New microscopic wave function of ��-condensation

We explain how to treat a microscopic wave function of ??-condensation taking a 3??-nucleus as a typical example. The wave function has been originally proposed ten years before by Horiuchi, R?pke, Schuck and the present author (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2001, 87: 192501). The microscopic model, which fully takes into account the Pauli principle between all the constituent nucleons, effective internucleon forces and the Coulomb force, can play an important role in reproducing an ??-gas nature thanks to ??-condensation as an excited state of ??-like nuclei. An essential point of the wave function is to describe their ground state simultaneously. We study its typical features by giving an analytical formula of the norm kernel and the kernel concerning the one-body operator for 3??-condensation.     

Thermodynamic Performance Characteristics of a Brownian Microscopic Heat Engine Driven by Discrete and Periodic Temperature Field

A Brownian microscopic heat engine with a particle hopping on a one-dimensional lattice driven by a discrete and periodic temperature field in a periodic sawtooth potential is investigated. In order to clarify the underlying physical pictures of the heat engine, the heat flow via the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the particles are considered simultaneously. Based on describing the jumps among the three states, the expressions of the efficiency and power output of the heat engine are derived analytically. The general performance characteristic curves are plotted by numerical calculation. It is found that the power output-efficiency curve is a loop-shaped one, which is similar to one for a real irreversible heat engine. The influence of the ratio of the temperature of the hot and cold reservoirs and the sawtooth potential on the maximum efficiency and power output is analyzed for some given parameters. When the heat flows via the kinetic energy is neglected, the power output-efficiency curve is an open-shaped one, which is similar to one for an endroeversible heat engine.     

一种新的光电成像末制导景象匹配方法

针对光电成像末制导景象匹配中图像存在尺度、旋转、灰度和3D视角差异的问题,构造了一种基于均匀模式的特征描述符,并基于该特征描述符和最稳定极值区域(MSER)提出了一种新的景象匹配算法。算法首先提取基准图像和实时图像的MSER特征,MSER特征具有尺度和仿射不变性,基于新的特征描述符分别对该特征进行旋转和灰度不变性特征描述,然后根据欧氏距离比值准则提取两图像间匹配的MSER特征对,根据随机抽样一致性(RANSAC)算法估计两图像的外极几何关系,实现末制导景象匹配。仿真结果表明,该算法能够在光电成像末制导过程中实现稳定的景象匹配,其稳健性优于传统方法。     

基于经验模态分解的虹膜识别

虹膜识别是一种有效的生物特征识别方法。经验模态分解(EMD)是一种可自适应的对非线性、非平稳信号进行多分辨率分解的信号分析算法。将虹膜图像进行EMD分解,找出有利于虹膜识别的敏感频带,使用选择后的固有模态分量对虹膜图像进行特征提取。仿真实验结果表明,该方法正确识别率达到99.44%,并且由于其在特征提取的同时消除了高频噪声和背景光影响,简化了预处理过程,降低了算法的复杂度。     

狭义相对论下电子自旋轨道耦合对X射线光谱的影响

基于狭义相对论的基本观点,研究了特征X射线的产生机理,分析了电子自旋轨道耦合对特征X射线波长的影响,导出了一个计算特征X射线波长的公式,同时对计算推导的波长值做了系统的误差分析,得到了相对误差的规律.结果表明,计算推导的波长值与实验的波长值非常接近,在实际应用中对分析特征X射线光谱具有一定的参考意义.     

冬小麦生长期光谱变化特征与叶绿素含量监测研究

在分析冬小麦生长期冠层反射光谱和叶绿素含量变化特征的基础上,对二者之间的相关性进行了研究。表明从小麦拔节期开始,冠层反射光谱在可见光区(400～750 nm)的反射率先降低而后升高,以孕穗期反射率最低;在近红外区(750～1 000 nm)冠层反射率由拔节期至孕穗期反射率降低,然后开始上升。扬花期上升至最高点后又开始下降,直至乳熟期降至最低。冬小麦冠层反射率与叶绿素含量相关分析结果表明,冬小麦拔节期和孕穗期二者呈正相关,扬花期二者呈负相关;整个生长期中,孕穗期可见光区552 nm处反射率与叶绿素含量相关系数最大达0.89。依据冬小麦生长期冠层反射光谱红边拐点位置,分别建立了拔节期叶绿素含量线性检测模型(R2=0.92)和孕穗期二项式模型(R2=0.91),用于冬小麦叶绿素含量的无损检测是可行的。     

基于IECM特征匹配的红外弱点目标快速检测算法

提出了一种新的复杂背景下低信噪比红外弱点目标检测算法。根据红外弱点目标在图像中的三维空间特征,从空间认知的角度出发,将三维的灰度分布特征转化为二维的等高线曲线特征,建立红外图像的等高线图(IECM)描述,利用图论中的树结构(等高线树)形式化地表达等高线的空间关系,在此基础上,给出弱点目标检测的等高线树检测准则,同时给出了等高线划分等级的选择方法。理论分析与实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的检测性能,且结构简单,利于硬件实时实现。在信噪比为1.4的情况下,对红外图像序列的检测概率为96.3%。     

一种改进的视觉传感器与激光测距雷达特征匹配点提取算法

激光测距雷达与视觉传感器的配准是视觉图像与激光距离信息融合的前提。激光测距雷达与视觉传感器的配准可分为点匹配与平面匹配。由于混合像素和非结构空间特征激光点丢失现象,使得基于点匹配的视觉传感器与激光测距雷达配准算法精度难以提高。通过对混合像素和非结构空间特征激光点丢失问题的分析,提出了一种结合平面建模思想,利用假想激光光束与平面模型相交提取匹配特征点的方法。验证了实验结果并进行了算法精度比较。实验结果表明,这种改进的特征匹配点提取算法解决了特征点缺失,并且提高了点匹配的精度,使匹配性能大大地改善。     

Unconventional Geometric Quantum Gate in Circuit QED

We propose a scheme to implement an unconventional geometric phase gate in circuit QED, i.e. two superconducting charge qubits inside a superconducting transmission line resonator. The quantum operation depends only on global geometric features, and thus is insensitive to the state of the cavity mode.     

光弹材料载荷过程中红外辐射特征机理的计算分析

基于材料的热力学关系和能量守恒定律,给出弹性体形变过程中红外辐射温度改变量和辐出度变化的物理计算方程.并结合有限元方法进行物理建模,对光弹材料三点弯载荷实验过程中的红外辐射出射度的分布进行数值计算和模拟.结果与实验结果吻合较好,表明模型及其相关理论是合理的,可以用来量化揭示实验中的红外辐射特征.从而得到一种能够利用计算机量化分析固体材料载荷过程中红外辐射特征机理的计算方法.