双功能受阻胺与紫外线吸收剂并用的协同效应研究

本文用IR、UV、ESR、TLC等方法研究了新型的双功能受阻胺光稳定剂,Tinuvin-144 [2-(4′-羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基)苄基-2-正丁基丙二酸五甲基哌啶醇酯]与紫外线吸收剂,UV-531(2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮)和UV-327(2-[2′-羟基-3′,5′-二叔丁基]-5-氯 代苯并三唑)并用体系对聚丙烯光稳定化的并用效应。结果表明,Tinuvin-144与UV-531,UV-327并用时均具有良好的协同效应,144对531,327或531,327对144的光分解均具有相互的保护作用。结果还表明,144与531或327无论在模拟体系或聚丙烯中,在诱导期内均不存在促使他们消耗的化学反应,提出了协同作用的机理。     

不同LET 12C6+离子对生防菌BJ1的辐射诱变效应

选取高低两个LET点(40和60keV/m),剂量点分别为50,100,200,400,600Gy进行辐照处理,研究了生防菌的存活率与突变率的关系,抑菌谱以及活性等。结果表明,在高LET条件下,低剂量辐照就可以得到较多的突变体,并且BJ1有较高的存活率和突变谱,有利于筛选优良的正突变体。因此高LET较低LET有更为明显的辐射诱变效应。     

生活污水紫外线消毒的研究

阐述了紫外线消毒技术的优点、基本原理及现有的消毒系统 ,并通过实验进一步说明紫外线消毒在污水处理方面具有广阔的应用前景     

12C6+离子对阿维链霉菌累进辐照诱变效应研究

选用12C6+ 离子束对阿维链霉菌诱变选育高产菌株与原始菌株进行辐照诱变, 研究其累进辐照效应。实验结果表明,在辐照剂量为10 Gy时, 原始菌株比诱变高产菌株存活率高, 抗辐射能力强;辐照剂量高于30 Gy时,诱变高产菌株比原始菌株存活率高, 抗辐射能力强。原始菌株正突变率最高的辐照剂量为50 Gy, 致死率99.43%,正突变率最高, 达34.2%;对诱变高产菌株辐照剂量为30 Gy,致死率94.97%,正突变率最高, 达23.5% 。累进辐照效应降低了最佳辐照剂量。 Mutagenic effect on the mutant high producing strain ZJAV Y1 203 and the original strain ZJAV A1 irradiated by ion beam of 12C6+ have been investigated. The experimental results indicated that the original strain has higher survival rate and stronger resistance to radiation than mutant high producing Strain at dose of 10 Gy. The mutant high producing strain has higher survival rate and stronger resistance to radiation than the original strain at the dose higher than 30 Gy. The lethality was 97% and the highest rate of orthomutation was 34.2%, when ZJAV A1 was irradiated by 50 Gy 12C6+ beam. The lethality was 94.97% and the highest rate of orthomutation was 23.5% when ZJAV Y1 203 was irradiated by 30 Gy 12C6+ beam. The best radiation dose is decreased by progressivity irradiation.     

新型紫外线吸收剂的合成及其在聚乳酸超细纤维膜中的应用

以D-甘露糖和2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮(UV-O)为原料,合成了新型的紫外线吸收剂（3-羟基-4-苯甲酰基）苯基-2,3;4,6-二-O-亚环己基-D-β-吡喃甘露糖苷（UV-O-DHM）,其完全分解温度可达372.6 ℃,具有很好的热稳定性。 将UV-O-DHM均匀地掺入聚乳酸(PLA)的二氯甲烷溶液中,通过静电纺丝制得了可生物降解的抗紫外线PLA超细纤维膜。 采用扫描电子显微镜观察了纤维形貌,纤维的粗细均匀,直径为3~4 μm,且纤维表面有均匀的纳米孔结构。 随着PLA纤维中UV-O-DHM浓度的增大超细纤维的紫外辐射透过率降低。 当UV-O-DHM的掺入量为1.1%时,在230~350 nm范围内,透过率基本接近于0,同时在365~380 nm的紫外光范围内抗紫外辐射效果明显优于同等条件下的UV-O/聚乳酸纤维。     

