and probably also in 114Ru (N =70); evolution from chiral symmetry breaking in 110,112Ru with maximal triaxial deformations to disturbed chirality in 112,114,116Pd with less pronounced triaxial deformations was proposed; rich nuclear structure was proposed in soft Ag isotopes with possible chiral doubling structure suggested in 104,105Ag, and softness towards triaxial deformation proposed in heavier 115,117Ag;quasi-particle couplings, quasi-rotations and soft triaxiality were suggested in Cd (Z =48) isotopes with small deformations; onset of collectivity was recently suggested in 122,124,126Cd in the vicinity of Z =50 and N = 82 closed shells by studies of Coulomb excitations; shape evolutions from maximal triaxial deformations in Ru (γ=30°, with triaxial minimum energy gain of 0.67 MeV), through Rh with large triaxial deformations ( γ=28°), to less pronounced triaxiality in Pd (with triaxial minimum energy gain of 0.32 MeV), then soft triaxiality in Ag, and finally to slightly deformed Cd isotopes but with emergence of collectivity and soft triaxiality were proposed. The systematic studies of the band crossings in Pd revealed up-rising drivings of the first band crossings caused by (νh_11/2)2 and down-sloping drivings of the second band crossings by (πg_9/2)2, explained the onset of wobbling motions in 114Pd,and showed a long-sought picture of shape evolution and coexistence in the Pd isotopic chain which is more complete but complex than earlier predictions. Based on the systematic studies in the mass region,maximal triaxial deformation is found to be reached in 112Ru and less-pronounced triaxiality centered at 114Pd, both for N =68, four neutrons more than predicted in earlier theoretical calculations.In the neutron-rich Zr (Z =40), Nb (Z =41), Mo (Z =42) and Tc (Z =43) isotopes with Z just below Ru, large quadrupole deformations of axially symmetric shapes were deduced in Y and Zr isotopes, with emergence of the degree of freedom having been suggested for heavier Zr isotopes; medium triaxial deformations were deduced for the ground states of heavier (A > 104) Nb isotopes, and, with increasing excitations and spins, evolution from medium triaxial deformations with strong quadrupole deformations at ground states to nearly axially-symmetric shapes were deduced; light Nb isotopes (A6103) have near axially-symmetric shapes with strong quadrupole deformations; combining with the identification of onset of strong quadrupole deformation at 100Nb in the Nb isotopic chain, an increase of soft triaxiality with increasing neutron number was proposed in 100-106Nb. Shape coexistence with regard to soft triaxiality is also proposed in Nb isotopes; large triaxial deformations, vibrations and chiral doublets were proposed in Mo isotopes; chiral doubling and large triaxial deformations (γ ~26°) slightly smaller than the maximal triaxiality were suggested in Tc isotopes.The neutron-rich nuclei with Z ranging from 41 through 48 and A ~100 to 126, especially the Pd and Nb isotopes are thus found to be transitional nuclei with regard to triaxiality.     

OX2(X=F，Cl，Br，I，At)中的离域π63键

本文在理论层面上研究了OX₂(X=F,Cl,Br,I,At)分子的电子结构,结果表明其中存在离域π⁶₃键,氧原子采取sp²杂化方式,与价层电子对互斥理论预测的结果不符. 提出了离域稳定化能衡量形成离域π⁶₃键对能量降低的贡献,证实离域π⁶₃键对分子结构起到了额外的稳定作用. 这些现象可以总结为一种配位效应.     

甲醇在γ-Al2O3,CeO2及其负载Pd催化剂上吸附和分解的原位红外光谱研究

利用原位傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)技术对甲醇在γ Al2 O3,CeO2 以及Pd/Al2 O3,Pd/CeO2 催化剂上的吸附和分解行为进行了研究。综合考虑了载体和活性组分的作用 ,分析了甲醇在不同载体负载Pd催化剂上可能的分解途径。在Pd/CeO2 催化剂上 ,活性组分和载体对甲醇分解的过程表现出了一种协同效应。     

（Ti,Al）N薄膜光学性能的研究

研究了（Ｔｉ，Ａｌ）薄膜的光学特性，对其反射和透射光谱作了仔细分析。运用Ｈａｄｌｅｙ方程，算出一定成分（Ｔｉ，Ａｌ）Ｎ膜的折射率ｎ，消光系数ｋ随波长的变化关系。又根据透射曲线，计算出了（Ｔｉ，Ａｌ）Ｎ膜的光隙能。     

多重分形谱及其在材料研究中的应用

详细讨论了多重分形谱中各参量的物理意义,拽出随机多重分形谱中出现异常区的原因。提出了一种舒去少量异常小的分布概率的方法,局部消除了异常区,最后介绍了一些多重分形谱在材料研究中的应用。     

强非局域非线性介质中时空可控艾里-因氏-高斯光束的传输

根据强非局域非线性介质(SNNM)中傍轴光束传输遵循的(3+1)维薛定谔方程,获得了椭圆坐标系下时空可控艾里-因氏-高斯(CAiIG)光束的解析解。CAiIG光束由具有不同初始速度的艾里脉冲对空间因氏-高斯光束时域调制获得。通过调整光束初始入射功率和临界功率的比率、初始入射速度以及椭圆参数,探讨了SNNM中CAiIG光束的传输过程。时空CAiIG光束在传输过程中保持非色散特性。依据初始入射功率和临界功率的比率,光束束宽在空间呈现出周期性振荡(功率比不等于1)或者保持不变(功率比等于1)的状态。调整椭圆参数的值可以实现时空艾里-因氏-高斯光束与时空艾里-拉盖尔-高斯光束及时空艾里-厄米-高斯光束间的连续转换。此外,给出了SNNM中CAiIG光束呈呼吸态传输时几个传输截面上的能流分布图。     

红外偏振成像对伪装目标的探测识别研究

针对目前普通光电成像系统对伪装目标的探测和识别概率较低的状况,提出伪装目标的探测识别新技术研究。介绍了红外偏振成像系统的原理、组成和特点,研制的中波/长波红外偏振成像装置,其波段范围为3 m ~5 m和8 m~12 m,线偏振度95%,消光比大于100∶1,给出了试验分析数据和偏振融合效果图。研究表明,采用红外偏振成像技术可以有效地实现对地面伪装目标的探测和识别。研究结果还可以扩展到对人工假目标、空中隐身目标等的探测和识别。     

电子散射的受激原子态取向的趋向性规则

原子碰撞中的取向参数的研究为原子碰撞动力学、受激原子态结构提供了丰富的信息。本介绍近年来电子与原子碰撞受激原子态取向的特征，其中包括电子与轻原子低能小角度散射下取向的趋向性规则；自旋依赖的取向特点；重原子散射下的取向特点，就重原子散射下取向的趋向性规则的破坏做了简要的分析和讨论。