超声速度与生物组份关系研究

本文研究了人和猪的肝、心、脑、肾、肌肉和猪的脂肪等六种组织的声速与组份关系。结果表明:Sarvazyan A.P.得出的兔肝声速主要由组份决定,组织结构的影响可忽略不计的结论也适用于人肝和猪肝,且它们的声速与水份含量关系,可由蛋白质水溶液的声速理论所描述;生物组织的声速随蛋白质含量增高而增大,随水份和脂肪含量增高而减小。     

亲水相互作用色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定肝组织中羟脯氨酸

采用亲水相互作用色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱系统,建立了肝组织中胶原蛋白水解物羟脯氨酸(Hyp)的快速定量检测方法。将正常及四氯化碳肝纤维化模型小鼠的肝组织样品酸水解,经过滤、稀释后,采用Hypersil GOLD HILIC色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,3μm)分离,以水-乙腈(28∶72,v/v)为流动相进行等度洗脱,最后用配有电喷雾离子源的四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱在正离子模式下进行检测。结果表明,Hyp在0.78~100.00μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)为0.998 3,方法的定量限为0.78μg/L,样品加标回收率为97.4%~100.9%,相对标准偏差为1.4%~2.0%(n=6)。此外,该方法与传统的氯胺T法进行比较,发现两种方法的检测结果相关性良好,Pearson相关系数为0.927;较氯胺T法,该法具有操作简便、准确度高的优点。该方法可用于肝组织中Hyp的快速定量分析。     

基于遗传算法-支持向量机的兔肝VX2肿瘤光谱鉴别

兔肝VX２肿瘤是一种快速生长的肿瘤模型,可以在多种器官如肝、肺、直肠等快速生长,常用于肿瘤研究。采用可见-近红外高光谱技术对四只兔子的兔肝VX２肿瘤和正常组织进行活体和离体的反射光谱检测,然后采用支持向量机分别实现了二分类(正常肝组织和肝VX2肿瘤组织)和四分类(未出血活体正常肝组织、未出血活体VX2肿瘤组织、出血离体正常肝组织和出血离体肝VX2肿瘤组织)。根据其光谱反射曲线的特征,选择了400～1 800 nm区间的数据为特征变量。为进一步提高分类准确率,分别采用5折交叉验证和遗传算法对支持向量机的核函数参数g和惩罚因子c进行了优化。其中5折交叉验证优化参数和分类结果为：二分类优化的惩罚参数c为4,核函数参数g为0.125 0,其校正集和预测集的准确率都达到了100%;四分类中优化出的参数c为8,g为0.121 1,其校正集和预测集的准确率分别达到了99.242 4%和93.333%。遗传算法优化参数和结果为：二分类中优化的参数c为0.845 6,g为0.062 5,其校正集和预测集的准确率同样都达到了100%;四分类中优化的参数c为5.5307,g为0.068 5,其校正集和预测集的准确率分别达到了99.242 4%和100%。结果显示两种优化方法都取得了很好的效果,遗传算法优化参数对四分类的分类更为精确。为进一步提升算法速度,采用间隔选取变量的方法来不断减少特征变量,最终每隔100 nm谱段选择一个变量,共选择14个谱段作为特征变量。采用遗传算法优化支持向量机参数并对其分类进行了研究,结果表明：二分类和四分类的校正集和预测集结果准确率均为99.242 4%,而且运行时间分别为11.4和20.0 s, 与选择全波段的运行时间：340.3和491.0 s相比, 说明多光谱技术可以进行肝VX2肿瘤组织和正常肝组织的鉴别,且分类准确率可达99%以上,而且运行时间缩短了很多。为未来多光谱技术在未来临床肿瘤诊断中实现肿瘤组织的快速实时在线检测和分类奠定了基础,显示出巨大的应用潜力。     

小鼠肝分离核着丝粒的富集

从小鼠肝分离核中富集了着丝粒(SFA)。富集的方法是由超声2mol/L NaCl抽提及高速离心组合而成。用放射免疫法测定结果说明着丝粒被富集了27倍(4次的平均值)。这一基本方法有可能进一步提高着丝粒富集的程度和富集其它脊椎动物的着丝粒。     

Study on Synthesis of Multivalent Neoglycoproteins and Their Binding Properties to Hepatic Stellate Cells

Ncoglycoproteins of human serum albumin (HSA) modified with some kind of carbohydrates were synthesized. Their molecular weight and purification were determined by HPSEC and SDS-PAGE, respectively. The binding properties of these conjugates to hepatic steHate cells (HSCs) were evaluated by confocai fluorescence microscopy. The bioactivity revealed that compound 4a (HSA modified with glucose) showed high bindiug affinity.     

Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Investigation of Interactions between Granulocyte-colony Stimulating Factor and Dextran Sulfate／Carrageenan Oligosaccharide

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is an O-glycosylated glycoprotein. G-CSF stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells committed to the neutrophil/granulocyte lineage in a dose-dependent manner. The most important application of G-CSF is in the treatment of transient phases of leukopenia following chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), former studies showed that G-CSF could interact with polysulfa…     

巴戟滋补膏对甲低阳虚兔肝和脑中五种微量元素的影响

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法．对甲状腺切除兔(阳虚组)、甲状腺切除后微服巴戟滋补膏兔(中药组)以及对照组实验免肝和脑中锌、铜、铁、锰、铬5种元素进行检测．结果表明，甲低阳虚兔肝和脑中锌／铜值下降；灌服巴戟滋补膏使造型兔病情改善的同时可使其肝中元素改变好转．     

Circulation times of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by in vivo flow cytometry

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） may metastasize to many organs. The survival rate is almost zero for metastatic HCC patients. Molecular mechanisms of HCC metastasis need to be understood better and new therapies must be developed. We have developed the ＂in vivo microscopy＂ to study the mechanisms that govern liver tumor cells spreading through the microenvironment in vivo. A recently developed ＂in vivo flow cytometer＂ combined with real-time confocal fluorescence imaging is used to assess spreading and the circulation kinetics of liver tumor cells. We measure the depletion kinetics of two related human HCC cell lines, high-metastatic HCCLM3 cells and low-metastatic HepG2 cells, which are from the same origin and obtained by repetitive screenings in mice. More than 60% of the HCCLM3 cells are depleted within the first hour. Interestingly, the low-metastatic HepG2 cells possess noticeably slower depletion kinetics. In comparison, less than 40% of the HepG2 cells are depleted within the first hour. The differences in depletion kinetics might provide insights into early metastasis processes.