Transverse Zeeman background correction method for air mercury measurement

By utilizing a natural mercury lamp, the transverse Zeeman background correction method, which is used for trace mercury measurement in air, is studied. In this paper, a natural mercury lamp is used as a light source, and is placed in a 1.78-T magnetic field. The lamp emits two linearly polarized light beams σ± and π of 253.65-nm resonance line, which are used as bias light and absorbing light, respectively. A polarization modulation system is used to allow σ± and π light beams to pass through alternately with a certain frequency. A multipath optical cell with 12-m optical path is used to increase optical distance. Based on the system described above, the influence caused by UV absorbing gases, such as NO2, SO2, acetone, benzene, and O3, is analyzed. The results show that it may reduce the detection limit when the concentrations of these gases exceed 83.4 ppm, 20.3 ppm, 142.3 ppm, 0.85 ppm, and 0.55 ppm, respectively. The detection limit of the system is calculated and can achieve up to 1.44 ng/m3 in 10 minutes. Measurements on mercury sample gas and air are carded out, and the measured data are compared with the data of RA-915 mercury analyzer （Russia）. The result shows that the correlation coefficient reaches up to 0.967. The experimental results indicate that the transverse Zeeman background correction method can be used to quantify trace mercury in air with high-precision.     

基于STC单片机的紫外火焰探测器设计

介绍了一种基于STC单片机的紫外线火焰探测器。紫外传感器采用OSRAM公司的SFH530-R,设计了传感器信号处理电路获取火焰信号的闪烁频率及其辐射的紫外线强度,通过判断传感器输出交流量的频率及幅值来识别火焰,将直流量转换成0~5V电压信号输出指示火焰强度。     

羧甲基壳聚糖-g-(2-氯乙酰氧基-4-甲氧基-二苯甲酮)的合成及其紫外吸收性能

2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮(紫外线吸收剂)与一氯乙酰氯反应制得功能中间体2-氯乙酰氧基-4-甲氧基-二苯甲酮(1);在碱性条件下1与羧甲基壳聚糖(CMC)在异丙醇中通过N-烷基化反应实现1在CMC上的接枝,合成了一系列新型CMC接枝物——CMC-g-1n(2-G,G=接枝率),其结构经UV,IR和XRD表征.并测试了2-G的吸湿性、保湿性以及溶解性.结果表明,2-G在311 nm处有最大紫外吸收;吸湿性随G的增大减小;保湿性随G的增大提高;2-G有较好的水溶性.     

Synthesis of Ultraviolet Absorber Benzotriazole by Nanoparticles Ag/SiO2 Catalytic Hydrogenation

The Ag/SiO2 nanoparticles had been successfully synthesized. The Ag/SiO2 nanoparticles can be an excellent catalyst for the synthesis of ultraviolet absorber benzotriazole by catalytic hydrogenation. The synthesis route is very efficient with less pollution and excellent yields. It is also easy to industrialized production.     

卫星搭载紫花苜蓿种子的拉曼光谱分析

为了了解卫星搭载对紫花苜蓿种子化学特性的影响,揭示空间诱变机理,文章利用傅里叶变换拉曼光谱法对卫星搭载当代的紫花苜蓿种子进行了研究。结果表明,与地面对照相比,飞行组在358和553 cm-1处的峰强增加,814,1 122,1 531,1 743 cm-1处的峰强降低,通过谱带归属发现,增强的358和553 cm-1分别与DNA和Ca2+有关,降低的4个峰与糖类、脂类有关。这说明经过卫星搭载后,苜蓿种子的DNA和Ca2+的量出现增加趋势,糖类与脂类的量出现降低趋势。其可能原因是(1)种子主动修复诱变产生的DNA损伤时,消耗部分贮存能量所致;(2)空间飞行过程中的超重导致种子细胞内的Ca2+ 浓度升高;(3)飞行因子导致种子提前萌发,DNA大量合成与复制,种子储藏的能量提前降解消耗。这一结果将对苜蓿空间诱变机理研究有重要参考价值。